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563 results for “genetic differentiation”
Figure 2 in Genetic differentiation in Scriptaphyosemion geryi (Lambert, 1958) suggests the existence of a species complex
Figure 2. - Consensus tree based on Maximum Likelihood (PHYML), Parsimony (TNT), and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis (number of generation = 6 108, burn-in = 25%). Numbers above or below the branches are percentages of bootstrap values based on 1000 replicates for respectively each method (except for Bayesian inferences where the numbers represent the percentage of trees with best likelihood scores in which the particular node was found). Numbers on the right side of the tree represent genetically-defined clades.
Figure 3 in Genetic differentiation in Scriptaphyosemion geryi (Lambert, 1958) suggests the existence of a species complex
Figure 3. - Histogram representing the distribution of the Kimura 2 distances (D) observed between the 13 different Chromaphyosemion species, in white (ranged from 0.024 to 0.120), between S. geryi populations of the same clade, in grey (from 0.001 to 0.026), and between S. geryi populations from different clades, in black (from 0.030 to 0.083).
Figure 3. A in Taxonomic re-examination of the two camptandriid crab species Deiratonotus japonicus (Sakai, 1934) and D. tondensis Sakai, 1983, and genetic differentiation among their local populations
Figure 3. A male specimen having morphological characteristics of Deiratonotus tondensis, collected in the Tonda River, Wakayama (OMNH-Ar 6885). Scale bar: 5 mm.
Figure 6 in Taxonomic re-examination of the two camptandriid crab species Deiratonotus japonicus (Sakai, 1934) and D. tondensis Sakai, 1983, and genetic differentiation among their local populations
Figure 6. Male and female specimens of Deiratonotus japonicus. (A–C) Male from the Isuzu River, Shizuoka (OMNH-Ar 6879); (D) male from the Tonda River, Wakayama (OMNH-Ar 6885); (E) female from the Isuzu River, Shizuoka (OMNH-Ar 6879). (A, D) Cheliped; (B, E) abdomen; (C) first pleopod. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 5 in Taxonomic re-examination of the two camptandriid crab species Deiratonotus japonicus (Sakai, 1934) and D. tondensis Sakai, 1983, and genetic differentiation among their local populations
Figure 5. Relationship between geographic distance and FST/(12FST) in Deiratonotus populations. Solid circles represent locality combinations showing significant FST values (P,0.05) and open circles represent locality combinations showing insignificant FST values.
Figure 1 in Taxonomic re-examination of the two camptandriid crab species Deiratonotus japonicus (Sakai, 1934) and D. tondensis Sakai, 1983, and genetic differentiation among their local populations
Figure 1. Sampling localities of Deiratonotus specimens. 1, Isuzu R., Shizuoka; 2, Yukashi Lagoon, Wakayama; 3, Ohta R., Wakayama; 4, Tsuni R., Wakayama; 5, Hiki R., Wakayama; 6, Hukuro R., Wakayama; 7, Tonda R., Wakayama; 8, Urauchi Bay, Kohchi; 9, Fukiage R., Kohchi; 10, Shimanto R., Kohchi; 11, Takahama R., Kumamoto; 12, Amikake R., Kagoshima; 13, Miyashi R., Kagoshima.
Figure 2. A in Taxonomic re-examination of the two camptandriid crab species Deiratonotus japonicus (Sakai, 1934) and D. tondensis Sakai, 1983, and genetic differentiation among their local populations
Figure 2. A male specimen having morphological characteristics of Deiratonotus japonicus, collected in the Isuzu River, Shizuoka (OMNH-Ar 6879). Scale bar: 5 mm.
Figure 4 in Taxonomic re-examination of the two camptandriid crab species Deiratonotus japonicus (Sakai, 1934) and D. tondensis Sakai, 1983, and genetic differentiation among their local populations
Figure 4. Parsimony network of mtDNA COI haplotypes from Deiratonotus specimens. Haplotypes correspond to Table III. Solid lines show branches coincided with those of ML tree. Bootstrap probabilities (.50%) of 1000 replications in ML analysis are shown on internodes. Oval size indicates the number of each haplotype. Large oval, n514; second, n58; third, n54; fourth, n52; small oval, n51. A haplotype of Deiratonotus cristatus from two localities was used as an outgroup.
Genetic differentiation following recent domestication events: A study of farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) populations
<p>SNP array data from our research article. It contains the SNP markers in common across the different Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) populations assessed in the study</p>
Data from: Past forest-cover explains current genetic differentiation in the Carpathian newt (Lissotriton montandoni), but not in the smooth newt (L. vulgaris)
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong>Aim:</strong><strong><span> </span></strong><span>Current genetic variation and differentiation are expected to reflect the effects of past rather than present landscapes due to time lags, i.e., the time necessary for genetic diversity to reach equilibrium and reflect demography. </span>Time lags can affect our ability to infer landscape use and model connectivity, and also obscure the genetic consequences of recent landscape changes<span>. In this work, we test if past forest-cover better explains contemporary patterns of genetic differentiation in two closely related but ecologically distinct newt species – <em>Lissotriton montandoni</em> and <em>L. vulgaris</em>. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Location: </strong></span><span><span>Carpathian Mountains and foothills.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Methods: </strong>Genetic differentiation between populations was related with landscape resistance optimized with tools from landscape genetics, for multiple timeframes, using forest-cover data from 1963 to 2015. Analyses were conducted for </span><span><span>pairs of populations at distances from 1 to 50 km.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Results:</strong></span><span><strong><span> </span></strong></span><span><span>We </span></span><span>find evidence for a time lag in <em>L. montandoni</em>, with forest-cover from 40 years ago (ca. 10 newt generations) better explaining current genetic differentiation. In <em>L. vulgaris</em>, current genetic differentiation was better predicted by present land-cover models with lower resistance given to open-forests. This result may reflect the generalist ecology of<em> L. vulgaris</em>, its lower effective population sizes and exposure to habitat destruction and fragmentation.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong>Main conclusions:</strong><span> <span>Our study provides evidence for time lags in <em>L. montandoni</em>, showing that the genetic consequences of landscape change for some species are not yet evident. Our findings highlight the interspecific variation in time lag prevalence, and demonstrate that current patterns of genetic differentiation should be interpreted in the context of historical landscape changes.</span></span></p>
Host-associated genetic differentiation and origin of a recent host shift in the generalist parasitic weed Phelipanche ramosa
<p>The branched broomrape, <em>Phelipanche ramosa</em> (L.) Pomel, is a parasitic weed that can infest several crops, notably tobacco, hemp and tomato. In western France, it has recently adapted to a new host, oilseed rape. We collected <em>P. ramosa</em> samples from fields cultivated with six different crops across Europe. Data from SSR markers and DNA sequences showed strong host-associated genetic differentiation.</p> <p>File SSRdata-Pramosa1611.txt contains sampling locations, host crops and microsatellite genotypes.</p> <p>Files BO1aligned.fas, ITSaligned.fas, RPL16aligned.fas and trnKtrnQaligned.fas contain aligned DNA sequences.</p>
Data from: Discordant patterns of genetic and phenotypic differentiation in five grasshopper species co-distributed across a microreserve network
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Climate adaptation and genetic differentiation in the mosquito species <em>Culex tarsalis</em>
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Data from: Small-scale genetic differentiation in mean flowering time, but not in plasticity, along a geothermal heating gradient
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Data from: Past forest-cover explains current genetic differentiation in the Carpathian newt (Lissotriton montandoni), but not in the smooth newt (L. vulgaris)
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Data from: Contrasting effect of hybridization on genetic differentiation in three rockfish species with similar life history
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Genetic differentiation and demographic trajectory of the insular Formosan and Orii’s flying foxes
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Data from: Drift happens: molecular genetic diversity and differentiation among populations of jewelweed (Impatiens capensis Meerb.) reflect fragmentation of floodplain forests
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Low levels of genetic differentiation with isolation by geography and environment in populations of Drosophila melanogaster from across China
<p>The fruit fly <i>Drosophila</i> <i>melanogaster</i> is a model species in evolutionary studies. However, the population processes of this species in East Asia are poorly studied, even though this area was one of the first regions colonized outside of its native distribution range. Here we examined the population genetic structure of <i>D.</i> <i>melanogaster</i> across China. There were 14 mitochondrial haplotypes with ten unique ones out of 23 known from around the globe. Pairwise F<sub>ST</sub> values estimated from 15 novel microsatellites ranged from 0 to 0.11, with geographically isolated populations showing the highest level of genetic uniqueness. STRUCTURE analysis identified high levels of admixture at both the individual and population levels. Mantel tests indicated a strong association between genetic distance and geographical distance as well as environmental distance. Full RDA analysis showed that independent effects of environmental conditions and geography accounted for 62.10% and 31.58% of the total explained genetic variance, respectively. When geographic variables were constrained in a partial RDA analysis, three environmental variables of bio2 (mean diurnal air temperature range), bio13 (precipitation of the wettest month), and bio15 (precipitation seasonality) were correlated with genetic distance. Our study suggests that a high level of gene flow, geographical isolation, and environmental factors have together shaped the population genetic structure of <i>D.</i> <i>melanogaster</i> after its introduction into China.</p>
The roles of climate, geography and natural selection as drivers of genetic and phenotypic differentiation in a widespread amphibian Hyla annectans (Anura: Hylidae)
The role of geological events and Pleistocene climatic fluctuations as drivers of current patterns of genetic variation in extant species has been a topic of continued interest among evolutionary biologists. Nevertheless, comprehensive studies of widely distributed species are still rare, especially from Asia. Using geographically extensive sampling of many individuals and a large number of nuclear single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we studied the phylogeography and historical demography of Hyla annectans populations in southern China. Thirty-five sampled populations were grouped into seven clearly defined genetic clusters that closely match phenotype-based subspecies classification. These lineages diverged 2.32–5.23 million years ago, a timing that closely aligns with the rapid and drastic uplifting of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and adjacent southwest China. Demographic analyses and species distribution models indicate that different populations of this species have responded differently to past climatic changes. In the Hengduan Mountains, most populations experienced a bottleneck, whereas the populations located outside of the Hengduan Mountains have gradually declined in size since the end of the last glaciation. In addition, the levels of phenotypic and genetic divergence were strongly correlated across major clades. These results highlight the combined effects of geological events and past climatic fluctuations, as well as natural selection, as drivers of contemporary patterns of genetic and phenotypic variation in a widely distributed anuran in Asia.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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