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Fig. 10 in The origin and diversification of the Entorrhizales: deep evolutionary roots but recent speciation with a phylogenetic and phenotypic split between associates of the Cyperaceae and Juncaceae

Fig. 10 Juncorrhiza oxycarpi (holotype) on Juncus oxycarpus: a–b spores in the living host cells seen by light microscopy; c–d spores seen by light microscopy, median and superficial views; e–g spores seen by

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Fig. 1 A in The origin and diversification of the Entorrhizales: deep evolutionary roots but recent speciation with a phylogenetic and phenotypic split between associates of the Cyperaceae and Juncaceae

Fig. 1 A root galls and spores of Juncorrhiza casparyana associated with Juncus articulatus: a plant roots with galls (arrowed); b coiled hyphae (arrowed) and spores in root cells. Scale bar = 20 μm

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Fig. 8 in The origin and diversification of the Entorrhizales: deep evolutionary roots but recent speciation with a phylogenetic and phenotypic split between associates of the Cyperaceae and Juncaceae

Fig. 8 Juncorrhiza maritima (holotype) on Juncus ranarius: a–b spores in host cells seen by light microscopy; c–d spores seen by light microscopy, median and superficial views; e–h spores seen by scanning electron microscopy. Scale bars: e 30 μm, f 20 μm, a–d, g–h 10 μm

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FIGURE 2 in Massif Speciation Events in New Caledonian Lizards: Diversification in the Genus Marmorosphax (Scincidae) Tracks Isolation on the Island's Ultramafic Surfaces

FIGURE 2. Persistent high elevation cloud formation on northwest Massif Katépahié (adjacent to the Massif de Koniambo) during the dry season.

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FIGURE 5 in Massif Speciation Events in New Caledonian Lizards: Diversification in the Genus Marmorosphax (Scincidae) Tracks Isolation on the Island's Ultramafic Surfaces

FIGURE 5. Phylogenetic relationships amongst the species and populations of Marmorosphax. Likelihood topology with UFboot and BPP Bayesian posterior probabilities shown respectively. UFboot equal to 100 and BPP equal to 1.0 are represented at nodes with black circles. The numbers in squares represent the four major groups of Marmorosphax and numbers present in circles represent groups for pairwise comparisons. – indicate nodes not recovered by both phylogenetic analyses.

Fig. 7 in Incipient sympatric speciation via host race formation in Phengaris arion (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Fig. 7 Myrmica species composition on syntopic sampling sites of spring and summer arion in the Aggtelek Karst region of Hungary. The area of pie-charts is proportional to the number of nests and pitfall traps at that site

Fig. 5 in Incipient sympatric speciation via host race formation in Phengaris arion (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Fig. 5 Differences in Wolbachia infestation between the spring and the summer type of P. arion: a differences between the spring and the summer-type specimens from Korlát hill in the Wolbachia quantity on 1% agarose gel; b box-plots showing the difference in infestation levels as

Fig. 2 in Incipient sympatric speciation via host race formation in Phengaris arion (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

Fig. 2 Unrooted neighbour joining tree based on a pairwise FST matrix. The abbreviations are the same as in Suppl. Table S1. The letter 'T' in the sample codes refers to spring arion, the letter 'N' indicates summer arion

Fig. 5. Parsimony splits network constructed from a per and ITS2 concatenated sequence data set. Heterozygous specimens are indicated with A and B in Ecological and geographical speciation in Lucilia bufonivora: The evolution of amphibian obligate parasitism

Fig. 5. Parsimony splits network constructed from a per and ITS2 concatenated sequence data set. Heterozygous specimens are indicated with A and B. 'bufonivora_EUROPE_A' represents a consistent haplotype present in all 12 samples from Europe (Table 1), of which just two were heterozygous ('bufonivora_frog' and 'bufonivora_NLWi'). 'bufonivora_CAN' and 'elongata_CAN' are represented by two samples each, none of which were heterozygous. Scale bar represents expected changes per site.

Fig. 2. Bayesian Inference tree constructed from Internal transcribed Spacer 2 in Ecological and geographical speciation in Lucilia bufonivora: The evolution of amphibian obligate parasitism

Fig. 2. Bayesian Inference tree constructed from Internal transcribed Spacer 2 (non-coding) sequence data. Each specimen is labelled with the species name and location abbreviation as indicated in Table 1. Green text corresponds to European samples of Lucilia bufonivora; red represents Lucilia elongata; purple represents Canadian L. bufonivora; orange represents Lucilia silvarum. Scale bar represents expected changes per site. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 6. Divergence times estimated from a in Ecological and geographical speciation in Lucilia bufonivora: The evolution of amphibian obligate parasitism

Fig. 6. Divergence times estimated from a concatenated data set of per, COX1 and ITS2 sequences for the Lucilia bufornivora species group. Substitution model and relaxed clock models were unlinked for each gene. The tree was calibrated by setting the root to the node age corresponding to the split between Luciilinae and Calliphorinae subfamilies (~19 mya) as estimated by Wallman et al. (2005). Blue bars represent 95% highest posterior density (HPD) of each node age. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 1 in Ecological and geographical speciation in Lucilia bufonivora: The evolution of amphibian obligate parasitism

Fig. 1. Location of samples for which the COX1 gene was sequenced in this study. Boxes represent the locations of individual samples: red, Lucilia elongata; orange, Lucilia silvarum; green, Lucilia bufonivora.

Figure 7. Hygrobates calliger clade 3 in Evidence of cryptic speciation in the Hygrobates calliger complex (Acariformes, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species

Figure 7. Hygrobates calliger clade 3 (A-B, ♂ CCDB 38392 D12, Sila, Italy; C-D, ♀ CCDB 38392 A04, Serra San Bruno, Italy): A – posteromedial margin of Cx-I+II, medial margin of Cx-IV and genital field; B – palp, medial view (inset: P-2 ventrodistal projection, 2x enlarged); C – genital field; D – Palp, lateral view (inset: P-2 ventrodistal projection, 2x enlarged). Scale bar = 100 μm.

Figure 6. Hygrobates calliger clade 2 in Evidence of cryptic speciation in the Hygrobates calliger complex (Acariformes, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species

Figure 6. Hygrobates calliger clade 2 (A-B, ♂ CCDB 38361 C06, Crkvine, Montenegro; C-D, ♀, CCDB 38560 D11, Schwarzwald, Germany): A – Posteromedial margin of Cx-I+II, medial margin of Cx-IV and genital field; B, D – palp, medial view (P-1 lacking in Fig. 6B; inset: P-2 ventrodistal projection, 2x enlarged); C – genital field. Scale bar = 100 μm.

Figure 2 in Evidence of cryptic speciation in the Hygrobates calliger complex (Acariformes, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species

Figure 2. Results of ASAP analysis for COI sequences. (A) Distribution of pairwise differences, (B) Ranked pairwise differences.

Figure 3 in Evidence of cryptic speciation in the Hygrobates calliger complex (Acariformes, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species

Figure 3. Distribution of investigated clades of the Hygrobates calliger-complex. 1 – H. calliger clade 1; 2 – H. calliger clade 2; 3 – H. calliger clade 3; 4 – H. tyrrhenicus sp. nov.; 5 – H. calliger clade 5; 6 – H. ponticus sp. nov.

Figure 5. Hygrobates calliger clade 1 in Evidence of cryptic speciation in the Hygrobates calliger complex (Acariformes, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species

Figure 5. Hygrobates calliger clade 1 (D-E, ♂ CCDB 38679 A04, Poseljani, Montenegro. A-C, ♀, Argen, Germany; A-B – CCDB 38560 D02; C – CCDB 38560 D01): A – posteromedial margin of Cx-I+II, medial margin of Cx-IV and genital field; B,E – palp, medial view (inset: P-2 ventrodistal projection, 2x enlarged); C-D – genital field. Scale bar = 100 μm.

Figure 9 in Evidence of cryptic speciation in the Hygrobates calliger complex (Acariformes, Hydrachnidia, Hygrobatidae) with the description of two new species

Figure 9. Hygrobates tyrrhenicus sp. nov., ♀ paratype CCDB 38559 A07, Ruisseau de l'Umbert acciu, Corsica: A – posteromedial margin of Cx-I+II, medial margin of Cx-IV and genital field; B – palp, medial view (inset: P-2 ventrodistal projection, 2x enlarged); C – chelicera; C – I-L-4-6. Scale bar = 100 μm.

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Fig. 13 in Phyletic evolution and iterative speciation in the persistent Pristiograptus dubius lineage

Fig. 13. SEM micrographs of Ludfordian graptolites Pristiograptus dubius postmagnus subsp. nov. and Pristiograptus dubius labiatus Urbanek, 1997. A–C. Pristiograptus dubius postmagnus subsp. nov., Mielnik−1 borehole, Poland, depth 780.5 m; Monograptus (Uncinatograptus) acer Biozone. A. ZPAL G.44/48, lateral view of rhabdosome (A1), the thecal lip with connection to the succeeding theca (A2), and proximal end of rhabdosome (A3). B. ZPAL G.44/49, lateral view of rhabdosome sicula with rings (B1) and proximal end of rhabdosome (B2). C. ZPAL G.44/50, medial part of rhabdosome (C2), enlargements showing connections to the succeeding thecae (C1, C3). D–F. Pristiograptus dubius labiatus Urbanek, 1997, Mielnik−1 borehole, Poland, depth 753.3 m; Monograptus (Uncinatograptus) spineus–Neocolonograptus parultimus Interzone. D. ZPAL G.44/51, general view of rhabdosome (D1), sicula with two first thecae and depression on th1 lip (D). E. ZPAL G.44/52, lateral view of rhabdosome (E) and proximal end of rhabdosome (E). F. ZPAL 2 1 2 G.44/53, lateral view of rhabdosome (F1) enlargement of proximal end (F2).