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270 results for “permafrost”
Coupled Hydrological and Thermal Models of Rockwall Permafrost
<p>This dataset contains forcing data and selected output of coupled thermal and hydrological simulations applied to a high-elevated rockwall site (the Aiguille du Midi, 3842 m asl, Mont Blanc massif, France).</p> <p>All data are provided as .shp and .shx for display, as well as a .dbf file for quick reading. They are made of 5 columns, whose:</p> <ul> <li>« Node » is the Node ID,</li> <li>« X » is the position (in m) on the x axis,</li> <li>« Y » is the position (in m) on the y axis,</li> <li>« xINIT » is the calculated value for the parameter indicated in the file name(head, temperature, etc.)</li> <li>« Time » is the time step at which the value is calculated.</li> </ul> <p>The model output are gathered according to various cases studies of saturation and water flows. The model settings of the various cases studies are outlined in this file but more details about the mathematical approach and modeling settings and strategy are provided in the study to which the dataset belongs and which was submited for the first time to Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface in July 2020.</p> <ul> <li><strong><em>SaFl </em></strong>corresponds to a saturated with forced water flows case study by assuming a constant recharge and discharge.</li> <li><strong><em>SaNF</em></strong> is a saturated case study with no water flows.</li> <li><strong><em>uSFl</em></strong> corresponds to an unsaturated case study with forced water flows in selected fractures only.</li> <li><strong><em>uSLF</em></strong> is unsaturated with limited water flows.</li> </ul> <p>For <strong><em>SaFl</em></strong> the following output are provided:</p> <ul> <li>Darcy flux (m.s<sup>-1</sup>) at various time step after of transient simulations (1550 AD, 2000 AD, 2015 AD, 2030 AD) such as displayed in Figures S2 and S3.</li> <li>Hydraulic heads (m) after initialization (0 AD) and at various time steps of the transient simulations (1850 AD, 2000 AD, 2015 AD, 2030 AD and 2100 AD) such as in Figure 6 and S3.</li> <li>The ice bulk volumetric fraction at various time step after of transient simulations (2000 AD, 2015 AD, 2030 AD) such as in Figure S3.</li> <li>Temperature (°C) after initialization (0 AD) and at various time steps of the transient simulations (1850 AD, 2000 AD, 2015 AD, 2030 AD and 2100 AD) such as in Figure 4 and S3.</li> </ul> <p>For <strong><em>SaNF </em></strong>the following output are provided:</p> <ul> <li>Temperature (°C) after initialization (0 AD) and for 1850 AD and 2100 AD such as in Figure 4.</li> <li>Hydraulic heads (m) after initialization (0 AD) and for 1850 AD and 2100 AD such as in Figure 6.</li> </ul> <p>For <strong><em>uSFl </em></strong>the following output are provided:</p> <ul> <li>Hydraulic heads (m) and temperature (°C) at 2100 AD such as in Figure 4 and 6.</li> <li>Saturation in 852 AD, 853 AD and 854 AD such as in Figure 5.</li> </ul> <p>For <strong><em>uSLF</em></strong> the following output are provided:</p> <ul> <li>Darcy flux (m.s<sup>-1</sup>) at 1550 AD and 2015 AD such as in Figure S2</li> <li>Hydraulic heads (m) after initialization (0 AD) and at 1850 AD and 2100 AD) such as in Figure 6.</li> <li>Temperature (°C) after initialization (0 AD) and for 1850 AD and 2100 AD such as in Figure 4.</li> </ul> <p>In addition, the temperature and hydrological (hydraulic head changes for the unsaturated cases studies only) forcing data (« Input_data_boundary_conditions.csv ») are provided. This last file contains:</p> <ul> <li><em>A to D</em>: the surface points extracted along the 4-m resolution DEM transect (Horizontal (X) position in m, Vertical (Y) position (elevation in m)) and MARST map (for the period 1961-1990: MARST<sub>init</sub>) as illustrated on Fig. S1, together with the adjusted MARST to run the model initialization simulations.</li> <li><em>F to I</em>: the surface points taken on for forcingthe model at its upper boundary and in between which the forcing data were interpolated.</li> <li><em>L to BH</em>: Data used for transient simulations with the time in year (<em>L</em>), the MARST anomaly applied to the adjusted MARST (<em>M</em>), the time in days (<em>N</em>), the MARST value applied at each surface node from 1 to 23 (<em>O </em>to <em>AK</em>), as well as the changes in head values applied at at each surface node from 1 to 23 (<em>AL </em>to <em>BH</em>) for the concerned simulations.</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>More information can be made available by contacting Florence Magnin or Jean-Yves Josnin at <a href="mailto:florence.magnin@univ-smb.fr"><em>florence.magnin@univ-smb.fr</em></a><em> </em>or <a href="mailto:jean-yves.josnin@univ-smb.fr"><em>jean-yves.josnin@univ-smb.fr</em></a></p>
POPs samples analysis in coastal permafrost soils at Komakuk Beach (Yukon, CA)
<p>The concentration of HCB, 54 congeners PCBs and 22 individual PAHs in 89 active layer and permafrost core samples from Komakuk Beach have been determined by using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (Thermo Scientific Dionex ASE 350) and Gas Chromatography - Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (Trace 1310 GC coupled with TSQ9000 TQMS, Thermo Scientific) at CNR-ISP Venice, Italy.</p>
Supplementary Material no. 2 to the manuscript: Reemission of inorganic pollution from permafrost? – a freshwater hydrochemistry study in the lower Kolyma basin (North-East Siberia)
<p>A dataset on the inorganic chemistry of permafrost-related creeks and ice, thermokarst lakes and the Kolyma river and its tributaries in late July 2021.<br> Companion dataset to the manuscript: "Reemission of inorganic pollution from permafrost? – a freshwater hydrochemistry study in the lower Kolyma basin (North-East Siberia)".<br> Current abstract of the manuscript (prior to peer review):</p> <p>Permafrost regions are under particular pressure from climate change resulting in widespread landscape changes, which impact also freshwater chemistry. We investigated a snapshot of hydrochemistry in various freshwater environments in the lower Kolyma river basin (North-East Siberia, continuous permafrost zone) to explore the mobility of metals, metalloids and non-metals resulting from permafrost thaw. Particular attention was focused on heavy metals as contaminants potentially released from the secondary source in the permafrozen Yedoma complex. Permafrost creeks represented the Mg-Ca-Na-HCO<sub>3</sub>-Cl-SO<sub>4</sub> ionic water type (with mineralisation in the range 600-800 mg/L), while permafrost ice and thermokarst lake waters were the HCO<sub>3</sub>-Ca-Mg type. Multiple heavy metals (As, Cu, Co, Mn and Ni) showed much higher dissolved phase concentrations in permafrost creeks and ice than in Kolyma and its tributaries, and only in the permafrost samples and one Kolyma tributary have we detected dissolved Ti or Hg. In thermokarst lakes, several metal and metalloid dissolved concentrations increased with water depth (Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn - in both lakes; Al, Cu, K, Sb, Sr and Pb in either lake), reaching 1370 µg/L Cu, 4610 µg/L Mn, and 687 µg/L Zn in the bottom water layers. Permafrost-related waters were also enriched in dissolved phosphorus (up to 512 µg/L in Yedoma-fed creeks). The impact of permafrost thaw on river and lake water chemistry is a complex problem which needs to be considered both in the context of legacy permafrost shrinkage and the interference of the deepening active layer with newly deposited antropogenic contaminants.</p>
Data from air, englacial and permafrost temperature measurements on Mt. Ortles (Eastern European Alps)
<p>The *.csv files report the temperature data recorded between 2010 and 2016 and presented in the paper “Modern air, englacial and permafrost temperatures at high altitude on Mt. Ortles, (3905 m a.s.l.) in the Eastern European Alps” (Carturan et al., 2023, submitted). The data were used to display the time series reported in the paper, which details variable names, data quality flags, maintenance logs of field operations, and characteristics of measurement sites.</p> <p>The data files contain measurements of air temperature, englacial temperature, soil surface temperature and rockwall temperature.</p> <p>The file named ‘Ortles_Temperature_Metadata.pdf’ contains information regarding variable names, structure of data files, quality codes, geolocation, and topographic and geomorphological characteristics of sites instrumented for temperature measurements.</p> <p>Reference:</p> <p>Carturan, L., De Blasi, F., Dinale, R., Dragà, G., Gabrielli, P., Mair, V., Seppi, R., Tonidandel, D., Zanoner, T., Zendrini, T. L., and Dalla Fontana, G.: Modern air, englacial and permafrost temperatures at high altitude on Mt. Ortles, (3905 m a.s.l.) in the Eastern European Alps, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-164, in review, 2023.</p>
Greenhouse gas data of permafrost-affected reservoirs on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, 2016-2018
This dataset is a collation of 3-year direct measurement values of CO2, CH4 and N2O concentrations and fluxes of permafrost-affected reservoirs on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, along with information on location and chemical conditions of the study sites. Given the rarity and high value of this data set, it will be very valuable for the next update to global reservoir GHG flux estimates.
Site environmental, climate, water levels and temperatures, vegetation cover, and GIS change detection for assessing permafrost change in fens on the Tanana Flats, central Alaska
This data package provides data used to assess the roles of climate extremes, ecological succession, and hydrology in repeated permafrost aggradation and degradation in fens on the Tanana Flats, central Alaska. The package provides data on site environmental information, Fairbanks climate, vegetation cover, water levels and temperatures, as well as GIS files for fen change detection. The Site data include information on observers, locations, geomorphology, hydrology, soils, vegetation, and disturbance. The table has numerous fields that uses coding for class characteristics and these codes are described in the metadata as well as compiled in the ELS_Arctic_Boreal_Site_Soil_Veg_Code_Sheet_2020.docx. Alaska Climate records for Fairbanks (UAF Experiment Station) from 1904 to 2019 were acquired from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/). Additional data were obtained for the Nenana station (about 70 km southwest of Fairbanks), to fill in small data gaps (particularly precipitation/snow depth ruler measurements) in the Fairbanks record. We attributed the data with fields for summer (May-September) and winter periods (November-March) and hydrologic year (October-September) and calculated mean air temperature, precipitation, and snow depth by seasonal period (average of daily values) and year. The broad summer and winter periods were of interest because warmer and wetter summers increase soil heat input and warmer and snowier winters reduce soil heat loss. Fen hydrology data include information on fen water level/pressure and temperatures collected every two hours at seven sites within fens from 2011 to 2014. Vegetation composition and cover of fens, scrub, and forests was sampled to assess effects of thermokarst on vegetation change. Plant cover was determined by point-sampling at 100 points (including repetitive “hits” for all layers) distributed along 5 equally spaced rows (4-m long, 20 points per row) across the 10-m l
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Aboveground plant biomass, 2009-2017. (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)
This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/275/6, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-bnz/501/17. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. This data set includes aboveground plant biomass from winter warming, summer warming, and control treatment plots at CiPEHR.
Photo-oxidation and photomineralization apparent quantum yield dataset for dissolved organic carbon leached from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska, July 2018.
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was leached from permafrost soils near the Toolik Field Station in the Alaskan Arctic and then characterized for its photochemical properties. Oxygen (O2) consumed from photo-oxidation of permafrost DOC was measured as a function of sunlight wavelength, defined as the apparent quantum yield spectrum of photo-oxidation (O2 consumed per mol photon absorbed by DOC). Carbon dioxide (CO2) produced from photomineralization of permafrost DOC was measured as a function of sunlight wavelength, defined as the apparent quantum yield spectrum of photomineralization (CO2 produced per mol photon absorbed by DOC).
Water chemistry of leachates prepared from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska in the summers of 2015 and 2018
Soils were collected from the frozen permafrost layer (greater than 60 cm below the surface) at six sites underlying tussock or wet sedge vegetation, and on three glacial surfaces on the North Slope of Alaska during the summers of 2015 and 2018. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was leached from each permafrost soil and the water chemistry was analyzed.
Photodegradation of carboxyl DOC from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska in the summer of 2015
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was leached from permafrost soils near the Toolik Field Station in the Alaskan Arctic and then characterized for its photochemical properties. The photodegradation of carboxyl carbon (C) within permafrost DOC was quantified by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
Radiocarbon and stable carbon isotopes of CO2 produced from photomineralization of DOC leached from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska in the summer of 2018
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was leached from permafrost soils near the Toolik Field Station in the Alaskan Arctic and then characterized for its photochemical properties. The radiocarbon (14C) and stable carbon (13C) isotopic compositions of carbon dioxide (CO2) photochemically produced from permafrost DOC were quantified.
Radiocarbon and stable carbon isotope dataset for DOC leached from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska in the summer of 2018
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was leached from permafrost soils near the Toolik Field Station in the Alaskan Arctic. The radiocarbon (14C) and stable carbon (13C) isotopic compositions of permafrost DOC were quantified.
Photomineralization apparent quantum yield at 309 nm for DOC leached from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska in the summer of 2015
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was leached from permafrost soils near the Toolik Field Station in the Alaskan Arctic and then characterized for its photochemical properties. The apparent quantum yield of photomineralization (photochemical carbon dioxide, CO2, production) of permafrost DOC was quantified at 309 nm.
Preparation of DOC leachates from permafrost soils collected from the North Slope of Alaska in the summer of 2018
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was leached from permafrost soils collected from the frozen permafrost layer at five sites underlying moist acidic tussock or wet sedge vegetation, and on three glacial surfaces on the North Slope of Alaska during summer 2018.
Caribou Poker Creek Research Watershed GIS Data: Permafrost
Permafrost distribution areas that have been mapped throughout the Caribou - Poker Creek Research Watershed are presented in ArcGIS format. Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector digital data.
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): The radiocarbon value of ecosystem respiration, 2009-2012 I: Reco.
In this larger study, we are asking the question: Is old carbon that comprises the bulk of the soil organic matter pool released in response to thawing of permafrost? We are answering this question by using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure radiocarbon isotope ratios in soil organic matter, soil respiration, and decomposition in tundra ecosystems. The objective of these proposed measurements is to develop a mechanistic understanding of the SOM sources contributing to C losses following permafrost thawing. We are making these measurements at an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on a natural experiment where permafrost has been observed to warm and thaw over the past several decades. This area represents a gradient of sites each with a different degree of change due to permafrost thawing. As such, this area is unique for addressing questions at the time and spatial scales relevant for change in arctic ecosystems. This data set includes the growing season radiocarbon values of ecosystem and plant respiration at the thaw gradient and CiPEHR (a permafrost warming experiment). Depending on the year, the measurements were taken monthly during the growing season or just once a growing season.
Yukon River Basin Fire and Permafrost Study: Site description and summary of environmental data (2009-2012)
This study was designed to examine the effects of fire on permafrost across three soil landscapes in interior Alaska: rocky uplands, silty uplands, and sandy lowlands. This dataset provides a description of each intensive study site and summarizes soils data, including soil texture, moisture, water stocks, surface organic thickness, thaw depth, and net seasonal heat input. Associated datasets include soil temperature data, plant species data, and detailed soil information by soil layer.
Yukon River Basin Fire and Permafrost Study: Soil physical and chemical characteristics by soil layer and year (2009-2012)
This study was designed to examine the effects of fire on permafrost across three soil landscapes in interior Alaska: rocky uplands, silty uplands, and sandy lowlands. This dataset includes information from each intensive study site on soil stratigraphy, texture, bulk density, moisture, water storage, pH, electrical conductivity, organic and inorganic carbon content, and ice content.
Yukon River Basin Fire and Permafrost Study: Elevation of soil surface and permafrost table along transects with different fire disturbance regimes (2009-2012)
Two 100 - 200 m transects were established on hilly loess deposits in the Yukon Flats near Boot Lake to monitor annual changes in the permafrost table and thaw settlement under different fire disturbance regimes. One was located in an area that burned around 1925; the other transect was located in a 2009 burn. Both transects were partially affected by a fire in 1967. This dataset includes the elevations of the ground surface, permafrost surface, water table, and surface organic thickness measurements. Note that there was compaction of the organic layer due to human disturbance along the portion of the transect that burned in only 1925. These transects are associated with the burned and unburned silty upland sites detailed in related datasets.
Yukon River Basin Fire and Permafrost Study: Plant species cover in burned and unburned evergreen stands (2012)
This study was designed to examine the effects of fire on permafrost across three soil landscapes in interior Alaska: rocky uplands, silty uplands, and sandy lowlands. This vegetation dataset includes percent cover of plant species for each site. See related datasets for site descriptions.
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OpenNeuro
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