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92 results for “nitrogen isotopes”
Bulk stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of food residues on pottery, stable carbon isotopes of lipids from pottery
<p>Supplementary data for Philippsen, B. (2023) Changing diet in a changing world. In: Groß, D. and Rothstein , M. (eds) Changing Identities in a Changing World.</p>
A carbon, nitrogen, and multi-isotope study of basalt glasses near 14°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Part A: Degassing processes
<p>All data appearing in the manuscript and any supplementary documents, figures, or tables of the paper "A carbon, nitrogen, and multi-isotope study of basalt glasses near 14°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.<strong> </strong>Part A: Degassing processes"<strong> </strong>at Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta<strong> </strong>by<strong> </strong>Bekaert et al., are available through this open access data repository.</p>
A carbon, nitrogen, and multi-isotope study of basalt glasses near 14°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Part B: Mantle source heterogeneities
<p>All data appearing in the manuscript and any supplementary documents, figures, or tables of the paper "A carbon, nitrogen, and multi-isotope study of basalt glasses near 14°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.<strong> </strong>Part B: Mantle source heterogeneities"<strong> </strong>at Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta<strong> </strong>by<strong> </strong>Bekaert et al., are available through this open access data repository.</p>
Nitrogen isotope fractionation during archaeal ammonia oxidation: coupled estimates from measurements of residual ammonium and accumulated nitrite
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Nitrogen isotope composition of amino acids reveals trophic partitioning in two sympatric amphipods
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Bulk and amino acid nitrogen specific isotope data from particulate organic matter and mesozooplankton (1000-2000 µm) from the Mekong River plume and southern South China Sea
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Nitrogen isotope ratios of nitrate, ammonium, and amino acids in sinking particles in the Northwestern North Pacific
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Food sources of benthic communities at the Caiwei Guyot and Yap Trench, northwestern Pacific Ocean: inferences from carbon and nitrogen isotopes
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Data from: Environmental correlates of large-scale spatial variation in the δ13C of marine animals (and related published studies of carbon and nitrogen isotopic baselines)
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Data from: Differences in nitrogen cycling between tropical dry forests with contrasting precipitation revealed by stable isotopes of nitrogen in plants and soils
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Stable carbon, oxygen and nitrogen isotopes in tree rings from temperate forests within long-term monitoring network in the UK
<p>Supporting dataset for the paper "Climate and atmospheric deposition effects on forest water‑use efficiency and nitrogen availability across Britain" by Guerrieri et al. 2020 Scientific Reports DOI is 10.1038/s41598-020-67562-w (<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-67562-w">https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-67562-w</a>)</p> <p>The dataset includes carbon, oxygen and nitrogen stable isotope composition measured in tree rings for four species at twelve forests across climate and atmospheric deposition gradients in Britain. Data were used to i) investigate spatial and temporal (over 30‑years) changes in tree intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE, i.e., the ratio between CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation - A, and stomatal conductance- g<sub>s</sub>); ii) assess the possible species-specific physiological mechanisms (changes in A and/or g<sub>s</sub>) evaluate whether sites receiving high Ndep experience increase in ecosystem N availability and N saturation (using tree-ring nitrogen isotope composition as a proxy); iv) elucidate drivers of spatial and temporal changes in the isotope-derived physiological and ecological processes (i.e., relative contribution of climate vs. changes in atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> and nitrogen and sulfur deposition). </p> <p>The following files are available:</p> <ul> <li>CSV file including: a) Site names; b) Species; c) Latitude; d) Longitude; e) Investigated years (1980-2010); f) Measured isotope-related parameters and tree ring nitrogen %. Isotope-related parameters included in the dataset are: 1) delta13C, 2) carbon isotope discrimination (Delta13C), 3) intercellular CO2 concentration (ci) and the ratio of intercellular to atmospheric CO2 concentrations (ci/ca), delta18O, estimated delta18O in precipitation (delta18OP) according to Barbour et al. 2001 (see Method in Guerrieri et al. 2020 Scientific Reports), oxygen isotope discrimination above the source water (Delta18O), delta15N. </li> <li>PDF file reporting the equations used to calculate the isotope-derived parameters, which can also be found in the paper by Guerrieri et al. 2020 Scientific Reports (accepted)</li> </ul>
Stable isotope signatures of soil nitrogen on an environmental-geomorphic gradient within the Congo Basin
<p>Stable isotope signatures of soil N of three different forest types within the Congo Basin. </p>
Data from: Convergence of soil nitrogen isotopes across global climate gradients
Quantifying global patterns of terrestrial nitrogen (N) cycling is central to predicting future patterns of primary productivity, carbon sequestration, nutrient fluxes to aquatic systems, and climate forcing. With limited direct measures of soil N cycling at the global scale, syntheses of the 15N:14N ratio of soil organic matter across climate gradients provide key insights into understanding global patterns of N cycling. In synthesizing data from over 6000 soil samples, we show strong global relationships among soil N isotopes, mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation (MAP), and the concentrations of organic carbon and clay in soil. In both hot ecosystems and dry ecosystems, soil organic matter was more enriched in 15N than in corresponding cold ecosystems or wet ecosystems. Below a MAT of 9.8°C, soil δ15N was invariant with MAT. At the global scale, soil organic C concentrations also declined with increasing MAT and decreasing MAP. After standardizing for variation among mineral soils in soil C and clay concentrations, soil δ15N showed no consistent trends across global climate and latitudinal gradients. Our analyses could place new constraints on interpretations of patterns of ecosystem N cycling and global budgets of gaseous N loss.
Data from: Fog as a source of nitrogen for redwood trees: evidence from fluxes and stable isotopes
A defining feature of the redwood forest in coastal California is the presence of fog in the summer months, a time when there is typically little rainfall. Our goal was to determine the role of summer fog in canopy transformation of nitrogen, nitrogen uptake by trees and photosynthesis within a coastal redwood forest ecosystem. We measured horizontal and vertical inputs of nitrogen, the isotopic composition of nitrogen in a variety of atmospheric sources (summer fog, winter rain and throughfall throughout the year), nitrogen pools (soil solution) and plant tissue (roots and foliage), as well as rates of photosynthesis and nitrogen uptake by trees. Throughfall nitrogen fluxes were greater at the forest edge compared to the interior both within the canopy (sampled 10 m above-ground) and onto the forest floor (sampled 1 m above-ground; P < 0.05). Similarly, soil solution inline image and total inorganic nitrogen were greater at the forest edge compared to the interior (P = 0.0014 and 0.009, respectively). Whereas natural abundance δ15NO3 values were not significantly different between winter rain (measured as bulk precipitation) and summer fog water (average δ15N = −1.2 ± 0.680/00), δ15NH4 values were significantly greater in fog water (11.4 ± 2.70/00) compared to rain (1.2 ± 0.90/00). We found no difference in δ15N in roots from forest edge trees compared to interior trees. In contrast, nitrogen concentrations and δ15N in foliage from forest edge trees were significantly greater compared to interior trees (P < 0.0001), suggesting that the leaves of forest edge trees may be obtaining a greater proportion of their nitrogen from fog compared to those of the interior trees. Natural abundance 13C of leaf sugars and rates of photosynthesis were significantly higher at the forest edge compared to the interior during the fog season (P < 0.05), but not different between locations in the rain season (P > 0.05). Nitrification in the forest floor, rather than the canopy, is the primary source of inline image in these soils throughout the year. Synthesis. Summer fog provides nitrogen directly and indirectly to redwood trees, especially those at the forest edge, and affects the physiologic function of redwood trees.
Dataset and Figure Files for "Evaluating Nitrogen Oxide and α-pinene Oxidation Chemistry: Insights from Oxygen and Nitrogen Stable Isotopes"
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Periphyton carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes detect agricultural stressors in low-order streams
<p>Shifts in the stable isotope signatures of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in ecological materials have the potential to indicate environmental disturbances. This study examined the δ<sup>13</sup>C‰ and δ<sup>15</sup>N‰ ratios of stream water and periphyton from low-order streams in a landscape influenced by agricultural activities. Our key purpose was to assess the influence of best management practice (BMP) presence and age on C and N isotope values as a potential water-quality assessment. We collected stream water and periphyton from 19 streams within the Upper Delaware River watershed in New York, USA, in each of 4 management categories: 1) recently applied BMP treatments, 2) long-standing BMPs, 3) streams lacking BMPs, and 4) minimally disturbed reference streams. We sampled and analyzed water and periphyton for δ<sup>13</sup>C‰ and δ<sup>15</sup>N‰ in a repeated-measures design (BMP category ´ time) from April to November 2013. There were large seasonal differences in stream water δ<sup>13</sup>C-dissolved organic C (DIC)‰ and δ<sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub>-N‰, with strong differences between reference and agricultural streams. Periphyton δ<sup>13</sup>C‰ and δ<sup>15</sup>N‰ values also differed strongly across streams draining land with agricultural activities, with 85% higher periphyton δ<sup>15</sup>N‰ signals in all agricultural categories vs reference streams. Periphyton diatom and chlorophyte taxonomic proportions showed the strongest relationship with periphyton δ<sup>13</sup>C‰ values, where diatoms were negatively associated with increasing δ<sup>13</sup>C‰. These results suggest that aqueous and periphytic stable isotopes were sensitive in detecting persistent effects of agriculture on these streams despite BMP mitigation, where nutrient (orthosphosphate, nitrite, and ammonia) levels were non-indicative. These results also suggest that BMPs may not have fully eliminated the negative impacts of agricultural stressors on water quality in impacted streams.</p>
Data from: Contrasting nitrogen cycling between herbaceous wetland and terrestrial ecosystems inferred from plant and soil nitrogen isotopes across China
<p><span>Understanding nitrogen (N) cycling in different ecosystems is crucial to predicting and mitigating the global effects of altered N inputs. Although wetlands have always been assumed to differ largely from terrestrial ecosystems in N cycling, evidence from direct comparison from the field along wide environmental gradients is lacking. Here, we hypothesized strong coupling of plant and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N in terrestrial ecosystems due to lower N inputs and losses but weak coupling of plant and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N in wetlands because of higher N inputs and losses.</span></p> <p><span>We performed a large-scale field investigation on 26 pairs of herbaceous wetland and terrestrial sites across China covering 21 degrees of latitude and determined natural abundance of nitrogen isotopes (δ<sup>15</sup>N) in soils and leaves of 346 dominant and subordinate plant species. We analysed the relationships between leaf and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N and their drivers including plant functional types in these two types of ecosystems.</span></p> <p><span>Plant functional types including mycorrhizal type and N2-fixing status had consistently significant influences on leaf δ<sup>15</sup>N in herbaceous wetland and terrestrial ecosystems. Leaf δ<sup>15</sup>N increased significantly with soil δ<sup>15</sup>N within and across mycorrhizal types in both ecosystems, and, as hypothesized, the relationships were stronger and steeper in terrestrial than in wetland ecosystems. Moreover, leaf and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N were positively and significantly correlated within both N<sub>2</sub>-fixers and non-fixers in terrestrial ecosystems and within only non-N<sub>2</sub>-fixers in wetlands. At the community level, we also found more highly significant relationships between leaf and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N in terrestrial than in wetland ecosystems. Besides plant functional types, climatic and soil factors contributed to the variation in leaf δ<sup>15</sup>N in both ecosystems.</span></p> <p><span><em>Synthesis.</em> Weaker relationships between plant and soil δ<sup>15</sup>N in wetlands at species and community levels supports the hypothesis that larger N inputs and losses lead to weaker coupling in the plant-soil systems in wetlands than in terrestrial ecosystems. This provides strong evidence from a large spatial scale for contrasting N cycling in these two types of ecosystems regardless of plant functional type in terms of nutrient uptake strategy. Our findings add to our predictive power of ecosystem N dynamics under environmental changes, e.g. land-use changes and elevated N inputs.</span></p>
Isotope constraints on nitrogen dynamics in the upper water column of the South China Sea
<p>ds01-All water sample data supporting this study are summed in ds01.</p> <p>ds02-All CTD data supporting this study are summed in ds02.</p>
Dataset for paper "Aquacultural source of nitrous oxide revealed by nitrogen isotopes"
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Data from: Starvation effects on nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes of animals: an insight from meta-analysis of fasting experiments
Nitrogen and carbon stable isotopic compositions (δ15N and δ13C) of consumers have been used for physiological and food web studies. Previous studies have shown δ15N and δ13C values are affected by several biological and environmental factors during starvation, but the generality of the effect of starvation on δ15N and δ13C values has not yet been tested. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of starvation on δ15N and δ13C values of consumers, and the underlying factors that may explain the observed variation. The δ15N and δ13C values were calculated as the differences between the final δ15N and δ13C values of consumers (post-starvation) and the pre-starvation values on each experiment. Our meta-analysis showed a large variation in the δ15N and δ13C values of consumers (δ15N range: –0.82 to 4.30‰; mean: 0.47‰ and δ13C range: –1.92 to 2.62‰; mean: 0.01‰). The δ15N values of most consumers increased along the length of the starvation period and were influenced by nitrogen excretion and thermoregulation types, probably because differences in nitrogen metabolism and thermoregulation affect nitrogen processing and excretion rates. None of our predictor variables accounted for the variation in δ13C values, which showed both increases and decreases due to fasting. Our findings suggest that starvation results in changes in consumer δ15N values which are mainly explained by the length of the fasting period and by nitrogen and energy metabolism, but the underlying mechanisms of the starvation effects on δ13C values seem to be more complex than previously thought.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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