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301 results for “law”
WP3 Deliverable 3.1. Literature Review - The Making and Breaking of Rules in crisis situations: The Rule of Law and Democratic Participation
<p>The Covid-19 pandemic was a stress test to democracies. To date, literature lacks a comprehensive assessment of the political legitimacy of governments’ crisis responses in the context of multi-level political decision-making systems. LEGITIMULT aims to fill this gap in literature by analyzing the relationship between multilevel governance and political legitimacy from different angles. Work package 3 focuses on the role of democratic participation and the rule of law in a politically legitimate crisis governance. This working paper aims to develop a model of a democratic crisis governance and its empirical indicators based on the example of the Covid19 crisis. Thereby, it draws on the insights from a review of the extant literature on the democratic quality of the Covid-19 crisis governance. In addition, it presents an overview of the available datasets which assess the democratic quality and political legitimacy of governments’ Covid-19 crisis responses. Finally, it formulates first ideas on case selection for more in-depth analyses. Thus, this first deliverable provides the conceptual foundations of work package 3. Based on the suggested conceptualization and indicators of a democratic crisis governance, we will map the democratic quality of the Covid-19 crisis governance in 31 countries. To study the patterns of the results of this mapping, we will select a set of countries for an in-depth analysis of the impact of multi-level governance on the political legitimacy of Covid-19 crisis governance.</p>
Daughters in Law
<p>A short video animation creatively illustrating a poem by Shangazi Masika, a woman Giryama poet living on the Coast of Kenya. The poem, translated from Giryama by Mturi Katana, depicts the transformation of everyday practices in homes and in families in Kenya, with the changing roles of women and their approach to life. </p> <p>The video was created within the second edition of the Polish-Kenyan Art Festival DUOS in August-September 2021, “Women Power” in cooperation with: William Chengo, Emmanuel Mwanza, Joseph Tuva, Fabius Mwaniki, Peter Omondi, Gabriella Jumwa, and Owen-Lucas Sagali. </p> <p>Sound and music Leon Pawlowski </p> <p>Artistic supervision: Izabela Plucińśka, Sheila Okanga, and Justyna Celeda </p> <p>Duration: '3:10 </p>
Data from: Female preference for males with lower pattern contrast follows Weber's law of proportional processing in an ornate jumping spider
<p>According to Weber's law of proportional processing, perceptual discrimination between stimuli of different magnitudes is based on their proportional differences in magnitude (not absolute differences). Proportional processing operates in various sensory modalities and behavioural contexts. However, whether female mate preference for colour patterns in animals follows Weber's law of proportional processing remains untested. </p> <p>We addressed this research gap using the jade jumping spider, <em>Siler semiglaucus</em>, whose males exhibit remarkable sexually selected colour patterns and whose females show preferences for males with low abdomen pattern contrast (pattern contrast is defined as the spatial feature of the relative abundance of two adjacent colour patches). By manipulating the dorsal abdomen colour patterns of <em>S. semiglaucus</em> males, we created males with varying abdomen pattern contrasts. We then assessed female preference for males that varied in both absolute and proportional differences in pattern contrast.</p> <p>We found that females preferred males with lower abdomen pattern contrasts and discriminated between males based on both absolute and proportional differences in pattern contrast. While proportional difference alone was not a significant predictor of female mate choice, discrimination based on proportional difference, coupled with absolute difference had a greater influence on female mate preference than absolute difference alone. </p> <p>Hence, our findings suggest that <em>S. semiglaucus</em> female preference for males with lower pattern contrast follows Weber's law, and female discrimination may have the potential to limit the exaggeration of sexually selected colour patterns. </p>
Citation graph of the Journal of Law and Society (1974-2022)
<p>This is a dump of Neo4J v4.4 graph data containing the citation graph of the Journal of Law and Society (1974-2022). It was generated by merging data from OpenAlex.org with data obtained by citation-mining. The graph model can be described as follows:</p> <pre><code>(:Author)-[:CREATOR_OF]->(:Work) (:Author)-[:AFFILIATED_WITH]-(:Institution) (:Work)-[:CITES]->(:Work) (:Work)-[:PUBLISHED_IN]->(:Venue)</code></pre> <p>Data on institutional affiliation is incomplete.</p>
Data from: An empirical test of Baker’s law: Dispersal favors increased rates of self-fertilization
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Data from: Female preference for males with lower pattern contrast follows Weber’s law of proportional processing in an ornate jumping spider
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Data from: Ecological tradeoffs drive a power-law relationship between group size and population density in social foragers
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Data from: Exploiting nozzle geometry to predict resolution in extrusion-based bioprinting: mathematical modelling of a power-law fluid
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Visual complexity of egg patterns predicts egg rejection according to Weber's law
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Data from: Biot-Savart law in the geometrical theory of dislocations
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Change in marsh surface elevation measured with a Surface Elevation Table (SET) at control plots in a Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh at Law's Point, Rowley River, Plum Island Ecosystem LTER, MA.
A Surface Elevation Table (SET) is used to measure changes in the elevation of the marsh platform at a Spartina alterniflora-dominated marsh on the Rowley River in the Plum Island Ecosystem (PIE) LTER site, MA.
Change in marsh surface elevation measured with a Surface Elevation Table (SET) at control plots in a Spartina patens-dominated salt marsh at Law's Point, Rowley River, Plum Island Ecosystem LTER, MA.
A Surface Elevation Table (SET) is used to measure changes in the elevation of the marsh platform at a Spartina patens-dominated marsh on the Rowley River in the Plum Island Ecosystem (PIE) LTER site, MA.
EU-member States Copyright Laws with Open Access Amendments
<p>This spreadsheet displays information on existing or scheduled copyright laws with an Open Access amendment in EU-member states. The information is generated from using the respective websites being mentioned in the sheet. </p> <p>Data collection, sharing, feedback and corrections:Information was initially collected in 2016 for Knowledge Exchange and the Dutch Library Consortium (UKB) and publicly shared in 2017; more information will continue to be added. The spreadsheet is open to corrections, additions and remarks from anyone. Use the comments function or approach the creator via twitter or email.</p> <p>Acknowledgements: Thanks to Knowledge Exchange OA expert group members for input</p>
Dataset used in the paper: "Scaling laws and dynamics of hashtags on Twitter"
<p>This dataset was used in the manuscript "Scaling laws and dynamics of hashtags on Twitter"..</p> <p>The Twitter data was obtained from a sample of 10% of all public tweets, provided by the Twitter streaming application programming interface. We extracted the hashtags from each tweet and counted how many times they were used in different time intervals. Time intervals of three different lengths were used: days, hours, and minutes. The tweets were published between November 1st 2015 and November 30th 2016, but not all time intervals between these dates are available.</p> <p>The <strong>four files</strong> in this dataset correspond each to one folder (collected using tar). Each folder contains compressed .csv files (compressed using gzip). The content of the .csv files in each folder are:</p> <p><em><strong>hashtags_frequency_day.tar</strong></em><br> Counts of hashtags in each day. The name of each file in the folder indicates the date (GMT). The entries in each file are the hashtag and the count in the interval.<br> <br> <em><strong>hashtags_frequency_hour.tar</strong></em><br> Counts of hashtags in each hour. The name of each file in the folder indicates the date (GMT). The entries in each file are the hashtag and the count in the interval.<br> <br> <em><strong>hashtags_frequency_minutes.tar</strong></em><br> Counts of hashtags in each minute. The name of each file in the folder indicates the date (GMT, only a fraction of all days is available). The entries in each file are the hashtag and the count in the interval.<br> <br> <em><strong>number_of_tweets.tar</strong></em><br> Counts of the number of tweets in each minute. The name of each file in the folder indicates the day. The entries in each file are the minute in the day (GMT) and count of tweets in our dataset.</p>
The Influence Law of Eccentric Load on the Performance of Yielding Bolt
<p>In order to adapt high stress and large deformation of roadways, the prestressed yielding bolt has been developed. However, borehole deviation makes the boreholes out of perpendicular to the roadway surface, and the prestressed yielding bolt will be under eccentric load. In order to reveal the influence laws of eccentric load on the performance of the prestressed yielding bolt, the numerical simulation was carried out in this paper. Then, the influence of eccentric load on displacement-load relations, use efficiency for the yielding pipe material, plastic strains of the bolt components, as well as the absorptive capacity of the yielding pipe, were analyzed. The results are as follows: (1). Eccentric loads affected use efficiency of the yielding pipe material, plastic strains of bolt components and the absorptive capacity to a certain degree at the stage of initial displacement, while these impacts could be neglected at the stage of the later displacement; (2) Eccentric load mainly affected the yielding pipe's displacement-load relations. As the eccentric load increased, the yielding point and its corresponding displacement increased linearly while the yielding amount decreased linearly; (3) The eccentric load could be adjusted to control the yielding point and amount in order to meet the roadway support's requirement for the yielding bolt.</p>
Pupillary responses obey Emmert's law and co-vary with autistic traits
<p>This dataset is reported in the manuscript published in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders</p>
Zipf's laws of meaning in Catalan Datasets
<p>This are the datasets referenced in the paper "Zipf’s laws of meaning in Catalan". The datasets are:</p> <p><strong>DIEC2_CTILC_senseCG</strong>. It contains the following information:</p> <ul> <li>lema: lemma in Catalan</li> <li>n_sentits: number of meanings for that lemma,</li> <li>freq: frequency for that lemma.</li> <li>rank of that lemma.</li> </ul> <p>Those lemmas are contained in both of the following corpuses:</p> <p>CTILC: https://ctilc.iec.cat.</p> <p>DIEC: Institut d’Estudis Catalans. <em>Diccionari de la llengua catalana</em> [en línia]. 2a ed. Barcelona: Edicions 62: Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2007. [1a ed., 1995] <<a href="https://dlc.iec.cat/">https://dlc.iec.cat/</a>> [Consulta: October 2020]</p> <p><strong>DIEC2_GLISSANDO_senseCG. </strong></p> <p>It contains the following information:</p> <ul> <li>lema: lemma in Catalan</li> <li>n_sentits: number of meanings for that lemma,</li> <li>freq: frequency for that lemma.</li> <li>rank of that lemma.</li> </ul> <p>Those lemmas are contained in both of the following corpuses:</p> <p>Glissando: http://catalog.elra.info/en-us/repository/browse/ELRA-S0407/</p> <p>DIEC: Institut d’Estudis Catalans. <em>Diccionari de la llengua catalana</em> [en línia]. 2a ed. Barcelona: Edicions 62: Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2007. [1a ed., 1995] <<a href="https://dlc.iec.cat/">https://dlc.iec.cat/</a>> [Consulta: October 2020]</p> <p> </p>
Statistical Laws of Protein Motion in Neuronal Dendritic Trees
<p>Across their dendritic trees, neurons distribute thousands of protein species that are necessary for maintaining synaptic function and plasticity and that need to be produced continuously and trafficked to their final destination. As each dendritic branchpoint splits the protein flow, increasing branchpoints decreases the total protein number downstream. Consequently, a neuron needs to produce more proteins to maintain a minimal protein number at distal synapses. Combining in vitro experiments and a theoretical framework, we show that proteins that diffuse within the cell plasma membrane are, on average, 35% more effective at reaching downstream locations than proteins that diffuse in the cytoplasm. This advantage emerges from a bias for forward motion at branchpoints when proteins diffuse within the plasma membrane. Using 3D electron microscopy (EM) data, we show that pyramidal branching statistics and the diffusion lengths of common proteins fall into a region that minimizes the overall protein need.</p>
Supplementary material for "A Partitioned Finite Element Method for power-preserving discretization of open systems of conservation laws"
<p>This archive contains supplementary material for the paper "A Partitioned Finite Element Method for power-preserving discretization of open systems of conservation laws", containing the source codes for the numerial results presented in the paper. An arXiv pre-print version of the paper is available <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.05965">here</a>.</p> <p>The following codes are provided:</p> <ul> <li> <p><code>codes/simulation1D_small.jl</code>: small amplitudes (linear) 1D simulation</p> </li> <li> <p><code>codes/simulation1D_large.jl</code>: large amplitudes (nonlinear) 1D simulation</p> </li> <li> <p><code>codes/simulation1D_analytical_gradient</code>: large amplitudes 1D simulation, but using an analytical nonlinear Hamiltonian gradient expression</p> </li> <li> <p><code>codes/simulation2D.jl</code>: large amplitudes (nonlinear) 2D simulation</p> </li> <li> <p><code>codes/convergence1D.jl</code>: convergence analysis of the 1D linear case</p> </li> <li> <p><code>codes/convergence2D.m</code>: convergence analysis of the 2D linear case</p> </li> </ul> <p>A GitHub with the codes and a few instructions on usage is available <a href="http://github.com/flavioluiz/PFEM-article-supplementary-material">here</a>.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p> <p>This work has been performed in the frame of the Collaborative Research DFG and ANR project INFIDHEM, entitled "Interconnected of Infinite-Dimensional systems for Heterogeneous Media", nº ANR-16-CE92-0028. Further information is available <a href="http://websites.isae-supaero.fr/infidhem/the-project">here</a>.</p>
Law Indexes: Maine
<p>As part of efforts to expand the Local Geohistory Project, which aims to educate users and disseminate information concerning the geographic history and structure of political subdivisions and local government, this repository has been created to disseminate law index data for the State of Maine. This index currently covers private and special laws only from 1820 through 1957.</p><p>Private and special laws concern one or several individuals, entities, or localities, unlike public or general laws, which apply to all similarly situated individuals, entities, and localities within a jurisdiction. Throughout New England, private and special laws were often the primary method used to alter municipal and county boundaries and forms of government.</p><p>The law index is released as a tab-separated values (TSV) file, <strong>output/MeLawIndex.tsv</strong>. The Detail column may contain additional Prefix information that is repeated from prior entries.</p><p>This repository does not contain the full text of the laws, nor does it currently contain links to the full text. Because the index was created using OCR technology, it may contain uncaptured errors.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.