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96 results for “field methods”
Database of research methods in the educational field. Bibliometric analysis: comparative study between Scopus and WoS
<p>Data package on research methods in the educational field in the Web of Science and Scopus databases between 2000 and 2023</p>
Data from: Seeing is believing? comparing plant-herbivore networks constructed by field co-occurrence and DNA barcoding methods for gaining insights into network structures
Plant-herbivore interaction networks provide information about community organization. Two methods are currently used to document pairwise interactions among plants and insect herbivores. One is the traditional method that collects plant-herbivore interaction data by field observation of insect occurrence on host plants. The other is the increasing application of newly developed molecular techniques based on DNA barcodes to the analysis of gut contents. The second method is more appealing because it documents realized interactions. To construct complete networks, each technique of network construction is urgent to be assessed. We addressed this question by comparing the effectiveness and reliability of the two methods in constructing plant-Lepidoptera larval network in a 50 ha subtropical forest in China. Our results showed that the accuracy of diet identification by observation method increased with the number of observed insect occurrences on food plants. In contrast, the molecular method using three plant DNA markers were able to identify food residues for 35.6% larvae and correctly resolved 77.3% plant (diet) species. Network analysis showed molecular networks had three-fold more unique host plant species but fewer links than the traditional networks had. The molecular method detected plants that were not sampled by the traditional method, e.g., bamboos, bryophytes and lianas in the diets of insect herbivores. The two networks also possessed significantly different structural properties. Our study indicates the traditional observation of co-occurrence is inadequate, while molecular method can provide higher species resolution of ecological interactions.
Dataset from: "Adjoint methods for quasisymmetry of vacuum fields on a surface"
<p>Adjoint methods can speed up stellarator optimisation by providing gradient information more efficiently compared to finite-difference evaluations. Adjoint methods are herein applied to vacuum magnetic fields, with objective functions targeting quasisymmetry and a rotational transform value on a surface. To measure quasisymmetry, a novel way of evaluating approximate flux coordinates on a single flux surface without the assumption of a neighbourhood of flux surfaces is proposed. The shape gradients obtained from the adjoint formalism are evaluated numerically and verified against finite-difference evaluations.</p>
A cryopreservation method to recover laboratory- and field-derived bacterial communities from mosquito larval habitats
<p>Mosquitoes develop in a wide range of aquatic habitats containing highly diverse and variable bacterial communities that shape both larval and adult traits, including the capacity of adult females of some mosquito species to vector disease-causing organisms to humans. However, while most mosquito studies control for host genotype and environmental conditions, the impact of microbiota variation on phenotypic outcomes of mosquitoes is often unaccounted for. The inability to conduct reproducible intra- and inter-laboratory studies of mosquito-microbiota interactions has also greatly limited our ability to identify microbial targets for mosquito-borne disease control. Here, we developed an approach to isolate and cryopreserve bacterial communities derived from lab- and field-based larval-rearing environments of the yellow fever mosquito <em>Aedes</em> <em>aegypti</em>–a primary vector of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. We then validated the use of our approach to generate experimental microcosms colonized by standardized lab- and field-derived bacterial communities. <span>Our results overall reveal minimal effects of cryopreservation on the recovery of both lab- and field-derived bacteria when directly compared with isolation from non-cryopreserved fresh material. Our results also reveal improved reproducibility of bacterial communities in replicate microcosms generated using cryopreserved stocks over fresh material. Communities in replicate microcosms further captured the majority of total bacterial diversity present in both lab- and field-based larval environments, although the relative richness of recovered taxa as compared to non-recovered taxa was substantially lower in microcosms containing field-derived bacteria. Altogether, these results provide a critical next step toward the standardization of mosquito studies to include larval-rearing environments colonized by defined microbial communities. They also lay the foundation for long-term studies of mosquito-microbe interactions and the identification and manipulation of taxa with potential to reduce mosquito vectorial capacity.</span></p>
Supplementary Data to "Simulation of dendritic-eutectic growth with the phase-field method" by Seiz et al. pt. 2
<p>Data from some additional simulations conducted during the review of the paper. The goal was to test whether the theory delineating the dendritic-eutectic regime from the eutectic regime would also be applicable at lower solidification speeds. I chose the gradient G = 99 K/mm for quicker convergence and a target crossover concentration of c_0 = 0.11 to roughly get a factor of 10 slower crossover velocity compared to the previous simulations. The crossover velocity, following the theory, ended up being V= 8.347 um/s. The grid spacing was increased by a factor of 3 motivated by the classical scaling laws VR^2 = const. (R= dendrite tip radius or lamellar spacing) and approximating sqrt(10) as 3. At first, three test concentrations (c_0 = 0.1, 0.11, 0.12) are considered. If the theory is right, only c_0 = 0.1 should yield dendritic-eutectic growth.</p> <p> </p> <p>Even after an increase of grid spacing, having more than 5 diffusion lengths between the solidification front and the boundary would have required in excess of 15k cells in the growth direction. Thus I opted to work with a smaller domain for which I later needed to account. I employed a domain of 1200 um (4k cells) in the growth direction, with the moving cutoff at 600 um, and a width of 270 um. This makes for about 2.5 diffusion lengths (l_d = 239.6 um) between the front and the boundary. This did influence the results, as the simulation with c_0 = 0.11 showed dendritic-eutectic growth. Fitting an exponential ansatz for the concentration c(x) = c_inf + dc exp(-x/l_d) (x starting from the dendrite tip) showed that the apparent far-field concentration c_inf=0.108243 was actually within the dendritic-eutectic regime.</p> <p>In order to approximate a simulation for which c_inf = 0.11, the ansatz was employed to solve for c(x_b = 600um) using the actual diffusion length for l_d and observed tip concentration to determine dc. This led to a boundary value of c(x_b) = 0.115, for which another simulation was run. This simulation did show eutectic growth dominating, though the apparent far-field concentration (c_inf = 0.112216) at simulation end did not match the target concentration, likely due to being not converged yet. However, this point does lie within the eutectic regime as predicted by the theory and thus the theory also works at lower velocities once the problem of finite domain sizes is accounted for.</p> <p> </p> <p>Videos showing the evolution of the four simulations with different boundary concentration are attached, though with somewhat variable time between frames. The videos show a 660 x 270 um view of the simulation, slightly beyond the moving window cutoff.</p> <p>Attached as well is the updated microstructure map (with the new simulations plotted over their apparent far-field concentration) and a plot of the height difference between the maximal observed position of the alpha and theta phase. The latter serves as an easy way to differentiate dominant eutectic from dominant dendritic-eutectic growth, as this difference goes to zero for dominant eutectic growth, but some significant non-zero value for dendritic-eutectic growth.</p>
Collection of Human Biological Samples for the Development and Validation of New Methods of Diagnosis and for the Realization of Expertises Diagnostics in the Field of Infectious Diseases and Tropical
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03912246. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 14.
A Novel Method for Treating Lung Met w/Combo of Electric Fields & Rad Therapy: A Single-Arm
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05555342. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Pairing field methods to improve inference in wildlife surveys while accommodating detection covariance
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Data from: Technical note: rapid image-based field methods improve the quantification of termite mound structures and greenhouse-gas fluxes
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Data from: Using occupancy modeling to compare environmental DNA to traditional field methods for regional-scale monitoring of an endangered aquatic species
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Data from: Seeing is believing? comparing plant-herbivore networks constructed by field co-occurrence and DNA barcoding methods for gaining insights into network structures
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A cryopreservation method to recover laboratory- and field-derived bacterial communities from mosquito larval habitats
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Data from: The Automated Root Exudate System (ARES): a method to apply solutes at regular intervals to soils in the field
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Data from: Hypothesis-driven and field-validated method to prioritize fragmentation mitigation efforts in road projects
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Relationship between eDNA concentration from metabarcoding method and stream fish density under field conditions
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Utilizing field collected insects for next generation sequencing: effects of sampling, storage, and DNA extraction methods
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Data associated to the manuscript "Simulating Electrochemical Systems by Combining the Finite Field Method with a Constant Potential Electrode"
<p>Contains input files and data used to generate the figures of the article:</p> <p>Simulating Electrochemical Systems by Combining the Finite Field Method with a Constant Potential Electrode</p> <p>Thomas Dufils, Guillaume Jeanmairet, Benjamin Rotenberg, Michiel Sprik, and Mathieu Salanne,<br> *Phys. Rev. Lett.*, 123, 195501, 2019</p> <p>https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.195501 ([see here for a preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.00622))</p> <p>The folder *typical_input_files* contains 2 input files for MetalWalls, which is available [here](https://gitlab.com/ampere2/metalwalls)</p> <p>The folder *figures_data* contains 5 files with the data used to plot Figures 2.a, 2.b and 3</p>
Double-difference seismic attenuation tomography method and its application to The Geysers geothermal field, California
<p>Earthquake relocations and Vp and Qp models of The Geysers geothermal field developed by Guo and Thurber (2021).</p> <p> </p> <p>Reference:</p> <p>Hao Guo, Clifford Thurber, 2021. Double-difference seismic attenuation tomography method and its application to The Geysers geothermal field, California, Geophysical Journal International, ggab017, https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggab017</p>
Data from: Fecal cortisol metabolites to assess stress in wildlife: evaluation of a field method in free ranging chamois
1. Non-invasive faecal cortisol metabolite (FCM) analysis is a well-established tool to quantify stress in captive and free-ranging species. While the method has great potential, its suitability in field studies might be limited when faecal samples from unknown individuals are used. Possible factors affecting final results and thus jeopardizing correct data interpretation are individual and sex-specific variation, storage conditions and uneven distribution of metabolites in the faeces. 2. We tested these factors on a population of free-ranging Alpine chamois Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra in the Austrian Alps. Faecal samples (n = 183) were analysed with an established enzyme immunoassay (EIA). To further validate the assay for FCM in chamois, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed. Sex-specific differences in metabolite excretion were evaluated. Effects of storage length and temperature on FCM were tested with two experiments. The distribution of metabolites in the faeces was determined by the analysis of subsamples of single faecal samples. Potential individual effects on FCM levels and individually variable reactions to stressful events were evaluated with a simulation experiment. 3. Patterns of immunoreactive peaks after HPLC separation were similar for different faecal samples, except in one sample of a male. In the stability tests, storage time at ambient temperature prior to freezing and the individual were the most important variables in modulating FCM. Concentrations within single samples varied significantly between pellets. Analysis of faecal samples collected from June to October showed a highly significant seasonal trend (P < 0·001) and a considerable variance of FCM levels within the population. Simulations confirmed that individual reactions to stressors in terms of varying gradients and FCM levels can explain the observed FCM patterns. 4. Using FCM to assess adrenocortical function requires measuring extensively metabolized products of glucocorticoids, whose excretion and detection in faeces depend on several environmental, endogenous and methodological factors. In free-ranging wildlife, these factors and the intrinsic individual differences in FCM excretion generate systemic noise and substantially distort final results. Therefore, sampling of unknown individuals inevitably jeopardizes meaningful interpretation of data, if the above named factors are not taken into consideration.
Supplementary data for the manuscript "Guided Transformation of Abandoned Hydrocarbon Fields into Heat Storage Solutions Using Enhanced MCDA-AHP Geostatistical Based Method: Hungarian Case Study.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.