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1,102 results for “plant diversity”

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Fig. 2 in Mylabrini diversity and host plants in a Saharan oasis ecosystem with an updated checklist of Meloidae from Algeria (Coleoptera)

Fig. 2 – Blister beetle habitats at Ouled Djellal palm groves; A, Oued El Assel, B, Oued Djdai and C, Saad.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

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Spatial patterns and drivers of native plant diversity in Hainan, China

<p>The Hainan Island has the most extensive and well-preserved tropical forests in China. With rapid economic development of Hainan, biodiversity is increasingly at risk. Determining the spatial patterns of plant diversity in Hainan and explaining the drivers behind plant diversity are important considerations in assessing and maximizing the effectiveness of national parks, such as the newly designated Hainan Rainforest National Park. We assessed phylogenetic diversity patterns, and species richness using 106,252 georeferenced specimen records and a molecular phylogeny of 3,792 native plant species. Based on phylogenetic range-weighted turnover metrics, we divided the Hainan flora into four major floristic units. The Grade of Membership model was used to further verify the four units and to understand their boundaries and the internal structure of each floristic unit. Finally, the best combination model was used to explore the driving mechanisms underlying the division. Our results reveal that central Hainan is the most important hotspot for plant endemism and diversity, followed by the southern. Environmental energy is the main factor determining the spatial patterns of native plant diversity on the island, and accessibility has the greatest impact on native plant diversity among social factors. We explore patterns of spatial phylogenetics and biogeography to identify potential priorities for management and conservation drivers of plant diversity patterns across Hainan, to provide the basis for the effective protection of native plant diversity and the improvement of national parks of Hainan Island.</p>

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

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Higher plant colonisation and lower resident diversity in grasslands more recently abandoned from agriculture

<p>1. Rates of species colonisation and extirpation are increasing in plant communities worldwide. Colonisation could potentially help compensate for, or compound, resident diversity loss that results from global environmental change. 2. We use a multifactorial seed addition grassland experiment to examine relationships between plant colonisation, resident species diversity and key community assembly factors over three years. By manipulating colonist seed rate, imposing disturbance and examining abundance and diversity impacts of 14 formerly absent sown colonists in communities that varied in successional stage and time since agricultural abandonment, we were able to disentangle effects of global change factors (species introduction, novel disturbance and land use change) that are usually confounded. 3. Evidence suggested that cover abundance of sown colonists was most strongly influenced by successional stage of recipient communities, though number of growing seasons was also important for the group of seven colonists with resource conservative "slow" life history traits. Colonist type, seed rate and disturbance had weaker relationships with colonist cover. 4. Factors affecting sown colonist cover were highly conditional. A negative relationship between plot-level disturbance and colonist cover in early successional communities meant that, despite a positive relationship in late succession, colonisation was negatively related to disturbance overall, defying theoretical expectations. 5. Non-sown resident diversity was negatively related to colonist cover and positively related to successional stage. Resource acquisitive colonists with "fast" life history traits appeared to limit cover of "slow colonists" when the two groups were sown together, likely reflecting niche pre-emption. 6. Communities at earlier stages of succession had lower resident diversity and experienced higher levels of colonisation than communities at later stages of succession. Elevated colonisation and lower resident diversity both appeared to be symptoms of human-induced land use change. However, results suggested that resource competition from plant colonists may also limit resident diversity in grasslands abandoned from agriculture more recently. Synthesis: Our findings point to the importance of resource availability and competition on plant colonisation and colonist impacts on residents. Although colonisation is potentially a source of biodiversity in the short-term, our results suggest that plant colonists that reach high abundance may be a further threat to resident plant diversity in secondary grasslands recovering from a recent history of agriculture.</p>

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

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Fig. 5 in Mangroves are an overlooked hotspot of insect diversity despite low plant diversity

Fig. 5 Habitat differentiation by insect guilds (3D NMDS plot of Bray-Curtis distances for habitats with>2 sites)

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2021View details →

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Fig. 4 in Mangroves are an overlooked hotspot of insect diversity despite low plant diversity

Fig. 4 Voronoi treemap of insect guilds across four habitats. Mangroves are represented by four sites (PU=Pulau Ubin, SB=Sungei Buloh, SMO: Semakau old mangrove, SMN: Semakau restored mangrove). Phytophages and fungivores dominate the rain and swamp forests while predators

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2021View details →

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Fig. 2 in Mangroves are an overlooked hotspot of insect diversity despite low plant diversity

Fig. 2 Insect communities across tropical forest habitats are distinct based on Bray-Curtis distances illustrated on 3D NMDS plots. Results are stable even when rare species are removed (a) or the data are split into different taxonomic groups (b)

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2021View details →

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Fig. 1 Insect alpha-diversity across tropical forest habitats. a in Mangroves are an overlooked hotspot of insect diversity despite low plant diversity

Fig. 1 Insect alpha-diversity across tropical forest habitats. a Mangroves treated as one habitat; b Comparison of mangrove sites: Pulau Ubin (PU), Sungei Buloh (SB), Pulau Semakau old-growth (SMO), Pulau Semakau new-growth (SMN), other smaller mangrove fragments (see Additional File 1: Table S13); solid lines = rarefaction; dotted = extrapolations. The arrow on the x-axis indicates the point of rarefaction where species richness comparisons were made (see bar charts for absolute numbers with 95% confidence intervals)

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2021View details →

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Fig. 3 in Mangroves are an overlooked hotspot of insect diversity despite low plant diversity

Fig. 3 Only the diversity of phytophagous and fungivorous insects is correlated with plant diversity based on a linear regression model using rarefied insect species richness (*≤0.05, **≤0.01, ***≤0.001). Color coding of points as in Fig. 2

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2021View details →

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