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283 results for “low temperatures”
Phenotypic convergence in a natural Daphnia population acclimated to low temperature
<p>Fluidity of a given membrane decreases at lower ambient temperatures, whereas it rises at increasing temperatures, which is achieved through changes in membrane lipid composition. In consistence with homeoviscous adaptation theory, lower temperatures result in increased tissue concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in <i>D. magna</i>, suggesting a higher PUFA requirement at lower temperatures. However, so far homeoviscous adaptation has been suggested for single or geographically separated <i>Daphnia</i> genotypes only.</p> <p>Here we investigated changes in relative fatty acid (FA) tissue concentrations in response to a lower temperature (15°C) within a <i>D. magna </i>population. We determined juvenile growth rates (JGR) and FA patterns of 14 genotypes, that were grown on <i>Chlamydomonas klinobasis </i>at 15°C and 20°C. We report significant differences of JGR and the relative body content of various FAs between genotypes at either temperature and between temperatures.</p> <p>Based on slopes of reaction norms, we found genotype-specific changes in FA profiles between temperatures suggesting that genotypes have different strategies to cope with changing temperatures. In a hierarchical clustering analysis we grouped genotypes according to differences in direction and magnitude of changes in relative FA content, which resulted in three clusters of genotypes following different patterns of changes in FA composition. These patterns suggest a lower importance of the PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5ω3) than previously assumed. We calculated an unsaturation index (UI) as a proxy for membrane fluidity at 15°C, and we neither found significant differences for this UI nor for fitness, measured as JGR, between the three genotype clusters.</p> <p>We conclude that these three genotype clusters represent different physiological solutions to temperature changes by altering the relative share of different FAs, but that their phenotypes converge with respect to membrane fluidity and JGR. These clusters will be subjected to different degrees of PUFA-limitation when sharing the same diet.</p>
Single-crystal elasticity of phase E at high pressure and temperature: Implications for the low-velocity layer atop the 410-km depth
<p>This is the dataset for the paper "Single-crystal elasticity of phase E at high pressure and temperature: Implications for the low-velocity layer atop the 410-km depth".</p>
Thermal Equilibrium States and Timescales of Lunar Cold Traps via Low-Temperature Thermoluminescence
<p>This data set contains induced thermoluminescence glow curves following the irradiation with 90Sr beta particles, ranging in absored radiatoon doses of ~70 to 52,800 Gy.</p> <p>The glow curve data are compiled in one .csv file.</p> <p>The column headers indicate the temperature in Kelvin (K) at which the TL intensity (Int) was recorded and the absorbed dose in Gray (Gy).</p>
NMR data for "13C-Formate as an Indirect Low-Temperature 1H Lineshape Polarimeter"
<p>NMR data for "13C-Formate as an Indirect Low-Temperature 1H Lineshape Polarimeter".</p> <p>The data enclosed are either NMR data generated by the software TopSpin written by Burker BioSpin or raw text files.</p> <p>The scripts used to analyze the NMR data are available in a next upload.</p> <p>Please refer to the main text of the paper for more details.</p>
Mechanisms behind the low-cloud optical depth response to temperature in ARM site observations - datasets and scripts
<p>Datasets used in the analysis of the article Mechanisms behind the low-cloud optical depth response to temperature in ARM site observations, which was submitted to and subsequently published in Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmosphere. DOI: 10.1029/2018JD029359</p>
Li1.8Na0.2TiO3:Mn4+: the highly sensitive probe for the low-temperature lifetime-based luminescence thermometry
<p>Dataset accompanying figures published in the publication <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/3552659">https://zenodo.org/record/3552659</a>.</p> <p> </p>
Dataset for Low temperature electron spin resonance study of an MnPS3 antiferromagnetic single crystal
<p>This is a dataset for a paper "Low temperature electron spin resonance study of an MnPS3 antiferromagnetic single crystal". All details about the data are included in the readme file.</p>
Data related to: Fast low-temperature irradiation creep driven by athermal defect dynamics
<h2>Data set related to article "Fast low-temperature irradiation creep driven by athermal defect dynamics"</h2> <h2>Simulation data</h2> <h3>Molecular dynamics data</h3> <p>The molecular dynamics data is the output of simulations of single-crystal tungsten with periodic boundary conditions evolving under irradiation up to high dose (0.5 dpa). The simulations are performed under a constant externally applied stress, uniaxial to z-direction, and zero stress conditions otherwise. Simulations were performed for stresses of -1.0 GPa, -0.5 GPa, 0 GPa, 0.5 GPa, 1.0 GPa, 1.5 GPa, and 2.0 GPa. Each stress condition was simulated five times independently. Simulations were performed in <a href="https://www.lammps.org/">LAMMPS</a> (see below for the simulation script). Only every 100th frame in LAMMPS Dump format is uploaded here. A frame corresponds to a dose increment of approximately 0.0002 dpa, i.e. frame 1000 corresponds to a dose of approximately 0.2 dpa. The files are zipped. A finer resolution can be supplied upon request (up to every 5th frame).</p> <p>The zip archive naming convention is as follows:</p> <blockquote> <p>For example, archive "srim_neg1p0.zip" contains data of the 5 simulations for -1.0 GPa (='negative 1 point 0'), where snapshot "srim_neg1p0_2/srim_neg1p0_2.1300.dump" refers to independent simulation ID 2, frame 1300, i.e. at a dose of 0.26 dpa. </p> <p>"srim_pos0p5.zip" contains the 5 simulations for 0.5 GPa (='positive 0 point 5'), and so on.</p> </blockquote> <p>Archive "logfiles.zip" contains the simulation output information, containing stresses and box dimensions for every cascade iteration of each simulation. These can be used to generate the box eigenstrains. The columns are defined as follows:</p> <blockquote> <p>iteration number, dose (dpa), total potential energy (eV), pressure xx (bar), pressure yy (bar), pressure zz (bar), pressure xy (bar), pressure xz (bar), pressure yz (bar), simulation box width x (Å), simulation box width y (Å), simulation box width z (Å)</p> </blockquote> <p>The files contain a few lines labelled with "# restart", which marks points at which the simulation was terminated and then continued.</p> <p>Archive "md_eigenstrains.zip" contains the eigenstrain tensor components parallel and perpendicular to the uniaxial stress direction obtained directly from the MD simulations. The format is as follows:</p> <blockquote> <p>For example, files "eigenpara_pos0p5_0.dat" and "eigenperp_pos0p5_0" contain the MD eigenstrains parallel and perpendicular to the uniaxial loading direction of simulation "eigenpara_pos0p5_0", respectively. The first column is the NRT dose (dpa), and the second column is the eigenstrain value at this dose. The perpendicular eigenstrain is the average of the eigenstrain components xx and yy.</p> </blockquote> <h3>Molecular dynamics script</h3> <p>The LAMMPS script for performing high-dose collision cascade simulations is available at:</p> <p> <a href="https://github.com/mb4512/ezcascades/">https://github.com/mb4512/ezcascades</a></p> <p>The simulation input files required to replicate the molecular dynamics simulations of this work are supplied here. Archive "md_input_files.zip" contains simulation input files, specifying box dimensions, stress constraints, the interatomic potential, paths to simulation and scratch directories, and so on. For example, "srim_neg1p0_0.json" is the input file for the "srim_neg1p0_0" simulation.</p> <p>The interatomic potential "W_MNB_JPCM17.eam.fs" used here is the embedded atom method potential for tungsten developed by Mason et al: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/aa9776">10.1088/1361-648X/aa9776</a>, available at the <a href="https://www.ctcms.nist.gov/potentials/">NIST Interatomic Potentials Repository</a>.</p> <h3>Surrogate model data</h3> <p>Archive "eigenstrain_models.zip" contains the MLE model parameters for the eigenstrain surrogate models. The format is as follows:</p> <blockquote> <p>For example, files "eigenpara_neg0p5.log" and "eigenperp_neg0p5.log" contain the cubic spline knot points for the MLE model of eigenstrains parallel and perpendicular to the uniaxial loading direction at -0.5 GPa, respectively. The file contains columns labelled as x, y, and sigma, which correspond to dose (dpa), eigenstrain mean, and eigenstrain standard deviation, respectively. The spline boundary conditions are f(x = 0) = 0, f''(x = 0) = 0, and f'(x_end) = 0, where x_end is the final dose value in the list. The model is extrapolated for higher doses: f(x > x_end) = f(x_end).</p> <p>The log files also contain the covariance matrix of the eigenstrain mean values, from which model uncertainties can be derived.</p> </blockquote> <p>Archive "doseprofile.zip" contains the irradiation dose profile as generated using <a href="https://www.srim.org/">SRIM</a> data following the procedure described in the Supplemental Information. The content is as follows:</p> <blockquote> <p>Files "vacgrid_x_8micro_HR.dat", "vacgrid_y_8micro_HR.dat" contain the x and y coordinates of the 2 dimensional grid, respectively. File "vacgrid_z_8micro_HR.dat" contains a list of dose values (in arbitrary units). The values are ordered consistently, that is, the n-th values of each file give the matching tuple (x, y, dose(x,y)).</p> </blockquote> <p> </p>
Dataset for "Early Jurassic rift-related low-pressure-high–temperature granulite facies metamorphism generates widespread peraluminous crustal melts"
<p>This repository contains data for the manuscript "Early Jurassic rift-related low-pressure-high–temperature granulite facies metamorphism generates widespread peraluminous crustal melts" by Anthony Ramírez-Salazar, Mattia Parolari, Arturo Gómez-Tuena, Fernando Ortega-Gutiérrez, and Mariano Elías-Herrera submitted for publication to Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystem.</p> <p>The file contains geochemical, isotopic and geochronological data collected from the metapelitic xenoliths of Pepechuca, southern Mexico. All xenoliths were collected between the coordinates 18° 47´ 17.36´´N, 100° 04´ 07.92´´W and 18° 47´ 12.47´´N, 100° 04´ 05.00´´W. The dataset is divided in four tables:</p> <p>Table S1 Xenoliths' Bulk rock major elements<br>Table S2 Xenoliths' trace elements<br>Table S3 Xenoliths' Sr, Nd, Hf and Pb isotopic compositions<br>Table S4 U-Pb and trace element data of the xenoliths</p> <p><br>Anthony Ramírez-Salazar. e-mail: r.s.anthonyy@gmail.com; anthony@geologia.unam.mx</p>
Higher spring phenological sensitivity to forcing temperatures of Asian compared to European tree species under low and high pre-chilling conditions Datasets
<p>Winter chilling, spring forcing temperature and photoperiod are the most important drivers explaining the spatial and temporal variability of spring phenology in temperate trees. However, how these factors interact with each other on dormancy release and spring budburst date remains unclear and varies greatly depending on species. Our knowledge is also limited as to whether heat accumulation of forcing temperatures that trigger bud break in spring is a linear or non-linear process. Here, we aimed at experimentally quantifying the effect of chilling, forcing, photoperiod and their interactions on the budburst dates of nine different temperate tree species from East Asia (near Beijing, China) and Central Europe (near Zurich, Switzerland), including six phylogenetically related species (same genus). We conducted a full factorial experiment in climate chambers using two chilling (low and high, i.e., 0 vs. 56 days at 2C after sampling at the end of December), four forcing (5, 10, 15, and 20C), and two photoperiod (8 vs. 16 h) treatments simultaneously in Beijing and Zurich. We found that species growing near Beijing responded more readily to forcing conditions than species of the same genus growing near Zurich regardless of chilling treatment. Budburst timing of most species but European beech was marginally, if at all, affected by photoperiod. Furthermore, our results suggest that linear heat accumulation, as commonly used with the growing degree hours (GDH) model, could result in accurate prediction of budburst date depending on the temperature threshold used as a basis for heat accumulation. Our results also demonstrate the important role of chilling in shaping the sensitivity and rate of forcing accumulation to trigger budburst and suggest that species-specific sigmoid relationship for accumulating heat that accounts for prior chilling exposure may yield better predictions of budburst dates. Our results suggest that deciduous trees may have adapted their chilling and forcing requirements in regards to the predictability of winter-spring transition and late spring frosts. A less predictable winter-spring transition, as observed in Central Europe, could have driven species evolution towards higher chilling and forcing requirements compared to species growing in a more predictable climate of Northeastern Asia. Our cross-continental experiment therefore suggests that the spring phenology of East Asian species is tighter coupled to spring forcing temperature than Central European forests.</p>
Low-temperature nights delay the timing of breeding in a wild songbird
<p>Global climate change has posed widespread challenges to the ecological process critical to the fitness of many wild organisms, such as reproductive phenology. Many bird species have advanced their reproductive phenology in response to the increases in spring temperatures. However, the mechanism of how climate influences the timing of breeding is still often unclear in many species. We explored the relationship between the timing of breeding and spring temperatures based on 14 years of data on Hair-Crested Drongos (<em>Dicrurus hottentottus</em>) in the wild. By applying a 'sliding window' approach, we aimed to identify the time window and weather variable that best explains the timing of breeding at both population and individual levels. We found that the more nights with a minimum temperature below 17<span>℃</span>, around three weeks earlier than the peak reproduction, delayed the breeding time. Low night temperatures may force females to allocate more energy to thermoregulation and therefore physiologically constrain egg-laying. Although annual minimum and maximum temperatures have increased over the study period, the timing of breeding showed no trend as there was no change in the number of low-temperature nights in the relevant period across years. The repeatability of the laying date for individual females (R = 0.211) and across the years (R = 0.270) were low indicating that Drongos were flexible in adjusting their breeding phenology to environmental variation. These results suggest an effect of low night temperature on avian breeding phenology. This effect may apply commonly across bird species considering shared physiological constraints.</p>
Efficacy of low temperature plasma in eliminating fungi and aflatoxins - data set
<p>Set of data generated during the experimental runs</p>
Supporting information for "Kinetics of CN(v=1) reactions with butadiene isomers at low temperature by cw-Cavity Ringdown in a pulsed Laval flow with theoretical modelling of rates and entrance channel branching
<p>This file contains the master equation inputs for all the reactions studied, as well as all the details on stationary points and VRC-TST fluxes necessary to reproduce the simulations. </p>
Data for New cold-adapted bacteria for efficient hydrolysis of feather waste at low temperature paper
<p>A novel cold-adapted bacteria <em>Arthrobacter oryzae</em> BIM B-1663 isolated from Antarctic green snow showed keratinase activity and efficient poultry feather degradation. <em>A. oryzae</em> strain degraded more than 80% of chicken feathers within 7 days of cultivation at 25°C. The optimal keratinase activity for <em>A. oryzae</em> BIM B-1663 was observed at 50°C, both for α-keratin (44.86 U/mL) and for β-keratin (94 mU/mL). The obtained results from sulfite and thiol groups tests and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that <em>A. oryzae</em> strain has a different keratin degradation mechanism than the reference strain <em>Bacillus</em> <em>licheniformis</em> CCM 2145<sup>T</sup>. FTIR fingerprinting can be used for monitoring of feather hydrolysis as it showed distinct chemical differences in feather meal hydrolysates, retentate and permeate from <em>A. oryzae</em> and <em>B.</em> <em>licheniformis</em> strains. </p>
Cold comfort: metabolic rate and tolerance to low temperatures predict latitudinal distribution in ants
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Metabolic compensation has been proposed as a mean for ectotherms to cope with colder climates. For example, under the metabolic cold adaptation and the metabolic homeostasis hypotheses (MCA and MHH), it has been formulated that cold-adapted ectotherms should display both higher (MCA) and more thermally sensitive (MHH) metabolic rates (MRs) at lower temperatures. However, whether such compensation can truly be associated with distribution, and whether it interplays with cold-tolerance to support species' climatic niches, remains largely unclear despite broad ecological implications thereof. Here, we teased apart the relationship between MRs, cold-tolerance, and distribution, to test the MCA/MHH among 13 ant species. We report clear metabolic compensation effects, consistent with the MCA and MHH, where MR parameters strongly correlated with latitude and climatic factors across species' distributions. The combination of both cold-tolerance and MR further upheld the best predictions of species' climatic niches. To our knowledge, this is the first study showing that the association of metabolic data with cold-tolerance supports better predictive models of climatic temperature and distribution in social insects than models including cold-tolerance alone. </span><span>These results also highlight that adaptation to higher latitudes in ants involved adjustments of both cold-tolerance and MRs, <span>to</span><span> </span>allow this extremely successful group of insects to thrive under colder climates. </span></p>
Raw Data From: "Investigating the crystallinity of hard candies prepared and stored at different temperatures with low field-NMR relaxometry"
<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this study, hard candies were produced by using sucrose, glucose syrup and water. They were cooked at different temperatures, changing from 135 to 145 °C with an interval of 2.5 °C. They were stored at different storage temperatures, which were 25, 4, -18 and -80 °C. Hard candies placed at room temperature were stored for 2 months. In order to understand the crystallization characteristics of the hard candies, time domain (TD) proton nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>1</sup>H-NMR) parameters of longitudinal relaxation time (T<sub>1</sub>) and second moment (M<sub>2</sub>) measurements were conducted. Moisture contents of the hard candies were determined by Karl-Fischer titration. X-ray diffraction experiments were also conducted as the complementary analysis.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Increasing cooking temperature increased the crystallinity and decreased the moisture content of the hard candies significantly (P ≤0.05). Furthermore, storage temperature and storage time had significant effects on the crystallinity of the hard candies (P ≤0.05). The results of T<sub>1</sub> and M<sub>2</sub> correlated with each other (r > 0.8, P ≤ 0.5) and both produced the highest value at the cooking temperature of 145 °C and storage temperature of 4 °C (P ≤ 0.05). The values of T<sub>1</sub> and M<sub>2</sub> were obtained as 245.9 ms and 13.0 × 10<sup>-8</sup> Hz<sup>2</sup>, respectively, for the cooking temperature of 145 °C and storage temperature of 4 °C.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated that the crystallinity of hard candies can be observed and examined by TD-NMR relaxometry, as an alternative to commonly used methods. © 2024 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.</p>
Ice gliding diatoms establish record-low temperature limits for motility in a eukaryotic cell
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Invasive widow spiders perform differently at low temperatures than conspecifics from the native range
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Cold comfort: metabolic rate and tolerance to low temperatures predict latitudinal distribution in ants
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Low-temperature nights delay the timing of breeding in a wild songbird
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.