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128 results for “shadows”
Theoretical investigations on shadow band correction factors for diffuse radiation under isotropic conditions without approximation dataset
<p>The database consists of: </p> <p>1. The data for the correction factors C<sub>h</sub> and C<sub>e </sub> (<strong>Data file for factors Ch and Ce</strong>);</p> <p>2. The data for figures 20, 21 and 22 (<strong>Data file for Figure 20, 21 and 22</strong>) ;</p> <p>3. The data for figure 23 (<strong>Data file for Figure 23</strong>) ;</p> <p>4. The data for figure 24 (<strong>Data file for Figure 24</strong>) ;</p> <p>5. The data for figure 25 (<strong>Data file for Figure 26</strong>) ;</p> <p>6. The data for figure 26 (<strong>Data file for Figure 26</strong>);</p> <p>7. The data for figure 27 (<strong>Data file for Figure 27</strong>) ;</p> <p>8. The data for figure 28 (<strong>Data file for Figure 28</strong>) ;</p> <p>9. The data for the correction factors C<sub>h</sub>, C<sub>e</sub> and C<sub>B</sub> (<strong>Data file of comparison with Burek</strong>) ;</p> <p>10. The data for the correction factors C<sub>h</sub>, C<sub>e</sub> and C<sub>D</sub> (<strong>Data file of comparison with Drummond</strong>);</p> <p>11. Reference 7 (<strong>Michael J. Brooks and Lance W. Roberts (2016)</strong>)</p>
Spatial clustering of trumpetfish shadowing behaviour in the Caribbean Sea revealed by citizen science
<p>The West Atlantic trumpetfish (Aulostomus maculatus) performs an unusual hunting strategy, termed shadowing, whereby a trumpetfish swims closely behind or next to another 'host' species to facilitate the capture of prey. Despite trumpetfish being observed throughout the Caribbean, observations of this behaviour appear to be concentrated to a handful of localities. Here we assess the degree of geographical clustering of shadowing behaviour throughout the Caribbean Sea, and identify ecological features associated with the likelihood of its occurrence. To do this, we used a citizen science approach by creating and distributing an online survey to target frequent divers across this region. While the vast majority of participants observed trumpetfish on nearly every dive across the Caribbean, using random labelling spatial analyses, we found the frequency of shadowing behaviour was geographically clustered; participants that were within ~ 120 km of each other reported observations of shadowing that were more similar than would be expected by chance. Our survey also highlighted that trumpetfish were more likely to be observed shadowing than observed alone in a particular habitat type, and with particular host species, suggesting potential ecological factors that could drive the uneven distribution of this behaviour. Our results demonstrate that this behavioural hunting strategy is spatially clustered and, more generally, highlight the power of using citizen science to investigate variation in animal behaviour over thousands of square kilometres.</p>
On following pages: 165. Unstriped Ground Squirrel (Xerus rutilus); 166. Damara Ground Squirrel (Geosciurus princeps davidianus); 169. Forrest's Rock Squirrel (Sciurotamias forresti); 170. Siberian Chipmunk (Tamias sibiricus); 171. Least (Tamias townsendii); 174. Red-tailed Chipmunk (Tamias ruficaudus); 175. Shadow Chipmunk (Tamias senex); 176.); 167. South African Ground Squirrel (Geosciurus inauris); 168. Pere David's Rock Squirrel (Sciurotamias Chipmunk (Tamias minimus); 172. Yellow-pine Chipmunk (7Tamias amoenus); 173. Townsend's Chipmunk Uinta Chipmunk (Tamias umbrinus). in Sciuridae
On following pages: 165. Unstriped Ground Squirrel (Xerus rutilus); 166. Damara Ground Squirrel (Geosciurus princeps davidianus); 169. Forrest's Rock Squirrel (Sciurotamias forresti); 170. Siberian Chipmunk (Tamias sibiricus); 171. Least (Tamias townsendii); 174. Red-tailed Chipmunk (Tamias ruficaudus); 175. Shadow Chipmunk (Tamias senex); 176.); 167. South African Ground Squirrel (Geosciurus inauris); 168. Pere David's Rock Squirrel (Sciurotamias Chipmunk (Tamias minimus); 172. Yellow-pine Chipmunk (7Tamias amoenus); 173. Townsend's Chipmunk Uinta Chipmunk (Tamias umbrinus).
Sailor Shadow
Felicidades Naty! Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Zotero-Literature SNF-Project In the Shadow of the Tree
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Data in Effects of wind velocity and nebkha geometry on shadow dune formation
<p>File in this dataset include all the data in this manuscript, such as the flow data numerical simulation, flow and sand deposition data in wind tunnel simulation, and some other remote sense data.</p>
Data in "Effects of Wind Velocity and Nebkha Geometry on Shadow Dune Formation"
<p>This file includes the data for wind flow, sand deposition and relevant materials in manuscript "<strong>Effects of Wind Velocity and Nebkha Geometry on Shadow Dune Formation" </strong></p>
FIGURE 1 in Shedding light on a species from the shadows: the case of Paepalanthus macaheensis (Eriocaulaceae)
FIGURE 1. Details from the protologue and type specimens of Paepalanthus macaheensis Körn. A. Detail of the protologue containing the type citation (Koernicke 1871). B. Herbarium sheet label of the specimen Glaziou 4284 deposited at C. C. Herbarium sheet label of the specimen Glaziou 4282 deposited at C (Herbarium photos: M. Trovó).
FIGURE 4 in Shedding light on a species from the shadows: the case of Paepalanthus macaheensis (Eriocaulaceae)
FIGURE 4. Distribution map of Paepalanthus macaheensis Körn. provided by CNCFlora following the standards described in Martinelli & Moraes (2013).
FIGURE 2 in Shedding light on a species from the shadows: the case of Paepalanthus macaheensis (Eriocaulaceae)
FIGURE 2. Paepalanthus macaheensis Körn. A. Habit. B. Capitulum detail. C. Involucral bract abaxial surface. D. Floral bract abaxial surface. E. Complete pistillate flower F. Gynoecium. G. Complete staminate flower with the corolla margin rolled inwards. H. Staminate flower with sepals removed and the corolla margin rolled inwards (Forzza, R.C. et al. 4991, RB).
FIGURE 3 in Shedding light on a species from the shadows: the case of Paepalanthus macaheensis (Eriocaulaceae)
FIGURE 3. Paepalanthus macaheensis Körn. A. Habitat. B. Habit detail. C. Forno Grande State Park, Espírito Santo (Photos: C.N. Fraga).
Data from: Collateral damage or a shadow of safety? The effects of signaling heterospecific neighbors on the risks of parasitism and predation
Although males often display from mixed-species aggregations, the influence of nearby heterospecifics on risks associated with sexual signaling has not been previously examined. We tested whether predation and parasitism risks depend on proximity to heterospecific signalers. Using field playback experiments with calls of two species that often display from the same ponds, túngara frogs and hourglass treefrogs, we tested two hypotheses: (1) Calling near heterospecific signalers attractive to eavesdroppers results in increased attention from predatory bats and parasitic midges (Collateral Damage hypothesis); or (2) Calling near heterospecific signalers reduces an individual's predation and parasitism risks, as eavesdroppers are drawn to the heterospecifics (Shadow of Safety hypothesis). Bat visitation was not affected by calling neighbors. The number of frog-biting midges attracted to hourglass treefrog calls, however, rose threefold when played near túngara calls, supporting the collateral damage hypothesis. We thus show that proximity to heterospecific signalers can drastically alter both the absolute risks of signaling and the relative strengths of pressures from predation and parasitism. Through these mechanisms, interactions between heterospecific guild members are likely to influence the evolution of signaling strategies and the distribution of species at both local and larger scales.
ASanity: On Bug Shadowing by Early ASan Exits
<p>This Dataset contains the script as well as the dataset used to evaluate the existence of shadowed bugs in OSS-Fuzz, the basis of the paper ASanity: On Bug Shadowing by Early ASan Exits by Vincent Ulitzsch, Deniz Scholz, and Dominik Maier and published in <em>IEEE Workshop on Offensive Technologies (Woot) 2023</em></p>
Data from: Four scenarios in which shadow competition should be prominent and factors affecting its strength
<p>Shadow competition is the interception of moving prey by a predator closer to its arrival source, preventing its availability to predators downstream. Shadow competition is likely common in nature, and unlike some other competition types, has a strong spatial component (with the exception of competition for space, which clearly also has a spatial component). We used an individual-based spatially-explicit simulation model to examine whether shadow competition takes place and which factors affect it in four scenarios considering ambush predators and active prey. First, when prey capture is uncertain ('the ricochet effect'). Here, the strength of shadow competition increases when it is harder to capture prey after the first unsuccessful capture attempt, whereas shadow competition is moderated if capture success is higher in successive attempts. Second, shadow competition becomes stronger when predators can capture prey arriving only from certain directions. Third, when prey tend to move along a barrier after encountering it. Here, predators located along this barrier may be more successful than those at random positions, but shadow competition in this scenario drastically decreases the capture success of predators in central positions along a barrier (i.e., having more than a single neighbour). Finally, in three-level systems of plants in clusters, herbivores searching for plants, and predators ambushing herbivores inside plant patches, predators with ambush locations in the periphery of plant patches are more successful than those at the patch center, especially at high predator densities. Our simulation indicates that shadow competition is plausibly relevant in various scenarios of ambush predators and prey, and that it varies based on the habitat structure and capture probability of prey by predators as well as the change in capture probability with successive encounters.</p>
The long shadow of the big lie: How beliefs about the legitimacy of the 2020 election spill over onto future elections
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Data from: Four scenarios in which shadow competition should be prominent and factors affecting its strength
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Data from: In the shadows: phylogenomics and coalescent species delimitation unveil cryptic diversity in a Cerrado endemic lizard (Squamata: Tropidurus)
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Data from: Why we do not expect dispersal probability density functions based on a single mechanism to fit real seed shadows
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Spatial clustering of trumpetfish shadowing behaviour in the Caribbean Sea revealed by citizen science
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Data from: Rain shadow effects predict population differences in thermal tolerance of leaf-cutting ant workers (Atta cephalotes)
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.