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109 results for “nitrogen fertilization”
Data from: Species decline under nitrogen fertilization increases community-level competence of fungal diseases
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Biochar and nitrogen fertilizer promote rice yield by altering soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure
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Long-term nitrogen fertilization alters arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community phylogenetic structure in plant roots across fine spatial scales
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Functional traits of soil nematodes define their response to nitrogen fertilization
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Nitrogen fertilization nullifies host sanctions against non-fixing rhizobia and drives divestment from symbiosis in Lotus japonicus
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Arctic LTER site, station Nitrogen-fertilized ANPP plots at Arctic LTER, study of aboveground net primary productivity in units of gramsPerMeterSquaredPerYear on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Arctic LTER (ARC) contains aboveground net primary productivity measurements in gramsPerMeterSquaredPerYear units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Soil nitrogen: Interactive Effects of Fertility and Distribution on Plant Community Diversity and Structure
There are four levels of nitrogen, corresponding to treatments A, C, F and G in E001, applied at the same time as in that experiment. For a description of fertilizer added to E052, see file fertilization details. There are four levels of soil disturbance designated 1, 2, 3 and 4. Level 1: undisturbed Level 2: 1 pass with a 7 HP Honda rear-tined rototiller with the elevator set to till to a depth of 9 inches Level 3: 2 passes or however many required to produce about 50% bare ground Level 4: 3 passes or however many required to produce 100% bare ground. This requires 3 passes in some plots but 5 or 6 in others. In addition, all woody vegetation not destroyed by tilling is cut at the base. Rototilling is applied in late April. Each fertilization treatment receives each disturbance treatment, for a total of sixteen treatments. There are four replicates of each of the sixteen treatments. In addition, the four extreme ends (lowest N, lowest disturbance; highest N, lowest disturbance, etc. ) are replicated an additional ten times. Treatments are applied in a completely randomized design. Each of the 104 plots is 5m x 5m. Measurements taken at E052 will include: 1) species abundances, 2) community biomass allocation to leaves/roots/stems/flowers, 3) above and below ground net primary production and 4) rates of nitrogen mineralization. For a list of treatments, see the treatment layouts in file trmte52. The plots in E052 are enclosed by a fence to exclude mammalian herbivores. Galvanized welded-wire hardware cloth with 6mm x 6mm openings was buried to a depth of 50cm. Additional hardware cloth extends 60cm above the ground and poultry netting extends to 2m above the ground. In 1990, ten plots of each of four treatments (N1D1, N1D4, N4D1, N4D4, where N is the level of nitrogen added and D is the disturbance treatment) were randomly selected for the competition experiment. The above and belowground effects of neighbors on transplanted grass seedlings were measured using three
Extracellular enzyme: Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization on Litter and Soil Decomposition
The influence of inorganic nitrogen (N) inputs on decomposition is poorly understood. Some prior studies suggest that N may reduce the decomposition of substrates with high concentrations of lignin via inhibitory effects on the activity of lignin-degrading enzymes, although such inhibition has not always been demonstrated. The purpose of E145 was to study the effects of nitrogen (N) addition on decomposition of seven substrates ranging in initial lignin concentrations (from 7.4 - 25.6%) over five years in eight different grassland and forest sites in central Minnesota.
Plant aboveground biomass carbon and nitrogen:Effects of Long Term Fertilization and Oak Canopy Cover on Plant Communities and Ecosystem Processes
In 1996 E142 was established in field D on top of the E004 macroplots. E004 was conducted in fields A, B, C and D by Dave Tilman. The purpose of E004 was to see what effect NH4NO3 addition has on large areas over a longer period of time with exposure to naturally-occurring levels of herbivory. The nutrient addition treatments in E004, E142 plots have been applied annually since 1982. These experiments, along with others at Cedar Creek, examine the community and ecosystem consequences of chronic nutrient loading.
Plant belowground biomass carbon and nitrogen:Effects of Long Term Fertilization and Oak Canopy Cover on Plant Communities and Ecosystem Processes
In 1996 E142 was established in field D on top of the E004 macroplots. E004 was conducted in fields A, B, C and D by Dave Tilman. The purpose of E004 was to see what effect NH4NO3 addition has on large areas over a longer period of time with exposure to naturally-occurring levels of herbivory. The nutrient addition treatments in E004, E142 plots have been applied annually since 1982. These experiments, along with others at Cedar Creek, examine the community and ecosystem consequences of chronic nutrient loading.
Effects of Long Term Canopy litter biomass carbon and nitrogen:Fertilization and Oak Canopy Cover on Plant Communities and Ecosystem Processes
In 1996 E142 was established in field D on top of the E004 macroplots. E004 was conducted in fields A, B, C and D by Dave Tilman. The purpose of E004 was to see what effect NH4NO3 addition has on large areas over a longer period of time with exposure to naturally-occurring levels of herbivory. The nutrient addition treatments in E004, E142 plots have been applied annually since 1982. These experiments, along with others at Cedar Creek, examine the community and ecosystem consequences of chronic nutrient loading.
Non linear nitrous oxide response to nitrogen fertilizer at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (2007 to 2008)
Dataset Abstract A compilation of data from John Hoben’s thesis work. Six rates of nitrogen fertilizer (0-225 kg N ha-1) were broadcast and incorporated prior to planting on commercially farmed fields in Michigan at four farms and one experiment station. All sites were planted to corn and studied in 2007 and 2008. Site abbreviations are as follows: Kellogg Biological Station, KB; Mason, MA; Stockbridge, SB; Fairgrove, T1; Reese, T2. Please refer to the thesis (2009) and primary publication (2010) for additional information. Hoben, J. P.; Gehl, R. J.; Millar, N.; Grace, P. R.; Robertson, G. P., Nonlinear nitrous oxide (N2O) response to nitrogen fertilizer in on-farm corn crops of the US Midwest. Global Change Biology 2010, 17(2), 1140-1152. Hoben, J. P. 2009. On-farm nitrous oxide (N2O) response to nitrogen fertilizer in corn cropping systems. MS Thesis, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA. original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/133
Methane consumption as influenced by nitrogen fertilization and tillage at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (2001 to 2002)
Dataset Abstract This dataset contains data from Pongthep Suwanwaree’s dissertation entitled: Methane Oxidation in Terrestrial Ecosystem’s: Patterns and Effects of Disturbance, submitted to Michigan State University, Department of Crop and Soil Science, 2003. original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/49
Data from: Nitrogen fertilizer decreases survival and reproduction of female locusts by increasing plant protein to carbohydrate ratio
<p>1. Nitrogen limitation theory predicts that terrestrial plants should benefit from nitrogen inputs and that herbivores should benefit from subsequent higher plant protein contents. While this pattern has generally been supported, some herbivorous insects have shown preference and higher performance on low protein (p), high carbohydrate (c) diets as juveniles.</p> <p>2. However, little is known about the effects on reproduction in adults. Using nitrogen fertilizer, we demonstrate that high plant p:c has negative effects on Senegalese locust (Orthoptera: Oedaeleus senegalensis) reproduction and survival in an agroecological setting.</p> <p>3. For this, we measured p:c in millet plants (Pennisetum glaucum) that received two levels of fertilizer (high and moderate) and a control, then we caged locusts on these plants for two weeks. In the laboratory, we gave locusts the choice between untreated millet leaves and leaves that received one of the two fertilization treatment.</p> <p>4. We found that fertilization increased p:c ratio in a concentration dependent fashion. We counted the number of locusts alive over the course of two weeks and showed that fewer females survived on fertilized plants than on control plants. Females that ate plants from the high fertilization treatment laid lighter eggs. Finally, we showed that female locusts prefer unfertilized plants to plants with a high p:c.</p> <p>5. We hypothesize that this pattern will apply broadly to species that have extensive carbohydrate needs, such as long-distance migrators. Because many ecological studies focus primarily on nitrogen or protein, and fail to consider carbohydrates, this study has important implications for how ecologists consider nutrient limitation of primary consumers in ecosystems globally. </p>
Measurement Report: Strong Impacts of Biomass Burning, Nitrogen Fertilization, and Fine Particles on Gas-phase Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)
<p>Measurement Report: Strong Impacts of Biomass Burning, Nitrogen Fertilization, and Fine Particles on Gas-phase Hydrogen Peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>)</p>
Data from: Short-term effects of elevated precipitation and nitrogen on soil fertility and plant growth in a Neotropical savanna
Increasing nitrogen (N) deposition and changing precipitation patterns in Neotropical savannas could alter plant growth, reproduction, and nutrients by altering soil nutrient and water availability. We examined the potential for simulated N deposition and increased dry season precipitation to have interactive effects on reproduction and growth of two abundant native Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) grasses – Loudetiopsis chrysothrix and Tristachya leiostachya – via feedbacks with soil nutrient status. Plant growth and reproduction responses consistently varied by species. Water addition led to more consistent increases in both growth and reproduction than nitrogen addition and the two treatments did have significant interactive effects. We expected that both treatments would affect plant growth and reproduction via positive effects on soil and plant N. Instead, we found that plant responses were linked to species-specific treatment effects on soil and foliar phosphorus (P). Structural equation models (SEM) confirmed that changes in soil P - rather than changes in soil N or increasing soil acidity - explained plant response to treatments. Our results imply that N deposition and precipitation change could impact Cerrado plant growth and reproduction via subtle effects on plant and soil phosphorus.
Synthetic nitrogen fertilizers alter the soil chemistry, production and quality of tea. A meta-analysis
<p>This file is supplementary material for the literature which was titled with "Synthetic nitrogen fertilizers alter the soil chemistry, production and quality of tea. A meta-analysis". The details including: Table S1 Database structure: numbers of publication and observation of each variable; Table S2 Detail information of the database for this meta-analysis; Table S3 Between-group heterogeneity (<em>Q</em><sub>b</sub>) and probability (<em>P</em> value) of soil and tea variables with different experimental factors; Figure S1 Dependences of soil pH responses to soil initial pH (a) and N fertilizer addition levels (b); and Figure S2 Dependences of responses of free amino acids (a) and PP: AA ratio (b) to synthetic N addition levels. </p>
Arsenic immobilization and greenhouse gas emission depend on quantity and frequency of nitrogen fertilization in paddy soil
<p><span>Nitrogen (N) fertilization in paddy soils decreases arsenic mobility and methane emissions. However, it is unknown how quantity and frequency of N fertilization affects the interlinked redox reactions of iron(II)-driven denitrification, iron mineral (trans-)formation with subsequent arsenic (im-)mobilization, methane and nitrous oxide emissions, and how this links to microbiome composition. Thus, we incubated paddy soil from Vercelli, Italy, over 129 days and applied nitrate fertilizer at different concentrations (control: 0, low: ~35, medium: ~100, high: ~200 mg N kg<sup>-1 </sup>soil<sup>-1</sup>) once at the beginning and after 49 days. In the high N treatment, nitrate reduction was coupled to oxidation of dissolved and solid-phase iron(II), while naturally occurring arsenic was retained on iron minerals due to suppression of reductive iron(III) mineral dissolution. In the low N treatment, 40 µg L<sup>-1</sup> of arsenic was mobilized into solution after nitrate depletion, with 69% being immobilized after a second nitrate application. In the non-fertilized control, concentrations of dissolved arsenic were as high as 76 µg L<sup>-1</sup>, driven by mobilization of 36% of the initial mineral-bound arsenic. Generally, N fertilization led to 1.5-fold higher total GHG emissions (sum of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O as CO<sub>2</sub> equivalents), 158-fold higher </span><span>N<sub>2</sub>O</span><span>, and 7.5-fold lower CH<sub>4</sub> emissions compared to non-fertilization. On day 37, <em>Gallionellaceae</em>, <em>Comamonadaceae</em> and <em>Rhodospirillales</em> were more abundant in the high N treatment compared to the non-fertilized control, indicating their potential role as key players in nitrate reduction coupled to iron(II) oxidation. The findings underscore the dual effect of N fertilization, immobilizing arsenic in the short-term (low/medium N) or long-term (high N), while simultaneously increasing N<sub>2</sub>O and lowering CH<sub>4</sub> emissions. This highlights the significance of both the quantity and frequency of N fertilizer application in paddy soils. </span></p>
Fig. 2 in Nitrogen fertilization: Effect on Cd-phytoextraction by the halophytic plant quail bush [Atriplex lentiformis (Torr.) S. Wats] *
Fig. 2. Total chlorophyll and proline content in leaves of A. lentiformis plants. Means (±standard deviation, n = 4) denoted by different letters are significantly different at P <0.05.
Fig. 1 in Nitrogen fertilization: Effect on Cd-phytoextraction by the halophytic plant quail bush [Atriplex lentiformis (Torr.) S. Wats] *
Fig. 1. Cadmium concentrations in the roots and shoots of A. lentiformis plants. Means (±standard deviation, n = 4) denoted by different letters are significantly different at P <0.05.
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