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451 results for “outbreaks”
Defoliator outbreaks track with warming across the Pacific coastal temperate rainforest of North America
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Data from: Host plant phenology drives risky larval dispersal in an outbreaking insect defoliator
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Data and code from: Decades of historical outbreak cycles in a multivoltine insect reveal a plastic phenological response to climate change
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Data from: Utilising citizen science data to rapidly assess changing associations between wild birds and avian influenza outbreaks in poultry
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Generalising an outbreak cluster detection method for two groups: An application to rabies
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Data and code for: Disease outbreaks select for mate choice and coat color in wolves
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Indirect pathogen transmission underlies an emerging infectious fungal disease outbreak in a wild reptile population
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Variation in herbivore space use: comparing two savanna ecosystems with different anthrax outbreak patterns in southern Africa
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How does parasite environmental transmission stage concentration change before, during, and after disease outbreaks?
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Environmental drivers of biseasonal anthrax outbreak dynamics in two multi-host savanna systems
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Mysterious microsporidians: springtime outbreaks of disease in Daphnia communities in shallow pond ecosystems
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Long term consequences of aspen leaf miner outbreak for plant performance
This dataset represents the results of experimental suppression of herbivory by the aspen leaf miner, Phyllocnistis populiella, over a period of seven years, between 2005 and 2012. There were two study sites, one at Bonanza Creek LTER and the other near the summit of Ester Dome. Reported here are mortality, die-back, and initial and final sizes of aspen ramets.
Consequences of aspen leaf miner outbreak for plant performance
This dataset represents the results of experimental suppression of herbivory by the aspen leaf miner, Phyllocnistis populiella, over a period of three years, 2005 to 2007. There were two study sites, one at Bonanza Creek LTER and the other near the summit of Ester Dome. Reported here are herbivory and growth of aspen ramets.
Food and waterborne outbreaks data complementing the European Union One Health 2018 Zoonoses Report
<p>Food and waterborne outbreaks data reported under the framework of Directive 2003/99/EC and in accordance with the update of the technical specifications for harmonised reporting of FBOs through the EU reporting system in accordance with Directive 2003/99/EC. This dataset includes the number of outbreaks, as well as the number of human cases, hospitalisations and deaths, per causative agent. In addition, other information can include data on causative agents, food vehicles, and the factors in food preparation and handling that contributed to the food-borne outbreaks. Reporting countries can also provide information on the nature of the evidence supporting the suspicion of the food vehicle. This evidence can be epidemiological, microbiological, descriptive environmental, or based on product tracing investigations. </p>
The Situation of South Korea regarding the early stage of COVID-19 outbreak
<p>Drive-Through Screening Centers for COVID-19</p>
Stable psychological traits predict perceived stress related to the COVID-19 outbreak
<p>This repository contains the raw dataset associated to the scientific article "Stable psychological traits predict psychological perceived stress to COVID-19 outbreak”, by L. Flesia, V. Fietta, B. Segatto, M. Monaro. Data are contained in the excel file and organized as follows:</p> <p>- the entire dataset used by the authors to perform statistical analysis</p> <p>- the training set used by the authors to train and validate ML models</p> <p>- the test set used by the authors to test the ML models</p> <p>The "Legend" file contains the description of each variable in the excel file.</p> <p>The step by step instructions to replicate the results of ML classification models, which are reported in the paper, including two .arff files containing the training and test set od data that can be directly run in WEKA software 3.9.</p> <p>The "COVID-19 QUESTIONNAIRE" file contains the English version of the questions administered to participants.</p>
Supplement to : Accelerated Snow Melt in the Russian Caucasus Mountains After the Saharan Dust Outbreak in March 2018
<p>These datasets contains all the data used in Accelerated Snow Melt in the Russian Caucasus Mountains After the Saharan Dust Outbreak in March 2018 by Dumont et al., in Journal of Geophysical Research.<br> This dataset includes : Sentinel-2 cloud masks, snow depth measurements, snow surface impurity content estimated from Sentinel-2, Sentinel-2 surface reflectances and digital elevation models.</p> <p>Dumont, M., Tuzet, F., Gascoin, S., Picard, G., Kutuzov, S., Lafaysse, M., et al. (2020). Accelerated snow melt in the Russian Caucasus mountains after the Saharan dust outbreak in March 2018. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 125, e2020JF005641. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JF005641">https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JF005641</a></p>
Mental health consequences of the Covid-19 outbreak in Spain
<p>The objective is to analyze the effects of the pandemic and alarm situation on the psychological health, loneliness, intersectional discrimination and spiritual wellbeing of the general population in a longitudinal way in three moments: after two weeks of the beginning of the confinement (between March 21 and 29), after a month (between April 13 and 27), and after two months (between May 21 and June 4), with the beginning of the deconfinement and return to the new normality. The study received the approval of the Deontological Commission of the Faculty of Psychology of the Complutense University of Madrid (pr_2019_20_029) prior to its implementation. The signing of the informed consent and acceptance of the data protection laws was also included in the evaluation. The evaluations were carried out by means of an online survey, with a sample of 3480 persons in the first data collection and of 1041 and 569 persons in the successive moments of evaluation. The presence of depressive symptoms, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disease (PTSD) was evaluated by means of screening tests. Sociodemographic data, variables about Covid-19, loneliness, psychological well-being, social support, discrimination and a sense of belonging were collected.</p> <p><strong>Participants</strong></p> <p>Recruitment consisted of sending requests for participation to people belonging to databases of different institutions: students and workers in public organizations such as the Complutense University of Madrid and the academic Chair Against Stigma, and private organizations such as the company Group 5. These databases contain sufficient data to perform reasonable sampling of the Spanish population. To increase the sample size as much as possible participants were asked to help with its dissemination. The percentage of people recruited in this way was small, estimated as less than 5%. The inclusion criteria were: 1. To be over 18 years old; 2. To be living in Spain during the Covid-19 health emergency; 3. To have agreed to participate in the second evaluation of the study.</p> <p>A total of 3480 people participated in the first evaluation. For the subsequent evaluations, those people who had previously agreed to participate in the study were contacted by email in a longitudinal way (specific section of the evaluation), recruiting a total of N = 1041 in the second data collection, and in the third evaluation N = 569.</p> <p>In the resulting sample, a majority of women (81%) was obtained as opposed to 51% of the general population. With respect to age, a greater equivalence was obtained, although with a higher percentage of people under 60 years than in the general population: 29% (18-30), 64% (31-59) and 7% (60-80) for the three respective groups, compared to 10%, 44% and 19% for the general population (the remaining 5% do not meet the criteria for inclusion/exclusion).</p> <p><strong>Variables and instruments</strong></p> <p>The following variables and instruments were included in the assessment:</p> <p><em>Sociodemographic variables</em></p> <p>Using ad hoc questions, data was collected on age (subsequently grouped into clusters: 18-30, 31-59, 60-80); gender identity; marital status (single, married, divorced, separated, widower); educational level (elementary studies, high school, vocational training, university, postgraduate); economic situation (subjective perception from very bad to very good).</p> <p><em>COVID-19 related variables</em></p> <p>Suffering from symptoms (yes, no); existence of a family members or close relatives who are infected (yes, no); perception of the information received on the alarm situation (considering that they have sufficient information, or that they are over-informed). </p> <p><em>Mental health</em></p> <p>Mental health was assessed with the PHQ-4 composed by the Patient Health Questionnaire 2 (PHQ-2) (Kroenke, Spitzer, Williams, & Löwe, 2009) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2) (Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams, & Löwe, 2006). The PHQ-2 was used in its Spanish version (Diez-Quevedo, Rangil, Sanchez-Planell, Kroenke, & Spitzer, 2001) and is a brief self-report questionnaire that addresses the frequency of depressive symptoms. It consists of 2 Likert-type questions ranging from 0 “never” to 3 “every day”. Higher scores indicate greater symptomatology, providing a severity score that ranges from 0 to 6. GAD-2 was also used in its Spanish version (Garcia-Campayo et al., 2014). The GAD-2 Questionnaire includes the first 2 items of the GAD-7 Likert format, with a maximum score of 6 points.</p> <p><em>Loneliness</em></p> <p>Measured by the 3 item version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA-3) in its Spanish version and self-applied (Russell 1996; Velarde-Mayol et al. 2016). The three items in Likert format with three response options (1 rarely, 2 sometimes, 3 often), address three dimensions of loneliness: relational connection, social connection, and self-perceived isolation.</p> <p><em>Intersectional discrimination</em></p> <p>Intersectional discrimination was evaluated by means of the Intersectional Day-to-Day Discrimination Index (InDI-D) (Scheim & Bauer, 2019), in its Spanish version, which was translated by the authors of this study. This scale provides a measure of the intersectional discrimination that can be produced by different conditions: gender, ethnicity, mental health diagnosis, and in this case, the presence of COVID-19 was also included. We used the main scale formed by 9 Likert-type items (e.g. “Since the sanitary emergency caused by COVID-19 in Spain, have you been treated as if you were someone hostile, unhelpful or rude?”) with four response options (1 “never” – 4 “many times”). The different questions evaluated the presence of intersectional discrimination from the beginning of the alarm situation generated by the coronavirus. The higher the score the more discrimination suffered.</p> <p><em>Internalized stigma</em></p> <p>Internalized stigma was evaluated with two items adapted from the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale (Boyd Ritsher, Otilingam & Grajales, 2003). The items (“Since the emergency situation generated by the coronavirus, have you avoided contacting people –in those cases permitted during lockdown– to avoid rejection?”; “Since the emergency situation generated by the coronavirus, have you felt that the people who are not in your situation are unable to understand you?”) were modified to evaluate intersectional internalized stigma, the self-stigma that can be generated by diverse conditions. These items refer to the alienation and social withdrawal dimensions taken from the original scale. It was evaluated with the same Likert-type scale as the one used to measure the intersectional perceived discrimination.</p> <p><em>Social support</em></p> <p>Social support was evaluated by means of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (EMAS) (Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet, & Farley, 1988), adapted to a Spanish version (Landeta & Calvete, 2002). The scale, made up of 12 Likert-type items with 7 possible responses (1 “totally disagree” to 7 “totally agree”), evaluates the levels of perceived social support, identifying where the support comes from and how it is perceived. The EMAS explores three possible sources of perceived social support –family (4 items), friends (4 items) and relevant people (4 items)–, and offers a full measure of social support.</p> <p><em>Spiritual well-being</em></p> <p>Spiritual well-being was assessed using the Spanish version of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-Sp12) (Cella et al. 1998). This test evaluates physical, family, functional and spiritual well-being, focusing in this questionnaire only on spiritual well-being with two dimensions: meaning and peace. Four items were selected from the scale focusing on these aspects. The answers were Likert type from 0 (nothing) to 4 (a lot). Higher scores indicate greater well-being.</p> <p><em>Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) </em></p> <p>Was used in its Spanish version (Garcia-Campayo et al., 2014; Neff, 2003). The scale evaluates how the subject usually acts towards himself in difficult moments in different dimensions. Here we explore with 6 items the following three: self-love, common humanity and mindfulness. The items are Likert type (1 to 5). Higher scores indicate more self-pity.</p> <p><em>Sense of belonging</em></p> <p>The sense of belonging to different work/study groups, friends, family and neighborhood or community was evaluated through four Likert-type items (1 much - 4 nothing) (Hernán Montalbán & Rodríguez Moreno 2017).</p>
Relative impacts of gypsy moth outbreaks and insecticide treatments on forest resources and ecosystem: An experimental approach
<p><span class="KONAHeading1CharChar"><span>Gypsy moth outbreaks cause severe defoliation in Holarctic forests, both in North America where it is invasive, and in its native range in Eurasia. Severe defoliation can hamper timber production and impact ecological communities and processes. Aerial insecticide applications are regularly performed in outbreak areas to mitigate economic losses. These operations can be financially costly and harmful to non-target species and may disrupt species interaction networks. However, replicated studies of the relative impacts of gypsy moth outbreaks and insecticide application on forest growth and animal communities are rare and have yet to be carried out in the species' indigenous range. </span></span></p> <p><span class="KONAHeading1CharChar"><span>Here, we review the pathways in which gypsy moth outbreaks and the chemical control of these outbreaks affect forest ecosystems. We then present an experimental design established in South Central Germany in early 2019, aiming to study the ecological and economic consequences of gypsy moth eruptions and insecticide application in oak forests. The study's full factorial design comprises forest stands with high and low defoliation risk, either treated with tebufenozide or left unsprayed, within 12 experimental blocks. Measurements of forest growth and structure, tree mortality, gypsy moth density, and composition of lepidopteran, bird, bat, ground beetle, and canopy arthropod communities will be conducted for several years. </span></span></p> <p><span class="KONAHeading1CharChar"><span>One-year intensive monitoring of gypsy moth populations and damage across the selected sites showed substantial differences in population density between plots with high and low defoliation risk and high efficacy of tebufenozide in suppressing gypsy moth populations in treated plots. In the first year of the experiment, gypsy moth density and defoliation in predicted outbreak plots differed strongly, confirming the importance of using many replicates and blocking to control spatial heterogeneity. The experiment will be running continuously during the coming years to produce short- and medium-term economic and ecological data to improve our understanding and management of gypsy moth outbreaks.</span></span></p>
Source code and datasets used to link new waves of plague outbreaks in medieval Europe to climate fluctuations affecting the reservoirs of the disease in Asia.
<p>The zipfile contains the project directory which includes the source code and datasets used in the paper on <strong>Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe</strong>, as published in <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</em> (PNAS). Access the paper at http://www.doi.org/pnas.1412887112</p> <p>If you are not familiar with Clojure, Leiningen, and its project directory format, see http://clojure.org/getting_started for one of the IDE's to run the clojure code in, and use http://leiningen.org/ as the project / dependency manager.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.