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147 results for “ground-dwelling”
Data from: Cascading effects of mammalian herbivores on ground-dwelling arthropods: variable responses across arthropod groups, habitats and years
1. Large mammalian herbivores are well known to shape the structure and function of ecosystems worldwide and these effects can in turn cascade through systems to indirectly influence other animal species. A wealth of studies have explored the effects of large mammals on arthropods, but to date they have reported such widely varying results that generalizations have been elusive. Three factors are likely drivers of this variability: the widely varying life-history characteristics of different arthropod groups, the highly variable landscapes that mammalian herbivores commonly inhabit, and temporal variation in environmental conditions. 2. Here, we use an 18-year-old exclosure experiment stratified across three distinct coastal prairie habitats in northern California to address the effects of a reintroduced mammalian herbivore, tule elk (Cervus canadensis nannodes) on the composition, richness, and abundance of ground-dwelling arthropods over two years with very different precipitation regimes. 3. We found that elk shifted the composition of arthropod communities, increasing the abundance of ants, beetles, spiders and mites, decreasing the abundance of woodlice and bristletails in some but not all habitats types, and having no effect on the abundance of bugs, crickets and springtails. Elk also increased richness and changed the composition of ant-genera and beetle morpho-species. Interestingly, the effects of elk on arthropod composition, richness and abundance varied little between years, despite very different precipitation levels, biomass accumulation, and thatch height. 4. Elk reduced shrub cover, aboveground herbaceous biomass, and thatch height and increased soil compaction, and these changes predicted the abundance and richness of arthropods, although taxonomic groups varied in their responses, presumably due to differences in environmental requirements. 5. Synthesis. Our research highlights the importance of using long-term experiments to assess the cascading effects of large herbivores on the composition of ground-dwelling arthropod communities and to identify the mechanisms that indirectly shape arthropod responses to herbivores among variable habitats and years in order to develop a greater understanding of the variable responses of arthropods to large mammalian herbivores.
FIGURE 6 in Two new species of ground-dwelling Cyrtodactylus (Geckoella) from the Mysore Plateau, south India
FIGURE 6. The two new species in life, A–B Cyrtodactylus rishivalleyensis sp. nov. (A, NCBS AQ744; B, holotype, NCBS AQ742), C–D Cyrtodactylus srilekhae sp. nov. (C, holotype, BNHS 2325; D, ESV 101).
FIGURE 3 in Two new species of ground-dwelling Cyrtodactylus (Geckoella) from the Mysore Plateau, south India
FIGURE 3. Plot of FL/SVL vs NE/SE for the spotted species Cyrtodactylus collegalensis (hollow circles) and C. srilekhae sp. nov. (solid filled circles), and the banded species Cyrtodactylus speciosus (hollow squares) and C. rishivalleyensis sp. nov. (solid filled squares).
FIGURE 7 in Two new species of ground-dwelling Cyrtodactylus (Geckoella) from the Mysore Plateau, south India
FIGURE 7. Dorsal and ventral view of paratype series of Cyrtodactylus srilekhae sp. nov.: A, B ESV 101; C, D BNHS 2325; E, F NCBS AQ427; G, H ESV 102; I, J NCBS AQ510.
FIGURE 5 in Two new species of ground-dwelling Cyrtodactylus (Geckoella) from the Mysore Plateau, south India
FIGURE 5. Dorsal, lateral, and ventral view of head of holotypes: (top panel) Cyrtodactylus srilekhae sp. nov. (BNHS 2325), and (bottom panel) C. rishivalleyensis sp. nov. (NCBS AQ742). Scale bars 10 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Two new species of ground-dwelling Cyrtodactylus (Geckoella) from the Mysore Plateau, south India
FIGURE 4. Dorsal and ventral view of holotypes of the new species: A, C Cyrtodactylus srilekhae sp. nov. (BNHS 2325) and B, D, C. rishivalleyensis sp. nov. (NCBS AQ742).
FIGURE 9 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 9. Life photograph of paratype of H. sataraensis sp. nov. illustrating an equally complex but less contrasting general coloration pattern than the holotype.
FIGURE 8 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 8. Life photograph of holotype of H. sataraensis sp. nov. showing the bold and highly contrasting life colours of this species.
FIGURE 2 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 2. Dorsal view of paratype of H. sataraensis sp. nov. (BNHS 1742) with regenerated portion of tail missing. Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 5 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 5. Right lateral view of head of holotype of H. sataraensis sp. nov. showing color patterning and scalation. Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 1 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 1. Dorsal view of holotype of Hemidactylus sataraensis sp. nov. (BNHS 1743). Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 7 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 7. Dorsal view of hindlimbs and tail of holotype of H. sataraensis sp. nov. illustrating the clearly imbricating caudal scales that this species shared with Teratolepis fasciata, H. albofasciatus, and H. scabriceps. The short free portion of the digit emerging from the toepads can also be seen. Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 6 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 6. Ventral view of right pes of holotype of H. sataraensis sp. nov. showing the narrow, undivided proximal scansors typical of this species. Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 11 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 11. Type locality of H. sataraensis sp. nov. in highly degraded habitat near Chalakewadi, Satara District. The types were collected under the rocks like those in the foreground. This photograph was taken during the monsoon when vegetation is lushest.
FIGURE 4 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 4. Dorsal view of trunk of holotype of H. sataraensis sp. nov. showing pholidosis. Note the small tubercles and flattened granular scales. Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 3 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 3. Ventral view of holotype of H. sataraensis sp. nov. showing two large eggs visible through the body wall as well as the dark stripes on throat, tail and (more faintly) trunk.. Scale bar = 10 mm.
FIGURE 10 in A new ground-dwelling Hemidactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Maharashtra, with a key to the Hemidactylus of India
FIGURE 10. Map of Maharastra with district boundaries indicated. A solid dot in the Satara District indicates the type locality of H. sataraensis sp. nov. Inset map of India indicates the relative position of Mahrashtra.
FIGURE 5 in A new ground-dwelling species of Cnemaspis Strauch (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India
FIGURE 5. Map (bottom) showing the type locality, near Dajipur (star), of Cnemaspis kolhapurensis sp. nov. Upper left map shows position of Maharashtra (shaded) within India; upper right map shows position of Kolhapur and Sindhudurg districts (shaded) within Maharashtra.
FIGURE 4 in A new ground-dwelling species of Cnemaspis Strauch (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India
FIGURE 4. Juvenile of Cnemaspis kolhapurensis sp. nov. (not collected) showing the strongly contrasting broad pale dorsal stripe and dark lateral stripes, as well as brightly colored tail.
FIGURE 6 in A new ground-dwelling species of Cnemaspis Strauch (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India
FIGURE 6. View of semi-evergreen forest in northern Western Ghats near type locality of Cnemaspis kolhapurensis sp. nov., Dajipur, Kolhapur district, Mahrashtra, India.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.