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114 results for “plant facilitation”
Data from: Cushion plant morphology controls biogenic capability and facilitation effects of Silene acaulis along an elevation gradient
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Soil engineering by ants facilitates plant compensation for large herbivore removal of aboveground biomass
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Competition and facilitation among fungal plant parasites affect their life-history traits
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Data from: Plant-microbial interactions facilitate grassland species coexistence at the community level
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Data from: Can facilitation influence the spatial genetics of the beneficiary plant population?
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Data from: Rapid adaptation to climate facilitates range expansion of an invasive plant
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Introduced plants induce outbreaks of a native pest and facilitate invasion in the plants’ native range: Evidence from the emerald ash borer
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Data from: A native parasitic plant and soil microorganisms facilitate a native plant co-occurrence with an invasive plant
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Data from: Nurse species and indirect facilitation through grazing drive plant community functional traits in tropical alpine peatlands
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Data from: Extreme drought stress shifts net facilitation to neutral interactions between shrubs and sub-canopy plants in an arid desert
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Data from: Trait patterns across space and time suggest an interplay of facilitation and competition acting on Neotropical hummingbird-pollinated plant communities
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Large herbivores facilitate a dominant grassland plant via multiple indirect effects
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Data from: Variation in neighbourhood context shapes frugivore-mediated facilitation and competition among co-dispersed plant species
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Data from: The shift from plant–plant facilitation to competition under severe water deficit is spatially explicit
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Patch-level facilitation fosters high-Andean plant diversity at regional scales
<p>Survey of the alpine vegetation in seven mountains of the Patagonian Andes from January to March of 2017 and 2018. On each mountain, we established one study site at each of three elevations (1600, 1800 and 2000 m). Accordingly, we sampled a total of 21 alpine plant communities (i.e., seven mountains x three elevations) dominated by cushion plants. At each community, 50 individual cushion plants were haphazardly selected within an area of approx. 0.5 ha, pairing each cushion with an adjacent non-cushion or open area 50 cm away in a random direction. In order to sample a similar surface in the surrounding open area, a wire hoop was shaped to match the size of the sampled cushion that was then placed on the ground. The number and identity of all plant species were recorded at both cushion and open area plots. Given that cushion plants are roughly elliptical, microsites were defined as elliptical plots, and thus, the longer and shorter axes of each cushion were measured as an approximate estimation of its area. In total, we sampled 2100 plots (1050 cushion plants and 1050 open area plots).</p>
Pollinator-mediated facilitation alleviates pollen limitation through effects on the quality of plant reproduction
<p>Facilitation and competition among plants sharing pollinators have contrasting consequences for each species' fitness. However, it is unclear whether pollinator-mediated indirect interactions between plants affect plant fitness in a multispecies context. Here, we investigated how pollinator sharing affects pollen limitation (contribution of pollination to fitness) in a tropical hummingbird-pollinated community marked by facilitation. We employed indices describing how much a plant species is important to shared pollinators (acting degree) and have its shared pollinators influenced by other plants (target degree) within the plant-hummingbird network. Since facilitation often increases pollination quantity but not necessarily quality, we expected both indices to be associated with reductions in pollen limitation estimates that depend on pollination quantity (fruit set and seed number) rather than estimates more strictly related to quality (seed weight and germination). Instead, we found that both indices were associated with reductions in pollen limitation only for seed weight and germination. Thus, facilitation acted on qualitative estimates of pollen limitation. Our results suggest that facilitation may enhance plant fitness even if quantitative components of plant fecundity are already saturated. Overall, we showed that pollinator-mediated indirect effects in a multispecies context are important drivers of plant fitness with consequences for coexistence in diverse communities.</p>
Dataset: Plant-plant facilitation increases with reduced phylogenetic relatedness along an elevation gradient
<p>Environmental conditions can modify the intensity and sign of ecological interactions. The stress gradient hypothesis (SGH) predicts that facilitation becomes more important than competition under stressful conditions. To properly test this hypothesis, it is necessary to account for all (not a subset of) interactions occurring in the communities and consider that species do not interact at random but following a specific pattern. We aim to assess elevational changes in facilitation, in terms of species richness, frequency and intensity of the interaction as a function of the evolutionary relatedness between nurses and their associated species. We sampled nurse and their facilitated plant species in two 1000-2000 m. elevation gradients in Mediterranean Chile where low temperature imposes a mortality filter on seedlings. We first estimated the relative importance of facilitation as a mechanism adding new species to communities distributed along these gradients. We then tested whether the frequency and intensity of facilitation increases with elevation, taking into account the evolutionary relatedness of the nurse species and the facilitated species.</p> <p>We found that nurses increase the species richness of the community by up to 35%. Facilitative interactions are more frequent than competitive interactions (56% vs. 44%) and facilitation intensity increased with elevation for interactions involving distantly related lineages. Our results highlight the importance of including an evolutionary dimension in the study of facilitation to have a clearer picture of the mechanisms enabling species to coexist and survive under stressful conditions. This knowledge is especially relevant to conserve vulnerable and threatened communities facing new climate scenarios, such as those located in Mediterranean-type ecosystems.</p>
Data from: Dipteran larvae and microbes facilitate nutrient sequestration in the Nepenthes gracilis pitcher plant host
The fluid-containing traps of Nepenthes carnivorous pitcher plants (Nepenthaceae) are often inhabited by organisms known as inquilines. Dipteran larvae are key components of such communities and are thought to facilitate pitcher nitrogen sequestration by converting prey protein into inorganic nitrogen, although this has never been demonstrated in Nepenthes. Pitcher fluids are also inhabited by microbes, although the relationship(s) between these and the plant is still unclear. In this study, we examined the hypothesis of digestive mutualism between N. gracilis pitchers and both dipteran larvae and fluid microbes. Using dipteran larvae, prey and fluid volumes mimicking in situ pitcher conditions, we conducted in vitro experiments and measured changes in available fluid nitrogen in response to dipteran larvae and microbe presence. We showed that the presence of dipteran larvae resulted in significantly higher and faster releases of ammonium and soluble protein into fluids in artificial pitchers, and that the presence of fluid microbes did likewise for ammonium. We showed also that niche segregation occurs between phorid and culicid larvae, with the former fragmenting prey carcasses and the latter suppressing fluid microbe levels. These results clarify the relationships between several key pitcher-dwelling organisms, and show that pitcher communities facilitate nutrient sequestration in their host.
Data from: Mycorrhizal symbiosis increases the benefits of plant facilitative interactions
The diversity of pathways through which mycorrhizal fungi alter plant coexistence hinders the understanding of their effects on plant-plant interactions. The outcome of plant facilitative interactions can be indirectly affected by mycorrhizal symbiosis, ultimately shaping biodiversity patterns. We tested whether mycorrhizal symbiosis enhances plant facilitative interactions and whether its effect is consistent across different methodological approaches and biological scenarios. We conducted a meta-analysis of 215 cases (involving 21 nurse and 29 facilitated species), in which the performance of a facilitated plant species is measured in the presence or absence of mycorrhizal fungi. We show that mycorrhizal fungi significantly enhance plant facilitative interactions mainly through an increment in plant biomass (aboveground) and nutrient content, although their effects differ across biological contexts. In semiarid environments mycorrhizal symbiosis enhances plant facilitation, while its effect is non-significant in temperate ecosystems. In addition, arbuscular but not ecto-mycorrhizal (EMF) fungi significantly enhances plant facilitation, particularly increasing the P content of the plants more than EMF. Some knowledge gaps regarding the importance of this phenomenon have been detected in this meta-analysis. The effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis on plant facilitation has rarely been assessed in other ecosystems different from semiarid and temperate forests, and rarely considering other fungal benefits provided to plants besides nutrients. Finally, we are still far from understanding the effects of the whole fungal community on plant-plant interactions, and on plant species coexistence.
Data from: Syndromes in suites of correlated traits suggest multiple mechanisms facilitating invasion in a plant range-expander
Various mechanisms can facilitate the success of plant invasions simultaneously, but may be difficult to disentangle. We compared plants of the range-expanding species Bunias orientalis from populations of native, invasive and exotic, not yet invasive origin in a field common garden over two years. Plants were grown under two nitrate-regimes and multiple traits regarding growth, defence, antagonist loads and reproduction were measured. We used a rank-based clustering approach to assign correlated traits to distinct suites. These suites were analysed for "syndromes" that are expressed as a function of population origin and/or fertilisation treatment and might represent different invasion mechanisms. Indeed, distinct suites of traits were differentially affected by these factors. Our results suggest that different pre-adaptation properties, such as certain growth characteristics and intraspecific chemical variation, as well as post-introduction adaptations to antagonists and resource availability in novel habitats are candidate mechanisms that facilitate the success of invasive B. orientalis in parallel. We conclude that rank-based clustering is a robust and expedient approach to integrate multiple traits for elucidating invasion syndromes within individual species. Studying a multitude of traits at different life-history and establishment stages of plants grown under distinct resource treatments reveals species-specific trade-offs and resource sinks and simplifies the interpretation of single trait functions for plant invasiveness.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.