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FIGURE 15. a – d in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 15. a – d: Drilliola loprestiana (Calcara, 1841), sample BC 05, scale bars: 1 mm (a), 0.5 mm (b – c, protoconch), 0.1 mm (d, PI detail); e – h: Mangelia nuperrima (Tiberi, 1855), samples BC 05 (e) and BC 72 (f – h), scale bars: 2 mm (e), 0.5 mm (f – g, protoconch), 0.1 mm (h, PI detail); i: Mangelia serga (Dall, 1881), sample BC 72, scale bar 2 mm; j – l: Pleurotomella eurybrocha (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896), sample BC 21, scale bars: 0.5 mm (j), 0.2 mm (k – l, protoconch); m – p: Teretia teres (Reeve, 1844), sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (m), 0.2 mm (n – o, protoconch), 0.1 mm (p, PI detail); q – t: Pleurotomella demosia (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896), sample BC 71, scale bars: 2 mm (q), 0.2 mm (r – s, protoconch), 0.1 mm (t, PI detail).
FIGURE 14. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 14. a – c: Pagodula echinata (Kiener, 1840), sample BC 72, scale bars: 5 mm (a), 0.5 mm (b – c, protoconch); d – g: Nassarius lima (Dillwyn, 1817), sample BC 72, scale bars: 5 mm (d), 1 mm (e, juvenile), 0.5 mm (f – g, protoconch); h – j: Amphissa acutecostata (Philippi, 1844), sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (h), 0.5 mm (i – j, protoconch); k – m: Fusinus rostratus (Olivi, 1792), sample BC 72, scale bars: 5 mm (k), 0.5 mm (l – m, protoconch); n – p: Drilliola emendata (Monterosato, 1872), sample BC 67, scale bars: 2 mm (n), 0.5 mm (o – p, protoconch).
FIGURE 12. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 12. a – c: Anatoma aspera (Philippi, 1844), sample BC 71, scale bars: 1 mm (a – b), 0.1 mm (c, protoconch); d: Danilia tinei (Calcara, 1839), sample BC 72, scale bar 5 mm; e – g: Cirsonella romettensis (Granata – Grillo, 1877), sample BC 67, scale bars: 1 mm (e – f), 0.1 mm (g, protoconch); h – j: Putzeysia wiseri (Calcara, 1842), sample BC 66, scale bars: 2 mm (h), 0.2 mm (i – j, protoconch); k – m: Mikro? sp., sample BC 52, scale bars: 0.2 mm (k – l), 0.1 mm (m, protoconch); n – p: Adeuomphalus densicostatus (Jeffreys, 1884), sample BC 72, scale bars: 0.2 mm (n – o), 0.1 mm (p, protoconch).
FIGURE 11. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 11. a – c: Antalis agilis (Sars M. in Sars G. O., 1872), samples BC 04 (a) and BC 72 (b – c), scale bars: 5 mm (a), 0.2 mm (b, posterior aperture), 1 mm (c, anterior aperture); d – f: Entalina tetragona (Brocchi, 1814), sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (d), 0.1 mm (e, posterior aperture), 0.5 mm (f, anterior aperture); g: Cadulus subfusiformis (Sars M., 1865), sample BC 52, scale bar 0.5 mm; h – k: Propilidium exiguum (Thompson, 1844), sample BC 66, scale bars: 1 mm (h – i), 0.1 mm (j – k, protoconch); l – n: Emarginula adriatica (Costa O. G., 1830), sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (l – m), 0.1 mm (n, protoconch); o – q: Emarginula multistriata Jeffreys, 1882, sample BC 70, scale bars: 1 mm (o – p), 0.1 mm (q, protoconch); r – t: Emarginula tenera Locard, 1982, sample BC 71, scale bars: 1 mm (r – s), 0.1 mm (t, protoconch).
FIGURE 10. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 10. a – c: Allogramma formosa (Jeffreys, 1882); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (a – b), 0.1 mm (c, prodissoconch); d – e: Poromya granulata (Nyst & Westendorp, 1839); LV, sample BC 72, scale bar 1 mm; f – h: Cuspidaria lamellosa (Sars G. O. ex Sars M., 1872); RV (f, h) and LV (g), sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (f – g), 0.1 mm (h, prodissoconch); i – k: Cuspidaria rostrata (Spengler, 1793); RV, samples BC 66 (i – j) and BC 72 (k), scale bars: 5 mm (i – j), 0.1 mm (k, prodissoconch); l – n: Tropidomya abbreviata (Forbes, 1843); LV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 5 mm (m), 2 mm (l, juvenile), 0.1 mm (n, prodissoconch); o – q: Cardiomya costellata (Deshayes, 1835); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars 2 mm (o – p), 0.1 mm (q, prodissoconch).
FIGURE 9. a – d in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 9. a – d: Kelliella miliaris (Philippi, 1844); RV (a, c) and LV (b, d), sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (a – c), 0.1 mm (d, prodissoconch); e – f: Hiatella arctica (Linnaeus, 1767); RV, sample BC 70, scale bar 5 mm; g – i: Xylophaga dorsalis (Turton, 1819); RV, samples BC 66 (h – i) and BC 72 (g), scale bars: 0.5 mm (g – h), 0.1 mm (i, prodissoconch); j – l: Panacca loveni (Jeffreys, 1882); LV, samples BC 70 (j – k) and BC 05 (l), scale bars 10 mm (j – k), 0.1 mm (l, prodissoconch); m – o: Panacca? sp.; RV (m, n) and LV (o), sample BC 72, scale bars: 5 mm (m – n), 0.1 mm (o, prodissoconch; the arrow points at the ventral sinuation).
FIGURE 8. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 8. a – c: Montacuta substriata (Montagu, 1808); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (a – b), 0.1 mm (c, prodissoconch); d – f: Tellimya tenella (Lovén, 1846); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (d – e), 0.1 mm (f, prodissoconch); g – i: Kurtiella cf. tumidula (Jeffreys, 1866); RV, sample BC 67, scale bars: 0.5 mm (g – h), 0.1 mm (i, prodissoconch); j – m: Parvicardium minimum (Philippi, 1836); RV (j, m) and LV (k), sample BC 71, scale bars: 1 mm (j – k), 0.1 mm (l, prodissoconch), 0.02 mm (m, P – 1 detail); n – p: Abra longicallus (Scacchi, 1835); LV, sample BC 70, scale bars: 5 mm (n – o), 0.1 mm (p, prodissoconch).
FIGURE 3. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 3. a – c: Yoldiella nana (Sars M., 1865); RV (b, c) and LV (a), sample BC 72, scale bars: 0.5 mm (a – b), 0.1 mm (c, prodissoconch); d – f: Yoldiella philippiana (Nyst, 1844); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (d – e), 0.1 mm (f, prodissoconch); g – i: Yoldiella striolata (Brugnone, 1876); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (g – h), 0.1 mm (i, prodissoconch); j – m: Asperarca nodulosa (Müller, 1776); LV, sample BC 11, scale bars: 5 mm (j – k), 1 mm (l, juvenile), 0.1 mm (m, prodissoconch).
FIGURE 7. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 7. a – c: Axinulus alleni (Carrozza, 1981); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (a – b), 0.1 mm (c, prodissoconch); d – f: Thyasira flexuosa (Montagu, 1803); RV (e, f) and LV (d), sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (d – e), 0.1 mm (f, prodissoconch); g – i: Genaxinus eumyarius (Sars M., 1870); RV (h, i) and LV (g), sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (g – h), 0.1 mm (I, prodissoconch); j – l: Leptaxinus subovatus (Jeffreys, 1881); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (j – k), 0.1 mm (l, prodissoconch); m – o: Mendicula ferruginosa (Forbes, 1844); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (m – n), 0.1 mm (o, prodissoconch).
FIGURE 2. a – b in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 2. a – b: Nucula sulcata Bronn, 1831; RV, sample BC 06, scale bar: 5 mm; c – e: Ennucula aegeensis (Forbes, 1844); RV (c, e) and LV (d), sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (c – d), 0.1 mm (e, prodissoconch); f – h: Ledella messanensis (Jeffreys, 1870); LV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (f – g), 0.1 mm (h, prodissoconch); i – k: Malletia obtusa (Sars M. in Sars G. O., 1872); RV (j, k) and LV (i), samples BC 72 (i) and BC 71 (j – k), scale bars: 2 mm (i – j), 0.1 mm (k, prodissoconch); l – n: Pristigloma minima (Seguenza, 1877); RV (m) and LV (l, n), sample BC 72, scale bars: 0.5 mm (l – m), 0.1 mm (n, prodissoconch); o – q: Yoldiella lucida (Lovén, 1846); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (o – p), 0.1 mm (q, prodissoconch).
FIGURE 6. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 6. a – c: Spondylus gussonii Costa, 1830; LV, samples BC 11 (a – b) and BC 71 (c), scale bars: 5 mm (a – b), 0.1 mm (c, prodissoconch); d – g: Heteranomia squamula (Linnaeus, 1758); LV, samples BC 11 (d – e) and BC 72 (f – g), scale bars: 5 mm (d – e), 0.5 mm (f, juvenile), 0.1 mm (g, prodissoconch); h – j: Limaria loscombi (Sowerby G. B. I, 1823); RV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 2 mm (h – i), 0.1 mm (j, prodissoconch); k – m: Limatula subauriculata Montagu, 1808; RV (k, m) and LV (l), samples BC 71 (k, m) and BC 72 (l), scale bars: 1 mm (k – l), 0.1 mm (m, prodissoconch); n – p: Limea crassa (Forbes, 1844); RV (o) and LV (n, p), samples BC 71 (n, p) and BC 72 (o), scale bars: 1 mm (n – o), 0.1 mm (p, prodissoconch).
FIGURE 5. a – d in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 5. a – d: Delectopecten vitreus (Gmelin, 1791); RV (a, c, d) and LV (b), sample BC 72, scale bars: 5 mm (a – b), 1 mm (c, juvenile), 0.1 mm (d, prodissoconch); e – g: Parvamussium fenestratum (Forbes, 1844); LV, samples BC 70 (e – f) and BC 72 (g), scale bars: 5 mm (e – f), 0.1 mm (g, prodissoconch); h – l: Cyclopecten hoskynsi (Forbes, 1844); RV (h, i, l) and LV (j, k), sample BC 72, scale bars: 5 mm (h – k), 0.1 mm (l, prodissoconch); m – o: Similipecten similis (Laskey, 1811); RV (n, o) and LV (m), sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (m – n), 0.05 mm (o, prodissoconch).
FIGURE 4. a – c in Bathyal Mollusca from the cold-water coral biotope of Santa Maria di Leuca (Apulian margin, southern Italy)
FIGURE 4. a – c: Bathyarca pectunculoides (Scacchi, 1835); RV (a, b) and LV (c), sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (a – b), 0.1 mm (c, prodissoconch); d – f: Bathyarca philippiana (Nyst, 1848); LV, sample BC 04, scale bars: 2 mm (d – e), 0.1 mm (f, prodissoconch); g – i: Dacrydium hyalinum (Monterosato, 1875); LV, sample BC 72, scale bars: 1 mm (g – h), 0.1 mm (i, prodissoconch); j – m: Pseudamussium peslutrae? (Linnaeus, 1771); LV, sample BC 67, scale bars: 2 mm (j – k), 0.1 mm (l, prodissoconch), 0.05 mm (m, P – 1 detail); n – q: Karnekampia sulcata (Müller, 1776); RV (o – q) and LV (n), sample BC 72, scale bars: 5 mm (n – p), 0.1 mm (q, prodissoconch).
Data from: High temperatures and low soil moisture synergistically reduce switchgrass yields from marginal field sites and inhibit fermentation
<p>'Marginal lands' are low productivity sites abandoned from agriculture for reasons such as low or high soil water content, challenging topography, or nutrient deficiency. To avoid competition with crop production, cellulosic bioenergy crops have been proposed for cultivation on marginal lands, however on these sites they may be more strongly affected by environmental stresses such as low soil water content. In this study we used rainout shelters to induce low soil moisture on marginal lands and determine the effect of soil water stress on switchgrass growth and the subsequent production of bioethanol. Five marginal land sites that span a latitudinal gradient in Michigan and Wisconsin were planted to switchgrass in 2013 and during the 2018-2021 growing seasons were exposed to reduced precipitation under rainout shelters in comparison to ambient precipitation. The effect of reduced precipitation was related to the environmental conditions at each site and biofuel production metrics (switchgrass biomass yields and composition and ethanol production). During the first year (2018), the rainout shelters were designed with 60% rain exclusion, which did not affect biomass yields compared to ambient conditions at any of the field sites, but decreased switchgrass fermentability at the Wisconsin Central - Hancock site. In subsequent years, the shelters were redesigned to fully exclude rainfall, which led to reduced biomass yields and inhibited fermentation for three sites. When switchgrass was grown in soils with large reductions in moisture and increases in temperature, the potential for biofuel production was significantly reduced, exposing some of the challenges associated with producing biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass grown under drought conditions.</p>
Text-fig. 9. Miscellaneous leaves. a: Leaf of Anacardiaceae, UAPC-ALTA S 59513. b: Sapindaceous leaf, BBM-PAL-P000046. c: Twig with compound leaves of Averrhoites affinis, UAPC-ALTA S 67694. d, e: cf. Morus. Finely serrate leaf with actinodromous venation, prominent agrophic veins and strongly percurrent tertiary veins, UAPC-ALTA S 67695. f: Leaf with strongly apically arched upper pairs of secondary veins and entire margins, UAPC-ALTA S 59504. g: Compound leaf, UAPC-ALTA S 59504A. h: Detail of (g) showing one leaflet. i: Incomplete basal part of a lamina with rounded base and entire margin, UAPC-ALTA S 6565. j: Compound leaf with leaflets sessile on a stout rachis, UAPC-ALTA sn. Scale bars: a, c, d, i = 2 cm, b, e–h, j = 1 cm. in The Early Eocene Flora Of Horsefly, British Columbia, Canada And Its Phytogeographic Significance
Text-fig. 9. Miscellaneous leaves. a: Leaf of Anacardiaceae, UAPC-ALTA S 59513. b: Sapindaceous leaf, BBM-PAL-P000046. c: Twig with compound leaves of Averrhoites affinis, UAPC-ALTA S 67694. d, e: cf. Morus. Finely serrate leaf with actinodromous venation, prominent agrophic veins and strongly percurrent tertiary veins, UAPC-ALTA S 67695. f: Leaf with strongly apically arched upper pairs of secondary veins and entire margins, UAPC-ALTA S 59504. g: Compound leaf, UAPC-ALTA S 59504A. h: Detail of (g) showing one leaflet. i: Incomplete basal part of a lamina with rounded base and entire margin, UAPC-ALTA S 6565. j: Compound leaf with leaflets sessile on a stout rachis, UAPC-ALTA sn. Scale bars: a, c, d, i = 2 cm, b, e–h, j = 1 cm.
Text-fig. 4. Monocots. a, b: Large monocot leaf part and counterpart, UAPC-ALTA S 17955A, B. a: Wide leaf showing entire margin at left. b: Counterpart showing dark wide midrib, and and secondaries parallel to one another, arising at low acute angle. c–e: Monocot leaf with parallel venation. c: Overview of elongate monocot leaf with parallel veins horizontal and linear to oval structures and smaller leaf fragment of same type lacking them (at lower right), UAPC-ALTA S 59491. d: Higher magnification of the smaller fragment with weak cross veins. e: Higher magnification of larger specimen with linear to oval structures between parallel veins. f, g: Monocot leaf with parallel venation. Fig. (f) shows higher magnification and (g) shows overview, BBM-PAL-P000009. Scale bars: a, b = 5 cm, c = 4 cm, d–f = 1 cm, g = 2 cm. in The Early Eocene Flora Of Horsefly, British Columbia, Canada And Its Phytogeographic Significance
Text-fig. 4. Monocots. a, b: Large monocot leaf part and counterpart, UAPC-ALTA S 17955A, B. a: Wide leaf showing entire margin at left. b: Counterpart showing dark wide midrib, and and secondaries parallel to one another, arising at low acute angle. c–e: Monocot leaf with parallel venation. c: Overview of elongate monocot leaf with parallel veins horizontal and linear to oval structures and smaller leaf fragment of same type lacking them (at lower right), UAPC-ALTA S 59491. d: Higher magnification of the smaller fragment with weak cross veins. e: Higher magnification of larger specimen with linear to oval structures between parallel veins. f, g: Monocot leaf with parallel venation. Fig. (f) shows higher magnification and (g) shows overview, BBM-PAL-P000009. Scale bars: a, b = 5 cm, c = 4 cm, d–f = 1 cm, g = 2 cm.
Auxiliary data release for "Fast marginalization algorithm for optimizing gravitational wave detection, parameter estimation and sky localization"
<p>This release contains parameter estimation runs on synthetic injections, described in https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.02435 .</p> <p>Important note: The posterior samples provided are weighted, the weights are stored in a column named 'weights' . </p>
FIGURE 12 in Taphonomy of an Eocene micromammal assemblage in a lake-margin depositional setting elucidates an ancient food web
FIGURE 12. Scanning electron micrographs of associated near complete lower right dentition (M67678) of the omomyid Microchoerus erinaceus from bed TB33, How Ledge Limestone, SW Headon Hill, showing crowns with group 4 etching and post-voiding scavenging bite and gnaw marks. A, H, J, P4; B, G, P3; C, F, canine; D, E, I, I1; K, M3; L, M2. Views are: buccal (A-D), mesial (E, I), lingual (F-H), and occlusal (J-L). C shows gnaw marks on the ventral edge of the root of the canine; I shows an enlarged ventral portion of the root of I1 (E shows the whole tooth), with a bite mark on the side and parallel gnaw marks on the medioventral edge. The horizontal crease on the buccal enamel wall of P3 (B) is a developmental pathology. Scale bar equals 0.5 mm for I, 1 mm for the rest.
FIGURE 10 in Taphonomy of an Eocene micromammal assemblage in a lake-margin depositional setting elucidates an ancient food web
FIGURE 10. Dimensions of the long (L) and short (W) axes in millimetres of the seven oval puncture marks on fossil theridomyid bones from bed TB33, How Ledge Limestone, compared with the means with one standard deviation of those on fossil theridomyid bones from bed O3, Osborne Member (from Vasileiadou et al., 2009), of those made by jackals (Canis aureus) on modern ungulate bones (from Dominguez-Rodrigo and Piqueras, 2003) and of those made by leopards (Panthera pardus) on fossil bones of mammals of 4.5-104 kg weight (from Pickering et al., 2004). 1, M67679; 2, M62154.
FIGURE 9 in Taphonomy of an Eocene micromammal assemblage in a lake-margin depositional setting elucidates an ancient food web
FIGURE 9. Scanning electron micrographs of teeth of the carnivoran Paramiacis sp. and puncture marks on theridomyid bones from bed TB33, How Ledge Limestone, SW Headon Hill. A, two puncture marks on distal right tibia (M67679) of Thalerimys fordi; B, enlarged detail of A, the large puncture mark (a) and small puncture mark (b) labelled; C, puncture mark on?Thalerimys distal metapodial (M62154); D, right M1 (carnassial) (M67697) of Paramiacis sp., in occlusal view; E, left P3 (M67697) of Paramiacis sp.; F, puncture mark on?Thalerimys proximal metapodial (M62171); G, enlarged detail of F; H, puncture mark on?Thalerimys phalanx 2 (M62253); I, enlarged detail of H. Scale bars equal 1 mm for A-F, H and 0.2 mm for G and I.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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