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175 results for “fatalities”
Longitudinal proteomic profiling of high-risk patients with COVID-19 reveals markers of severity and predictors of fatal disease
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Fatal and non-fatal events within 14 days after early, intensive mobilization post stroke
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Data from: Fatal attraction? Intraguild facilitation and suppression among predators
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Confirmation that eagle fatalities can be reduced by automated curtailment of wind turbines
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Fatal outcome of chikungunya virus infection in Brazil
Abstract Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) emerged in the Americas in 2013 and has caused ~2.1 million cases and over 600 deaths. A retrospective investigation was undertaken to describe clinical, epidemiological and virus genomic features associated with deaths caused by CHIKV in Ceará state, northeast Brazil. Methods Sera, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and tissue samples from 100 fatal cases with suspected arbovirus infection were tested for CHIKV, dengue (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). Clinical, epidemiological and death reports were obtained for patients with confirmed CHIKV infection. Logistic regression analysis was undertaken to identify independent factors associated with risk of death during CHIKV infection. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using whole genomes from a subset of cases. Results 68 fatal cases had CHIKV infection confirmed by RT-qPCR (52.9%), viral antigen (41.1%), and/or specific-IgM (63.2%). Co-detection of CHIKV with DENV were found in 22% of fatal cases, ZIKV in 2.9%, and DENV and ZIKV in 1.5%. A total of 39 CHIKV-deaths presented with neurological signs and symptoms, and CHIKV-RNA was found in the CSF of 92.3% of these patients. Fatal outcomes were associated with irreversible multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Patients with diabetes appear to die at a higher frequency during the sub-acute phase. Genetic analysis showed circulation of two CHIKV-East Central South African (ECSA) lineages in Ceará and revealed no unique virus genomic mutation associated with fatal outcome. Conclusion The investigation of the largest cross-sectional cohort of CHIKV-deaths to date reveals that CHIKV-ECSA strains can cause death in individuals from both risk and non-risk groups, including young adults.
Data from: Automated curtailment of wind turbines reduces eagle fatalities
<ol> <li>Collision-caused fatalities of animals at wind power facilities create a 'green versus green' conflict between wildlife conservation and renewable energy. These fatalities can be mitigated via informed curtailment whereby turbines are slowed or stopped when wildlife are considered at increased risk of collision. Automated monitoring systems could improve efficacy of informed curtailment, yet such technology is undertested.</li> <li>We test the efficacy of an automated curtailment system—a camera system that detects flying objects, classifies them, and decides whether to curtail individual turbines to avoid potential collision—in reducing counts of fatalities of eagles, at Top of the World Windpower Facility (hereafter, the treatment site) in Wyoming, USA. We perform a before-after-control-impact study, comparing the number of eagle fatalities observed at the treatment site with those at a nearby (15 km) control site without automated curtailment, both before and after the implementation of automated curtailment at the treatment site.</li> <li>After correcting for carcass detection probability and scaling fatality estimates to turbine-years, we estimate that the number of fatalities at the treatment site declined by 63% (95% CI = 59% – 66%) between before and after periods while increasing at the control site by 113% (51% – 218%). In total, there was an 82% (75% – 89%) reduction in the fatality rate at the treatment site relative to the control site.</li> <li> <i>Synthesis and applications.</i> Automated curtailment of wind turbine operation substantially reduced eagle fatalities. This technology therefore has the potential to lessen the conflict between wind energy and raptor conservation. Although automated curtailment reduced fatalities, they were not fully eliminated. Therefore, automated curtailment, as implemented here, is not a panacea and its efficacy could be improved if considered in conjunction with other mitigation actions.</li> </ol>
Data from: Incidence and fatality of serious suicide attempts in a predominantly rural population in Shandong, China: a public health surveillance study
Objectives: To estimate the incidence of serious suicide attempts (SSAs, defined as suicide attempts resulting in either death or hospitalisation) and to examine factors associated with fatality among these attempters. Design: A surveillance study of incidence and mortality. Linked data from two public health surveillance systems were analysed. Setting: Three selected counties in Shandong, China. Participants: All residents in the three selected counties. Outcome: measures Incidence rate (per 100 000 person-years) and case fatality rate (%). Methods: Records of suicide deaths and hospitalisations that occurred among residents in selected counties during 2009–2011 (5 623 323 person-years) were extracted from electronic databases of the Disease Surveillance Points (DSP) system and the Injury Surveillance System (ISS) and were linked by name, sex, residence and time of suicide attempt. A multiple logistic regression model was developed to examine the factors associated with a higher or lower fatality rate. Results: The incidence of SSAs was estimated to be 46 (95% CI 44 to 48) per 100 000 person-years, which was 1.5 times higher in rural versus urban areas, slightly higher among females, and increased with age. Among all SSAs, 51% were hospitalised and survived, 9% were hospitalised but later died and 40% died with no hospitalisation. Most suicide deaths (81%) were not hospitalised and most hospitalised SSAs (85%) survived. The fatality rate was 49% overall, but was significantly higher among attempters living in rural areas, who were male, older, with lower education or with a farming occupation. With regard to the method of suicide, fatality was lowest for non-pesticide poisons (7%) and highest for hanging (97%). Conclusions: The incidence of serious suicide attempts is substantially higher in rural areas than in urban areas of China. The risk of death is influenced by the attempter's sex, age, education level, occupation, method used and season of year.
Fig 5 in Description of a New Galapagos Giant Tortoise Species (Chelonoidis; Testudines: Testudinidae) from Cerro Fatal on Santa Cruz Island
Fig 5. Frequency distribution of genetic distances between different Galapagos giant tortoise species (A: microsatellite DNA, B: mitochondrial DNA). For each histogram, a dark gray column indicates where the observed genetic distance between the Cerro Fatal and Reserva tortoises falls. Left: Microsatellite genetic distances calculated from purebred individuals in the reference measured using FST (top) or RST (below). Right: DNA sequence genetic distances based on mtDNA haplotypes from purebred individuals in the reference database, measured using uncorrected p-distances (top), or maximum likelihood (ML)-corrected distances (below).
Fig 2 in Description of a New Galapagos Giant Tortoise Species (Chelonoidis; Testudines: Testudinidae) from Cerro Fatal on Santa Cruz Island
Fig 2. (A) Bayesian Inference (BI) tree reconstructed from the dataset including all unique mtDNA control region haplotypes previously sampled from extant and extinct species as well as the three museum specimens of giant Galapagos tortoises analyzed in this study. Numbers on branches indicate posterior probabilities. Only the nodal support values for the major lineages are presented. Red and green colors identify museum samples analyzed in the present and previous studies, respectively. (B) Haplotype network showing matrilineal diversity recovered from 70 sequences of C. porteri from Reserva, 51 sequences of the lineage from Cerro Fatal, and 2 sequences of C. chathamensis from San Cristóbal Island. Twenty-five inferred mutations separate the haplogroups of Chelonoidis sp. nov. from Cerro Fatal from the ones from C. porteri from Reserva.
Fig 1 in Description of a New Galapagos Giant Tortoise Species (Chelonoidis; Testudines: Testudinidae) from Cerro Fatal on Santa Cruz Island
Fig 1. Geographic distribution of the two known lineages of giant tortoises on Santa Cruz Island: Chelonoidis porteri (Reserva) and Chelonoidis sp. nov. (Cerro Fatal) (indicated in dark gray). Light gray area connecting the distribution areas of the two species indicates agricultural land. Modified from Russello et al. [11].
Fig 6. A-E in Description of a New Galapagos Giant Tortoise Species (Chelonoidis; Testudines: Testudinidae) from Cerro Fatal on Santa Cruz Island
Fig 6. A-E. The skull of the museum specimen UWZS 32700, holotype for Chelonoidis sp. nov. from Cerro Fatal in Santa Cruz (A: dorsal, B: ventral, C: occipital, D: frontal and E: lateral view).
Fig 4 in Description of a New Galapagos Giant Tortoise Species (Chelonoidis; Testudines: Testudinidae) from Cerro Fatal on Santa Cruz Island
Fig 4. Genetic membership from Bayesian assignment tests in STRUCTURE for the three museum individuals, relative to the genotypic database representing the Cerro Fatal (black) and Reserva (white) giant tortoise populations. Each bar represents an individual and the proportional color of each bar represents the percentage membership (i.e., Q-value) in each of the reference clusters. Museum individuals include the C. porteri holotype (#) and the two Cerro Fatal specimens tested as putative candidates for the Chelonoidis sp. nov. holotype (*).
Fig 3 in Description of a New Galapagos Giant Tortoise Species (Chelonoidis; Testudines: Testudinidae) from Cerro Fatal on Santa Cruz Island
Fig 3. Polymorphic sites between Chelonoidis sp. nov. (Cerro Fatal—Santa Cruz), C. chathamensis (San Cristóbal), and C. porteri (Reserva— Santa Cruz). The position of diagnostic locations is relative to the Genbank record AY956622 for porCF1 from Cerro Fatal. - = gap position and K = G/T polymorphism.
Wind turbines without curtailment produce large numbers of bat fatalities throughout their lifetime: A call against ignorance and neglect
<p>Bats are protected by national and international legislation in European countries, yet many species, particularly migratory aerial insectivores, collide with wind turbines which counteracts conservation efforts. Within the European Union it is legally required<br> to curtail the operation of wind turbines at periods of high bat activity, yet this is not practiced at old wind turbines. Based on data from the national carcass repository in Germany and from our own carcass searches at a wind park with three turbines west<br> of Berlin, we evaluated the magnitude of bat casualties at old, potentially mal-sited wind turbines operating without curtailment. We report 88 documented bat carcasses collected by various searchers over the 20-year operation period of this wind park from<br> 2001 to 2021. Common noctule bats ( Nyctalus noctula ) and common pipistrelles (Pipistrellus pipistrellus ) were most often found dead at these turbines. Our search campaign in August and September 2021 yielded a total of 18 carcasses. We estimated that at least 209 bats were likely killed during our field survey, yielding more than 70 casualties/wind turbine or 39 casualties/MW in two months. Since our campaign covered only part of the migration season, we consider this value as an underestimate. The 20-year period of the wind park emphasises the substantial impact old turbines may have on bat individuals and populations when operating without curtailments. We call for reconsidering the operation procedures of old wind turbines to stop the continuous loss of bats in Germany and other countries where turbine curtailments are even less practiced than in Germany.</p>
Spatially resolved single-cell atlas unveils A distinct cellular signature of fatal lung COVID-19 in a Malawian population
<p>Postmortem single-cell studies have transformed understanding of lower respiratory tract diseases (LRTD) including Covid19, but there is minimal data from African settings where HIV, malaria and other environmental exposures may affect disease pathobiology and treatment targets. We used histology and high-dimensional imaging to characterise fatal lung disease in Malawian adults with (n=9) and without (n=7) Covid19, and generated single-cell transcriptomics data from lung, blood and nasal cells. Data integration with other cohorts showed a conserved Covid19 histopathological signature, driven by contrasting immune and inflammatory mechanisms: in USA, European and Asian cohorts by type I/III interferon responses, particularly in blood-derived monocytes, in the Malawi cohort, by response to interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in lung-resident macrophages. HIV status had minimal impact on histology or immunopathology. Our study provides a data resource and highlights the importance of studying the cellular mechanisms of disease in underrepresented populations, indicating shared and distinct targets for treatment. </p> <p>Here, there are scripts containing pre-processing, image denoise, cell segmentation, single-cell and spatial statistics analysis as well as visualisation plots for the Imaging Mass Cytometry of the post-mortem lung sections. </p> <p>Check out the interactive single cell atlas hosted on the cellxgeneVIP platform hosted by the University of Glasgow, by clicking on <a href="https://cellatlas-cxg.mvls.gla.ac.uk/COSMIC/view/COSMIC_IMC_Lung.h5ad/" rel="nofollow">https://cellatlas-cxg.mvls.gla.ac.uk/COSMIC/view/COSMIC_IMC_Lung.h5ad/</a></p>
Fig. 1 in A Fatal Agonistic Interaction between Ant and Darkling Beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pimeliinae: Adesmiini) in the Northern Namib Desert
Fig. 1. Ventral and dorsal views of the specimen of Onymacris bicolor with an ant head (Camponotus fulvopilosus) attached to its right antenna.
Data Set: Software-Related Fatal Failures: An Empirical Exploration of RISKS Reports
<p>The data set used in the empirical exploration of RISKS reports. This data set acts as a basis for further research and investigation to categorize and analyze software-related fatal failures spanning more than 30 years.</p>
Fatal mobbing and attack of the common cuckoo by its warbler hosts
<p><span>Nest defence is an effective strategy of hosts against parasites. Typically, hosts will aggressively attack brood parasites that approach or visit their nests, which can prevent the parasites from laying eggs or may even lead to the death of the parasites. Few previous studies have specifically reported such fatal cases involving brood parasites and have attributed the cause of death to either drowning or hypothermia after falling into the water following an attack from hosts. In this study, we recorded the process of multiple host individuals of the Oriental reed warbler (<em>Acrocephalus</em> <em>orientalis</em>) mobbing and attacking a female common cuckoo (<em>Cuculus</em> <em>canorus</em>) in the field. We discovered that the immediate cause of the cuckoo's death was the fatal physical damage resulting from the aggressive defence from the hosts, suggesting that frantic pecking and scratching by the hosts is the most proximate cause of mortality among egg-laying female cuckoos. This finding enhances our essential understanding of the effectiveness of host attacks.</span></p>
FIG. 4 in Bat activity rates do not predict bat fatality rates at wind energy facilities
FIG. 4. Bat activity rates measured before and after turbines were built at four wind energy facilities for high- and low-frequency bats during individual seasons. The dashed line indicates a 1:1 relationship between pre- and post-construction activity rates
FIG. 3 in Bat activity rates do not predict bat fatality rates at wind energy facilities
FIG. 3. Regression analysis for high-frequency bat activity rates (Panel A, n = 23) and low-frequency bat activity rates (Panel B, n = 24) recorded by raised microphones versus overall bat fatality rates at paired pre-construction and post-construction studies, grouped by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service region
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.