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233 results for “seasonal dynamics”
Fig. 7 in Spatiotemporal dynamics of insect diversity in tropical seasonal forests is linked to season and elevation, a case from northern Thailand
Fig. 7. Monthly variation in Equitability (J) of Diptera assemblages during 12 months of sampling over six 500 m elevation zones at Doi Inthanon in 2014. Only points linking data from elevation zones 2,000–2,500 m and>2,500 m are connected by lines. Equitability declines profoundly at higher elevations between September and November indicating a decline in evenness of Diptera assemblages with corresponding prevalence of a number of relatively abundant species compared with other times of year and other elevations.
Fig. 5 in Spatiotemporal dynamics of insect diversity in tropical seasonal forests is linked to season and elevation, a case from northern Thailand
Fig. 5. Spatiotemporal variation in abundance and species richness of Diptera and Auchenorrhyncha trapped over 12 months sampling over six 500 m elevation zones at Doi Inthanon in 2014. The left panel shows Relative Abundance, A* (number of individuals caught. trap-1. month-1) as log (1+A*) for Diptera (A) and Auchenorryncha (C). The right panel shows observed species richness, S, for Diptera (B) 10 obs and Auchenorryncha (D). Data were plotted on a grid of elevation zone (vertical axis) and months (horizontal axis) and mapped using the multiquadric gridding algorithm in the gridding module of PAST. Values of log10(1+A*) and Sobs are indicated by the colour scale bars. Data are not available for January and February at <500 m and 500–1,000 m.
Figure 1 in Seasonal dynamics of mites (Acari) in pastures and meadows in Poland, with species analysis of Oribatida
Figure 1 Location of the study plots. G – goose pasture and meadow, Go – goat pasture and meadow, F – fallow deer pasture and meadow.
Figure 3 in Seasonal dynamics of mites (Acari) in pastures and meadows in Poland, with species analysis of Oribatida
Figure 3 Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) for most abundantA(> 0.5) oribatid species (adults and juveniles). Season, eigenvalues for
Figure 2 in Seasonal dynamics of mites (Acari) in pastures and meadows in Poland, with species analysis of Oribatida
Figure 2 Age structure of Oribatida in spring (Sp), summer (Su) and autumn (Au); a, b – significant difference between seasons atp ≤ 0.05; the same letter indicates that difference is not significant. Adult pasturep-value=0.236, juvenile pasture p-value=0.011, adult meadowp-value=0.156, juvenile meadowp-value=0.080.
Figure 4 in Seasonal dynamics of mites (Acari) in pastures and meadows in Poland, with species analysis of Oribatida
Figure 4 Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) for most abundant oribatid species (adults and juveniles) with A>(0.5). Study site eigenvalues for axis 1 ʎ = 0.50 (84.07%), for axis 2 ʎ = 0.02 (3.08%). Pasture and meadow in spring (sp), summer (su) and autumn (au). A_col – Achipteria coleoptrata, E_occ – Eupelops occultus, L_sim – Liebstadia similis, M_pul – Metabelba pulverosa, P_pel – Platynothrus peltifer, P_pun – Punctoribates punctum, S_lae – Scheloribates laevigatus, S_imm – Sellnickochthonius immaculatus, T_vel – Tectocepheus velatus, T_nov – Trichoribates novus.
Data from: Additive genetic and environmental variation interact to shape the dynamics of seasonal migration in a wild bird population
<p><span>Dissecting joint micro-evolutionary and plastic responses to environmental perturbations requires quantifying interacting components of genetic and environmental variation underlying expression of key traits. This ambition is particularly challenging for phenotypically discrete traits where multiscale decompositions are required to reveal non-linear transformations of underlying genetic and environmental variation into phenotypic variation, and when effects must be estimated from incomplete field observations. We devised a joint multistate capture-recapture and quantitative genetic animal model and fitted this model to full-annual-cycle resighting data from partially-migratory European shags (<em>Gulosus</em> <em>aristotelis</em>) to estimate key components of genetic, environmental and phenotypic variance in the ecologically critical discrete trait of seasonal migration versus residence. We demonstrate non-negligible additive genetic variance in latent liability for migration, resulting in detectable micro-evolutionary responses following two episodes of strong survival selection. Further, liability-scale additive genetic effects interacted with substantial permanent individual and temporary environmental effects to generate complex non-additive effects on expressed phenotypes, causing substantial intrinsic gene-by-environment interaction variance on the phenotypic scale. Our analyses therefore reveal how temporal dynamics of partial seasonal migration arise from combinations of instantaneous micro-evolution and within-individual phenotypic consistency, and highlight how intrinsic phenotypic plasticity could expose genetic variation underlying discrete traits to complex forms of selection.</span></p>
Stage-mediated priority effects and season lengths shape long-term competition dynamics
<p>The relative arrival time of species can affect their interactions and thus determine which species persist in a community. Although this phenomenon, called priority effect, is widespread in natural communities, it is unclear how it depends on the length of growing season. Using a seasonal stage-structured model, we show that differences in stages of interacting species could generate priority effects by altering the strength of stabilizing and equalizing coexistence mechanisms, changing outcomes between exclusion, coexistence, and positive frequency dependence. However, these priority effects are strongest in systems with just one or a few generations per season and diminish in systems where many overlapping generations per season dilute the importance of stage-specific interactions. Our model reveals a novel link between the number of generations in a season and the consequences of priority effects, suggesting that consequences of phenological shifts driven by climate change should depend on specific life histories of organisms.</p>
Data and code from: Breakdown in seasonal dynamics of subtropical ant communities with land-cover change
<p><span>Concerns about widespread human-induced declines in insect populations are mounting, yet little is known about how land-use change modifies the dynamics of insect communities, particularly in understudied regions. Here, we examine how the seasonal activity patterns of ants—key drivers of terrestrial ecosystem functioning—vary with anthropogenic land-cover change on a subtropical island landscape, and whether differences in temperature or species composition can explain observed patterns. Using trap captures sampled biweekly over two years from a biodiversity monitoring network covering Okinawa Island, Japan, we processed 1.2 million individuals and reconstructed activity patterns within and across habitat types. Forest communities exhibited greater temporal variability of activity than those in more developed areas. Using time-series decomposition to deconstruct this pattern, we found that sites with greater human development exhibited ant communities with diminished seasonality, reduced synchrony, and higher stochasticity compared to sites with greater forest cover. Our results cannot be explained by variation in regional or site temperature patterns, or by differences in species richness or composition among sites. Our study raises the possibility that disruptions to natural seasonal patterns of functionally key insect communities may comprise an important and underappreciated consequence of global environmental change that must be better understood across Earth's biomes.</span></p>
Climate-associated variation in the within-season dynamics of juvenile ticks in California
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Data and scripts for: Genetic dissection of seasonal vegetation index dynamics in maize through aerial based high-throughput phenotyping
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Modelling seasonal dynamics of secondary growth in R
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Data from: Additive genetic and environmental variation interact to shape the dynamics of seasonal migration in a wild bird population
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Stage-mediated priority effects and season lengths shape long-term competition dynamics
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Data from: Temporal dynamics of selection on early-life phenotypic plasticity in seasonal migration versus residence
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Data and code from: Breakdown in seasonal dynamics of subtropical ant communities with land-cover change
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Net ecosystem exchange measurements throughout the 2020 growing season across an N fertilization gradient:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Dataset for "Seasonal dynamics of the COS and CO2 exchange of a managed temperate grassland"
<p>Data of measurements and model output of the publication "Seasonal dynamics of the COS and CO<sub>2</sub> exchange of a managed temperate grassland". https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2020-27</p> <p>Data consists of micrometeorological data, COS and CO<sub>2</sub> flux measurements for a managed temperate mountain grassland in Austria.</p> <p>For additional information please contact: <a href="mailto:Georg.Wohlfahrt@uibk.ac.at">Georg.Wohlfahrt@uibk.ac.at</a></p> <p>changes in version 2: includes extrapolated COS mixing ratios & includes the ustar filter for the flux data</p> <p>changes in version 3: corrected every instance of mixing ratio with mole fraction </p>
Learning from dynamic traits: Seasonal shifts yield insights into ecophysiological tradeoffs across scales from macroevolutionary to intra-individual
<p><strong>Premise of the Research.</strong> Phylogenetic comparative methods provide a powerful approach for exploring the macroevolution of plant functional traits. Such approaches can uncover trait-trait correlations through evolutionary time, as well as provide evidence of the role of traits in adaptation across environmental gradients. For continuous traits, most phylogenetic comparative approaches to date employ a single trait value per species, often a mean of sampled individuals, or alternatively incorporate intraspecific variation as a distribution around such a mean. It has been known for quite some time that many of the most physiologically and ecologically important plant traits are actually highly plastic, changing dynamically across a growing season, with whole-plant development, or in response to environmental conditions. Here we demonstrate one possible approach to assessing the evolution of such dynamic traits, the use of function-valued phylogenetic comparative methods.<br> <strong>Methodology.</strong> Leaf traits were sampled across 25 taxa in the genus <em>Cornus</em> at six time points throughout the growing season in a common garden context, followed by contrasting sets of alternative analyses to demonstrate the consequences of researcher decisions on study conclusions.<br> <strong>Pivotal Results. </strong>The vast majority of assessed traits exhibit substantial seasonal shifts. These shifts cause traditional macroevolutionary correlations assessed at different sampling dates to yield conflicting results. Function-valued approaches indicate that seasonal shifts in many traits are evolutionarily correlated, with implications for the origin of trait-trait tradeoffs. Seasonal trait plasticity is also evolutionarily correlated with native habitat environmental gradients across <em>Cornus</em>.<br> <strong>Conclusions.</strong> Because a very large number of plant functional traits are not fixed, but vary dynamically over time or with environmental conditions, stronger insights into the evolution of plant functional traits can emerge when this dynamism is explicitly incorporated into phylogenetic comparative approaches. We encourage the adoption of such approaches, as well as the development of better tools for doing so.</p>
Data from: Microclimate predicts within-season distribution dynamics of montane forest birds
Aim Climate changes are anticipated to have pervasive negative effects on biodiversity and are expected to necessitate widespread range shifts or contractions. Such projections are based upon the assumptions that (1) species respond primarily to broad-scale climatic regimes, or (2) that variation in climate at fine spatial scales is less relevant at coarse spatial scales. However, in montane forest landscapes, high degrees of microclimate variability could influence occupancy dynamics and distributions of forest species. Using high-resolution bird survey and under-canopy air temperature data, we tested the hypothesis that the high vagility of most forest bird species combined with the heterogeneous thermal regime of mountain landscapes would enable them to adjust initial settlement decisions to track their thermal niches. Location Western Cascade Mountains, Oregon, USA. Methods We used dynamic occupancy models to test the degree to which microclimate affects the distribution patterns of forest birds in a heterogeneous mountain environment. In all models we statistically accounted for vegetation structure, vegetation composition and potential biases due to imperfect detection of birds. We generated spatial predictions of forest bird distributions in relation to microclimate and vegetation structure. Results Fine-scale temperature metrics were strong predictors of bird distributions; effects of temperature on within-season occupancy dynamics were as large or larger (1–1.7 times) than vegetation effects. Most species (86.7%) exhibited apparent within-season occupancy dynamics. However, species were almost as likely to be warm associated (i.e., apparent settlement at warmer sites and/or vacancy at cooler sites; 53.3% of species) as cool associated (i.e., apparent settlement at cooler sites and/or vacancy at warmer sites; 46.7% of species), suggesting that microclimate preferences are species specific. Main conclusions High-resolution temperature data increase the quality of predictions about avian distribution dynamics and should be included in efforts to project future distributions. We hypothesize that microclimate-associated distribution patterns may reflect species' potential for behavioural buffering from climate change in montane forest environments.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.