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76 results for “grassland restoration”
Data from: Passive restoration of sub-tropical grassland after abandonment of cultivation
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Data from: Effects of water level and grassland management on alpha and beta diversity of wet grassland birds in restored wetlands
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Post-restoration grassland management overrides the effects of restoration methods in propagule-rich landscapes
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Data from: Studying long-term, large-scale grassland restoration outcomes to improve seeding methods and reveal knowledge gaps
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Data from: Severance of arbuscular mycorrhizal networks in restoration grasslands enhances seedling biomass
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Data from: Diversity patterns from sequentially restored grasslands support the ‘environmental heterogeneity hypothesis'
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Data from: Past tree influence and prescribed fire mediate biotic interactions and community reassembly in a grassland-restoration experiment
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Data from: Plant, soil and microbial controls on grassland diversity restoration: a long-term, multi-site mesocosm experiment
The success of grassland biodiversity restoration schemes is determined by many factors; as such their outcomes can be unpredictable. There is a need for improved understanding of the relative importance of belowground factors to restoration success, such as contrasting soil type and management intensities, as well as plant community composition and order of assembly. We carried out an eight-year mesocosm experiment across three locations in the UK to explore the relative and interactive roles of various aboveground and belowground factors in the establishment of target species, to determine general constraints on grassland restoration. Each location had a series of mesocosms with contrasting soil types and management status, which were initially sown with six grasses typical of species-poor grasslands targeted for restoration. Over five years, sets of plant species were added, to test how different vegetation treatments, including early-coloniser species and the hemiparasite Rhinanthus minor, and soil type and management, influenced the establishment of target plant species and community diversity. The addition of early-coloniser species to model grasslands suppressed the establishment of target species, indicating a strong priority effect. Soil type was also an important factor, but effects varied considerably across locations. In the absence of early-coloniser species, low soil nutrient availability improved establishment of target species across locations, although R. minor had no beneficial effect. Synthesis and applications. Our long-term, multi-site study indicates that successful restoration of species rich grassland is dependent primarily on priority effects, especially in the form of early-coloniser species that suppress establishment of slow-growing target species. We also show that priority effects vary with soil conditions, being stronger in clay than sandy soils, and on soils of high nutrient availability. As such, our work emphasises the importance of considering priority effects and local soil conditions in developing management strategies for restoring plant species diversity in grassland.
The application of filter based assembly model to develop best practices for Pannonian sand grassland restoration
<p>Data used for a manuscript sent to JAE in 2015.</p>
Can prescribed fires restore C4 grasslands invaded by a C3 woody species and a co-dominant C3 grass species?
<p>Prescribed fire is used to reduce woody plant invasion and restore herbaceous production and diversity in grasslands and savannas worldwide. Here we determined if a concentrated series of repeated-winter, repeated-summer, or alternate-season (winter and summer) fires in a short timeframe ("transition fires") could catalyze the restoration of C<sub>4</sub> perennial grasses in Southern Great Plains, USA grasslands that had become dominated by a fire-tolerant C<sub>3</sub> woody N<sub>2</sub>-fixer (honey mesquite, <i>Prosopis glandulosa</i>) and a C<sub>3</sub> perennial bunchgrass (Texas wintergrass, <i>Nassella leucotricha</i>). We applied transition fires over a 5-year span, and maintenance fires on a portion of each plot 7 or 8 years later. We measured herbaceous standing biomass and cover and soil variables (soil organic C, N, δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N) in unburned, transition-burned and maintenance-burned treatments. Greater δ<sup>13</sup>C at 10-20 (-17 ‰) than 0-10 (-20 ‰) cm depth increment confirmed that vegetation was historically mostly C<sub>4</sub> grassland that shifted towards C<sub>3</sub> dominance. Transition treatments with summer fire were most effective at top-killing mesquite, but no treatments root-killed >3%. Regrowth of top-killed mesquite was similar in all treatments and reached pre-fire height by 9 to 10 years post-fire. Herbaceous production and cover responses showed that: (1) alternate-season transition fires increased C<sub>4</sub> mid-grass, but did not change Texas wintergrass, (2) repeated-summer fires reduced Texas wintergrass, but did not change C<sub>4</sub> mid-grass, and (3) repeated-winter fires did not change C<sub>4</sub> mid-grass or Texas wintergrass compared to the unburned control. All maintenance fires stimulated Texas wintergrass biomass and cover, thus eliminating the reduction of Texas wintergrass caused by repeated-summer transition fires. There were no long-term effects of transition fires on soil C, N, δ<sup>13</sup>C or δ<sup>15</sup>N. Results advance our understanding of the expectations and limitations of prescribed fire in shifting a woodland alternate state toward what was historically a fire supported C<sub>4</sub> grassland/savanna.</p>
Supplementary datasets for Three years are worth 30 years of secondary succession in urban-industrial grassland restoration
<p>Data used for a manuscript sent to AVS in 2018.</p>
Can prescribed fires restore C4 grasslands invaded by a C3 woody species and a co-dominant C3 grass species?
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How and to what extent have degraded grasslands recovered after ecological restoration in China: A meta-analysis?
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Data from: Plant, soil and microbial controls on grassland diversity restoration: a long-term, multi-site mesocosm experiment
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Data from: Restoring fire to grasslands is critical for migrating shorebird populations
Fire is a disturbance process that maintains the structure and function of grassland ecosystems while sustaining grassland biodiversity. Conversion of grasslands to other land uses coupled with altered disturbance regimes have greatly diminished the habitat available to many grassland dependent species. These changes have been linked to declines in breeding bird populations, but may also be critical for migrating bird populations such as those shorebird species that depend on mesic grasslands during migration. We examined migratory shorebird use of burned grasslands in the southern Great Plains of North America using DISTANCE sampling to estimate and compare bird densities across recently burned and not recently burned landscapes (1-5 years post fire). We conducted two surveys per week for 8-10 weeks along a 54 km route starting at the end of March and concluding in mid-May during 2014-2015. We encountered 2,509 total shorebirds in recently burned areas compared to 130 individuals in areas that were unburned. Fire was a major attractant for our three focal species with American golden-plover (Pluvialis dominica), upland sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda), and killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) densities of 20.48, 11.09, and 26.09 birds per km2 in burned areas compared with 0.00, 1.27, and 0.92 birds per km2 in unburned areas, respectively. This research illustrates the importance of burned grassland for migrating shorebirds, a phenomenon that has largely gone unreported previously. Generally, these findings add to a body of knowledge that demonstrates the value of managing grasslands with historic disturbances that vary over space and time. The application of these findings should improve decision-making for shorebird conservation and provides evidence that prescribed fire planning should include consideration for breeding, transient, and non-breeding populations that vary in their temporal use of the landscape.
Data from: Restoring fire to grasslands is critical for migrating shorebird populations
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.