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256 results for “mass effects”
Mass ratio effects underlie ecosystem responses to environmental change
1. Random species loss has been shown experimentally to reduce ecosystem function, sometimes more than other anthropogenic environmental changes. Yet, controversy surrounds the importance of this finding for natural systems where species loss is non-random. 2. We compiled data from 16 multi-year experiments located at a single site in native tallgrass prairie. These experiments included responses to 11 anthropogenic environmental changes, as well as non-random biodiversity loss - either the removal of uncommon/rare plant species or the most common (dominant) species. 3. As predicted by the mass ratio hypothesis, loss of a dominant species had large impacts on productivity that were comparable to other anthropogenic drivers. In contrast, the loss of uncommon/rare species had small effects on productivity despite having the largest effects on species richness. 4. The anthropogenic drivers that had the largest effects on productivity – nitrogen, irrigation, and fire – experienced not only loss of species but also significant changes in the abundance and identity of dominant species. 5. Synthesis. These results suggest that mass ratio effects rather than species loss per se is an important determinant of ecosystem function with environmental change.
Effects of multiple types' ecological factors on the body mass of small rodents in a forest ecosystem
<p><span>The body mass of animals is directly or indirectly affected by multiple ecological factors. However, the effects of ecological factors on body mass are controversial, and a comprehensive study dealing with diverse ecological factors is rare. This study was performed to determine the effects of ecological factors on the body mass of small rodents in a </span><span>natural deciduous forest</span><span> located on</span><span> Mt. Gariwang, </span><span>Pyeongchang, and Jeongseon, South Korea from May 2019 to October 2020. We classified ecological factors into topographic, climatic, cover, and demographic factors. T</span><span>hree forest-dwelling small rodent species, striped field mouse (<em>Apodemus agrarius</em>), Korean field mouse (<em>A. peninsulae</em>), and red-backed vole (<em>Myodes regulus</em>), were captured using </span><span>the capture-mark-recapture method</span><span>. The findings showed that the b</span><span>ody mass of three rodent species was not regulated by topographic factors. In addition, a high ambient temperature resulted in a heavy body mass for <em>A. agrarius</em> and <em>A. peninsulae</em>, and the <em>A. agrarius</em> body mass was negatively affected by extreme rainfall. The body mass of each rodent species had a specific response to the cover factors: ground vegetation, understory vegetation, or downed trees. The three species showed sexual dimorphism and two <em>Apodemus</em> species competed with each other. This study reveals that ecological factors affecting body mass differ among species. </span><span>Our findings contribute to enhancing the understanding of variation in the body mass of animals, particularly small rodents, in response to diverse ecological factors.</span></p>
Effect of temperature on the post-diapause development rate, survival, and body mass of the solitary wasp Isodontia elegans
<p>We examined the relationship of post-diapause rearing temperature to developmental rate, survival, and adult body mass of the solitary wasp <em>Isodontia</em> <em>elegans</em> using prepupae from trap-nests. <em>Isodontia</em> <em>elegans</em> is a member of a genus often found in trap-nests in North America and Europe. Trap-nests are commonly used tools for studying cavity-nesting solitary wasps and bees. In temperate zones, progeny in nests usually overwinter as fully prepupae before pupating and emerging as adults. An important aspect of properly using trap-nests is determining temperatures that affect survival and health of developing offspring. After overwintering >600 cocoons containing prepupae after the summers of 2015 and 2016, we placed cocoons on a laboratory thermal gradient where offspring experienced one of 19 constant temperatures from 643°C; emergence of adults was monitored for 100 days. Our conservative estimate for the critical thermal minimum for development is 14°C, whereas that for the critical maximum is ~33°C. Prepupae transitioned to adults most rapidly at 29–33°C, but developmental rate was lower for some progeny exposed to temperatures ≥30°C. Offspring successfully reached the adult stage in <100 days at of temperatures of ~19–33°C. Adults from cocoons reared at lower temperatures weighed on average 6-10% more than expected based on their head widths, whereas those reared at higher temperatures weighed 4–10% less than expected. The difference may be due to greater rates of water loss and lipid metabolism during development at higher temperatures. Pre-overwintering cocoon mass was a significant predictor of relative adult body mass, indicating that adult health is partly related to their condition before overwintering. The trends we observed were similar to those for the bee <em>Megachile</em> <em>rotundata</em>, which we previously studied on the same gradient apparatus. However, data are needed on many other species of wasps and bees from a diversity of environments. </p>
The Effect of Protein and Resistance Training on Muscle Mass in Acutely Ill Old Medical Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02077491. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of Microvesicles and Exosomes Therapy on β-cell Mass in Type I Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02138331. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
The Effects of Heavier- and Lighter-load Resistance Training on Arm and Leg Muscle Mass in Young Adult Women
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04547972. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
NUTRALYS® Pea Protein Oral Supplementation Effects on Muscle Mass
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02128516. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effects of Unloading on Muscle Mass
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00936039. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Ultra-Processed Foods and Appetite Regulation: Acute Effects Across Body Mass Index Categories
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06798220. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Effect of Oral Glutamine on Muscle Mass and Function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00296621. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
The Effect of Dairy on Bone Mass and Body Composition in 4th-8th Grade Boys and Girls
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00635583. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effects of Protein Supplementation on Lean Body Mass Recovery From Extreme Military Training
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02057094. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
The Effects of HMB, ATP, and HMB Plus ATP on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Power in Resistance Trained Athletes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01508338. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of a Natural Source Supplementation on Muscle Mass
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05369026. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effectiveness of a Modified Cost-Effective Dietary Plan in Promoting Weight Loss and Preservation of Lean Body Mass in Patients After Bariatric Surgery
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07111767. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effect of Body Mass on Filgrastim Pharmacokinetics
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01719432. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effects of Shoe Cushioning and Body Mass on Injury Risk in Running
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03115437. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
Effects of Mass Drug Administration of Azithromycin on Mortality and Other Outcomes Among 1-11 Month Old Infants in Mali
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04424511. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
The Effect of a Bifidobacterium and Polydextrose on Body Fat Mass
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01978691. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Effects of a Lifestyle Intervention on Body Mass Index in Patients With Bipolar Disorder
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00980863. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.