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839 results for “passerines”
Figure 14 in The Late Cenozoic Passerine Avifauna from Rackham's Roost Site, Riversleigh, Australia
Figure 14. Wing bones of (A–B,E–G,I–K) fossil Estrildidae gen. et sp. indet. compared with those of (C–D,H,L) Lonchura oryzivora AM O.66319. (A–B) QM F57940, distal right humerus. (E,I) QM F30821, left carpometacarpus.(F,J) QM F57903, left carpometacarpus. (G,K) QM F57933, right carpometacarpus. (A,C) caudal view, (B,D) cranial view, (E–H) ventral view, (I–L) dorsal view. Some distinguishing features of Estrildidae shown: 1, sulcus humerotricipitalis deep and extends proximally beyond base of proc. supracondylaris dorsalis; 2, sulcus scapulotricipitalis strongly marked; 3, distal profile of condylus dorsalis convex; 4, fossa m. brachialis elongate and very deep; 5, tub. supracondylare ventrale protrudes proximo-cranially; 6, trochlea carpalis ventralis circular; 7, ventral fossa on distal end of os metacarpale minus very shallow; 8, distal end of the os metacarpale minus square and broad; 9, proximal end of os metacarpale minus narrow and becomes wider distally; 10, sulcus interosseus moderately deep. Scale = 2 mm.
Figure 11 in The Late Cenozoic Passerine Avifauna from Rackham's Roost Site, Riversleigh, Australia
Figure 11. Proximal right tarsometatarsi of (A–F) fossil Pomatostomus sp. compared to the corresponding bone of (G–I) P. ruficeps AM O.60045. (A–C) QM F57900. (D–F) QM F30357. (A,D,G) dorsal view, (B,E,H) plantar view, (C,F,I) lateral view. Some characteristic features of Pomatostomus labelled: 1, arcus extensorius longer than wide; 2, tuberositas m. tibialis cranialis low and located close to arcus extensorius; 3, groove for M. fibularis longus marked; 4, ossified tendinal bridge between hypotarsus and crista plantaris lateralis, enclosing a small foramen in crista. Scale bar = 2 mm.
Figure 9 in The Late Cenozoic Passerine Avifauna from Rackham's Roost Site, Riversleigh, Australia
Figure 9. Comparison of fossil and extant pomatostomid wing bones. (A–B) distal left humerus of Pomatostomus sp. QM F30358 and (C–D) distal right humerus of P. temporalis AM O.65103 (mirrored). Right ulnae of (E–F) Pomatostomus sp. QM F57939 and (G–H) P. ruficeps AM O.60045. (A,C,F,H) caudal aspect; (B,D,E,G) cranial aspect. Some characteristic features of Pomatostomus shown: 1, proc. supracondylaris dorsalis long and bifurcated; 2, sulcus humerotricipitalis very shallow; 3, distal end of humerus well expanded ventrally; 4, distal extent of proc. flexorius much greater than that of condylus ventralis; 5, condylus ventralis long with respect to length of condylus lateralis; 6, olecranon short; 7, distal edge of proc. cotyla dorsalis about level with that of cotyla ventralis; 8, cotyla ventralis shallow; 9, impressio m. brachialis very shallow; 10, shallow depression situated distally of attachment scar for trochlea humeroulnaris. Scale bar = 2mm.
Figure 13 in The Late Cenozoic Passerine Avifauna from Rackham's Roost Site, Riversleigh, Australia
Figure 13. Proximal left ulnae of (A–C) a fossil petroicid gen. et sp. indet. and (D–F) Petroica phoenicea AM O.60008. (A,D) cranial view, (B,E) caudal view, (C,F) ventral view. Some characteristic features of Petroicidae highlighted: 1, cotyla ventralis shallow; 2, proc. cotyla dorsalis square and its proximal edge is located distally of that of cotyla ventralis by a distance greater than one-third the length of the latter; 3, depression situated ventrally of the impressio m. scapulotricipitis; 4, protuberance for attachment of the trochlea humeroulnaris projects beyond the caudal edge of the olecranon. Scale = 2 mm.
Figure 17 in The Late Cenozoic Passerine Avifauna from Rackham's Roost Site, Riversleigh, Australia
Figure 17. Carpometacarpi of (A–D) fossil Acrocephalus sp. compared with the corresponding element of (E–F) A. australis AM O.58015. (A–B) QM F57902, left carpometacarpus. (C–D) QM F30356, right carpometacarpus. Some characteristic features of Acrocephalus shown: 1, depression for origin of M. flexor digiti minoris deep, terminates distally of proc. pisiformis; 2, ventral fossa on distal end of os metacarpale minus large and deep; 3, fovea carpalis caudalis small and deep; 4, proc. intermetacarpalis moderately short and does not protrude beyond caudal edge of os metacarpale minus; 5, proc. dentiformis long, low and situated well distally of midpoint of os metacarpale minus. Scale = 2 mm.
Figure 15 in The Late Cenozoic Passerine Avifauna from Rackham's Roost Site, Riversleigh, Australia
Figure 15. Comparison of (A–B, D–E, G) fossil bones of Megalurus sp. with those of (C,F,H) extant M. mathewsi AM O.59292. (A,D) QM F30820, right carpometacarpus. (B,E) QM F30852, right carpometacarpus. (G) QM F57941 distal left tibiotarsus. Some distinguishing features of Megalurus labelled: 1, cranial extent of proc. extensorius far greater than that of proc. alularis; 2, depression for attachment of M. flexor digiti minoris terminates distally of proximal edge of proc. pisiformis; 3, proc. dentiformis situated distally of midpoint of os metacarpale majus; 4, proc. cranialis long; 5, sulcus interosseus shallow; 6, distal edge of tuberositas retinaculi extensoris medialis at about level with bony ridges for retinaculum m. fibularis; 7, bony ridges for attachment of the retinaculum m. fibularis long and prominent flanges; 8, tuberositas retinaculi extensori lateralis occupies most of lateral half of pons supratendineus and does not protrude beyond its proximal edge; 9, condylus lateralis wider than condylus medialis; 10, incisura intercondylaris wide and its distal profile asymmetrical. Scale = 2 mm.
Figure 1 in The Late Cenozoic Passerine Avifauna from Rackham's Roost Site, Riversleigh, Australia
Figure 1. Distal left tibiotarsi of (A) fossil malurid gen. et sp. indet. QM F30361 and (B) Stipiturus malachurus AM O.68207 in cranial aspect. Some characteristic features of Maluridae shown: 1, sulcus extensorius very shallow and displaced laterally of the medio-lateral midpoint of the shaft; 2, tuberositas retinaculi extensori lateralis situated on proximo-lateral part of pons supratendineus; 3, condylus lateralis greater in width and in proximal extent than condylus medialis. Scale bar = 2 mm.
Linking ecological specialization to its macroevolutionary consequences: An example with passerine nest type
<p>A long-standing hypothesis in evolutionary biology is that the evolution of resource specialization can lead to an evolutionary dead end, where specialists have low diversification rates and limited ability to evolve into generalists. In recent years, advances in comparative methods investigating trait-based differences associated with diversification have enabled more robust tests of this idea and have found mixed support. We test the evolutionary dead end hypothesis by estimating net diversification rate differences associated with nest site specialization among 3,224 species of passerine birds. In particular, we test whether the adoption of hole-nesting, a nest site specialization that decreases predation, results in reduced diversification rates relative to nesting outside of holes. Further, we examine whether evolutionary transitions to the specialist hole-nesting state have been more frequent than transitions out of hole-nesting. Using diversification models that accounted for background rate heterogeneity and different extinction rate scenarios, we found that hole-nesting specialization was not associated with diversification rate differences. Furthermore, contrary to the assumption that specialists rarely evolve into generalists, we found that transitions out of hole-nesting occur more frequently than transitions into hole-nesting. These results suggest that interspecific competition may limit adoption of hole-nesting, but that such competition does not result in limited diversification of hole-nesters. In conjunction with other recent studies using robust comparative methods, our results add to growing evidence that evolutionary dead ends are not a typical outcome of resource specialization.</p>
Data for: Eco-evolutionary consequences of dispersal syndromes during colonization in a passerine bird
<p>In most animal species, dispersing individuals possess phenotypic attributes that mitigate the costs of colonization and/or increase settlement success in new areas ('dispersal syndromes'). This phenotypic integration likely affects population dynamics and the direction of selection, but data are lacking for natural populations. Using an approach that combines population dynamics, quantitative genetics and phenotypic selection analyses, we reveal the existence of dispersal syndromes in a pied flycatcher (<em>Ficedula</em> <em>hypoleuca</em>) population in The Netherlands: immigrants were larger, tended to have darker plumage, bred earlier and produced larger clutches than local recruits, and some of these traits were genetically correlated. Over time, the phenotypic profile of the population gradually changed: each generation advanced arrival and breeding and exhibited longer wings as the result of direct and indirect selection on these correlated traits. Although phenotypic attributes of immigrants were favored by selection during the early phase of colonization, observed phenotypic changes were similar for immigrants and local recruits. We propose that immigrants facilitated initial population establishment but that temporal changes likely resulted from climate change-induced large-scale selection. This study highlights that newly established populations are of non-random composition and that phenotypic architecture affects evolutionary population trajectories. </p>
Data from: Reproductive senescence and mating tactic interact and conflict to drive reproductive success in a passerine
<p>An understanding of the drivers of individual fitness is a fundamental component of evolutionary ecology and life-history theory. Reproductive senescence, mate and mating tactic choice, and latent heterogeneity in individual quality interact to affect individual fitness. We sought to disentangle the effects of these fitness drivers, where longitudinal data are required to understand their respective impacts. We used reproductive allocation and success data from a long-term (1989-2018) study of white-throated dippers (Cinclus cinclus) in Switzerland to simultaneously examine the effects of female and male age, mating tactic, nest initiation date, and individual heterogeneity on reproductive performance. We modeled quadratic and categorical effects of age on reproductive parameters. The probability of polygyny increased with age in both sexes before declining in older age classes. Similarly, hatching probability in monogamous pairs and the number of nestlings hatched in both monogamous and polygynous pairs increased with female age before declining later in life. As predicted, offspring survival in monogamous pairs increased with male age before declining in older age classes, but male age had no effect on offspring survival in polygynous nesting attempts. Our results demonstrate that parental age, mating tactic, and individual heterogeneity all affect reproductive success, and that the impacts of senescent decline are expressed across different demographic components as a function of sex-specific senescent decline and mating tactic.</p>
Metadata for prey choice in insectivorous steppe passerines Paper
<p>This dataset comprises metadata which corresponds to a paper prepared for submission entitled "Prey choice in insectivorous steppe passerines: new insights from DNA metabarcoding".</p> <p>Sample identifiers are given for faecal samples collected from shrub-steppe passerines at the province of Soria, Spain. Information such as location, date of collection, sex and other data are supplied.</p>
Data from: Hosts eject conspecific parasitic eggs according to the egg size in a passerine
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Data from: Reproductive senescence and mating tactic interact and conflict to drive reproductive success in a passerine
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Data and code from: Quantitative analyses of stochastic influences on the response to phenotypic selection in a small passerine, the collared flycatcher
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Linking ecological specialization to its macroevolutionary consequences: An example with passerine nest type
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Data for: Faster evolution of a premating reproductive barrier is not associated with faster speciation rates in New World passerine birds
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Data from: Unravelling the causes and consequences of dispersal syndromes in a wild passerine
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Data for: Eco-evolutionary consequences of dispersal syndromes during colonization in a passerine bird
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Data from: The genome of a globally invasive passerine, the common myna, Acridotheres tristis
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Data from: Telomere length declines with age, but relates to immune function independent of age in a wild passerine
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.