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FIG. 11 in Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais)

FIG. 11. — Dirphia seraphini Bouvier, 1929: A, ♂, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), Coll. FB; B, ♀, Guyane, Saint-Georges, Piton Rocheux Remarquable 3°43'N/ 52°19'0, Coll. FB (Env. 128 mm).

FIG. 4 in Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais)

FIG. 4. — Hylesia (Hylesia) inducayalex Brechlin & Meister, 2016: A, ♂, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), Coll. FB (Env. 43 mm); B, ♀ Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), Coll. FB (Env. 60 mm); C, Hylesia (Hylesia) ernestonis Strand, 1920 ♂, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), Coll. FB (Env. 37 mm). Photographies: B, C, F. Robin.

FIG. 1 in Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais)

FIG. 1. — Lonomia parobliqua Brechlin, Meister & Mielke, 2011: A, ♂, Guyane, Sinnamary, CIRAD, Piste de la Pointe Combi pk1.8, Coll. FB. (Env. 72 mm); B, ♀, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), MNHN, spécimen barcodé CO1-AE6 (Env. 71 mm).

FIG. 3. — A, B in Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais)

FIG. 3. — A, B, Lonomia cayennensis Brechlin & Meister, 2019: A, ♂, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), Coll. FB (Env. 73 mm); B, ♀, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), MNHN, spécimen barcodé CO1-AE5 (Env. 95 mm); C, Lonomia achelous (Cramer, 1777), ♂, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), MNHN, spécimen barcodé CO1-AD7 (Env. 74 mm). Photographies: A, C, F. Robin.

FIG. 10 in Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais)

FIG. 10. — Dirphia fraterna (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874): A, ♂, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), Coll FB (Env. 81 mm); B, ♀, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), Coll. FB (Env. 105 mm). Photographie: A, F. Robin.

FIG. 9 in Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais)

FIG. 9. — Dirphia aculea Vuillot, 1892: A, ♂, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), MNHN, spécimen barcodé CO1-AF8 (Env. 69 mm); B, ♂, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), Coll. FB (Env. 76 mm). Photographies: A, F. Robin.

FIG. 2 in Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais)

FIG. 2. — Lonomia rubroguyana Brechlin & Meister, 2019: A, ♂, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), MNHN, spécimen barcodé CO1-AE7 (Env. 69 mm); B, ♂, Guyane, Régina, Mont Chauve, Coll. FB, spécimen barcodé CO1-AI9 (Env. 70 mm); C, ♀, Guyane, Régina, Mont Chauve, MNHN, spécimen barcodé CO1-AJ1 (Env. 84 mm).

opencc-zeroDec 2020View details →

F in Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais)

F IG. 5. — Hylesia (Hylesia) moronensis moronensis Lemaire, 1976: A, ♂, Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), Coll. FB (Env. 54 mm); B, ♀, Guyane, Régina, Réserve Biologique des Nouragues, Camp Pararé, Coll. FB (Env. 66 mm). Photographies: F. Robin.

FIG. 12 in Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais)

FIG. 12. — Dirphia thliptophana thliptophana (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874) ♂. Guyane, Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ), Coll. FB (Env. 89 mm).

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Predictors of genomic differentiation within a hybrid taxon

Hybridization is increasingly recognized as an important evolutionary force. Novel genetic methods now enable us to address how the genomes of parental species are combined in hybrid lineages. However, we still do not know the relative importance of admixed proportions, genome architecture and local selection in shaping hybrid genomes. Here, we take advantage of the genetically divergent island populations of Italian sparrow on Crete, Corsica and Sicily to investigate the predictors of genomic variation within a hybrid taxon. We test if differentiation is affected by recombination rate, selection, or variation in ancestry proportions. We find that the relationship between recombination rate and differentiation is less pronounced within hybrid lineages than between the parent species, as expected if purging of minor parent ancestry in low recombination regions reduces the variation available for differentiation. In addition, we find that differentiation between islands is correlated with differences in signatures of selection in two out of three comparisons. Signatures of selection within islands are correlated across all islands, suggesting that shared selection may mould genomic differentiation. The best predictor of strong differentiation within islands is the degree of differentiation from house sparrow, and hence loci with Spanish sparrow ancestry may vary more freely. Jointly, this suggests that constraints and selection interact in shaping the genomic landscape of differentiation in this hybrid species.

dryad40/100

Imprints of latitude, host taxon and decay stage on fungus-associated arthropod communities

Interactions among fungi and insects involve hundreds of thousands of species. While insect communities on plants have formed some of the classic model systems in ecology, fungus-based communities and the forces structuring them remain poorly studied by comparison. We characterize the arthropod communities associated with fruiting bodies of eight mycorrhizal basidiomycete fungus species from three different orders along a 1200-km latitudinal gradient in northern Europe. We hypothesized that—matching the pattern seen for most insect taxa on plants—we would observe a general decrease of fungal-associated species with latitude. Against this backdrop, we expected local communities to be structured by host identity and phylogeny, with more closely related fungal species sharing more similar communities of associated organisms. As a more unique dimension added by the ephemeral nature of fungal fruiting bodies, we expected further imprints generated by successional change, with younger fruiting bodies harboring communities different from older ones. Using DNA metabarcoding to identify arthropod communities from fungal fruiting bodies, we find that latitude leaves a clear imprint on fungus-associated arthropod community composition, with host phylogeny and decay stage of fruiting bodies leaving lesser but still-detectable effects. The main latitudinal imprint is on a high arthropod species turnover, with no detectable pattern in overall species richness. Overall, these findings paint a new picture of the drivers of fungus-associated arthropod communities, suggesting that latitude will not affect how many arthropod species inhabits a fruiting body, but rather what species occur in it and at what relative abundances (as measured by sequence read counts). These patterns upset simplistic predictions regarding latitudinal gradients in species richness and in the strength of biotic interactions.

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JPG images from the publication "Corncob structures in dental plaque reveal microhabitat taxon specificity"

Images of bacteria in human dental plaque after fluorescence in situ hybridization, hyperspectral imaging with a Zeiss LSM 780 or LSM 880 laser-scanning confocal microscope, and spectral unmixing.  Each image is presented as a color JPG. Cells hybridizing with the probe for Streptococcus cristatus are shown in cyan; cells hybridizing with the probe for Streptococcus mitis, S. oralis, and S. infantis are shown in red; cells of genus Corynebacterium are shown in magenta; cells of genera Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter are shown in yellow; and cells of genus Porphyromonas are shown in blue. Images labeled as "set 1" (probe set 1) include all probes; "set 2" (probe set 2) and "set 3" (probe set 3) include only probes for S. cristatus, the S. mitis group, the Streptococcus genus, Corynebacterium genus, and Porphyromonas genus.

opencc-by-4.0May 2022View details →

TIFF images from the publication "Corncob structures in dental plaque reveal microhabitat taxon specificity"

Images of bacteria in human dental plaque after fluorescence in situ hybridization, hyperspectral imaging with a Zeiss LSM 780 or LSM 880 laser-scanning confocal microscope, and spectral unmixing.  Each image is presented as a TIFF file. Cells hybridizing with the probe for Streptococcus cristatus are shown in cyan; cells hybridizing with the probe for Streptococcus mitis, S. oralis, and S. infantis are shown in red; cells of genus Corynebacterium are shown in magenta; cells of genera Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter are shown in yellow; and cells of genus Porphyromonas are shown in blue. Images labeled as "set 1" (probe set 1) include all probes; "set 2" (probe set 2) and "set 3" (probe set 3) include only probes for S. cristatus, the S. mitis group, the Streptococcus genus, Corynebacterium genus, and Porphyromonas genus.

opencc-by-4.0May 2022View details →

Unmixed images from the publication "Corncob structures in dental plaque reveal microhabitat taxon specificity"

Images of bacteria in human dental plaque after fluorescence in situ hybridization, hyperspectral imaging with a Zeiss LSM 780 or LSM 880 laser-scanning confocal microscope, and spectral unmixing.  Each image is presented as a stack of the individual unmixed fluorophore channels readable using FIJI (ImageJ) with the Image5D plugin. Channels are shown for Streptococcus cristatus; the Streptococcus mitis group including S. oralis and S. infantis; Streptococcus gordonii; Streptococcus genus; Corynebacterium genus; Corynebacterium matruchotii; Porphyromonas genus; and family Pasteurellaceae including genera Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter.  A channel for the residual signal after linear unmixing is also included, as well as a transmitted light image (transmitted PMT).  Images labeled as "set 1" (probe set 1) include all probes; "set 2" (probe set 2) and "set 3" (probe set 3) include only probes for S. cristatus, the S. mitis group, the Streptococcus genus, Corynebacterium genus, and Porphyromonas genus.

Text-fig. 8. Scanning electron micrographs (a–f, h) and X-ray microtomographic orthoslices (g) of flowers from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Taxon 27, epigynous flower, no. NM-F 4504; b: Taxon 30, epigynous flower, remains of two thick sepals, a massive nectary disk (arrowhead) and two styles, no. NM-F 3199; c: Taxon 29, flower with stamens have long filament, calyx (ca) and corolla (co), no. NM-F 3198; d: Taxon 32, flower, no. NM-F 4503; e–h: Taxon 14, e – hypogenous flower, no. NM-F 3196, f – floral bud with a thick pedicel, no. NM-F 3196, g – flower with gynoecium showing central placentation and several seeds, no. NMF 3196, h – flower with gynoecium showing several seeds, no. NM-F 4505. in Plant Mesofossils From The Late Cretaceous Klikov Formation, The Czech Republic

Text-fig. 8. Scanning electron micrographs (a–f, h) and X-ray microtomographic orthoslices (g) of flowers from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Taxon 27, epigynous flower, no. NM-F 4504; b: Taxon 30, epigynous flower, remains of two thick sepals, a massive nectary disk (arrowhead) and two styles, no. NM-F 3199; c: Taxon 29, flower with stamens have long filament, calyx (ca) and corolla (co), no. NM-F 3198; d: Taxon 32, flower, no. NM-F 4503; e–h: Taxon 14, e – hypogenous flower, no. NM-F 3196, f – floral bud with a thick pedicel, no. NM-F 3196, g – flower with gynoecium showing central placentation and several seeds, no. NMF 3196, h – flower with gynoecium showing several seeds, no. NM-F 4505.

Text-fig. 7. Scanning electron micrographs (a, b, d, e, g–k), X-ray microtomographic orthoslices (c) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy orthoslices (f) of fruits and endocarps of uncertain affinity from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a–c: Trebecenia sarcocalis, a – tricarpellate fruit, no. NM-F 3637, b – fruits supported by pentamerous and persistent calyx, no. NMF 3637, c – fruit almost circular in transverse section, no. NM-F 3637; d: Taxon 17, small fruit with slightly sunken stylar region, no. NM-F 3201; e: Taxon 19, spherical fruit, the fruit wall composed of large isodiametric, thick walled cells, no. NM-F 3181; f: Taxon 19, single-seeded fruit, no. NM-F 3621; g: Taxon 20, syncarpous, multicarpellate fruit of ten carpels, no. NM-F 3200; h: Taxon 22, syncarpous, multicarpellate fruit of seven carpels, no. NM-F 3159; i: cf. Sabia menispermoides, endocarp of drupaceous fruits, no. NM-F 4624; j: Taxon 25, endocarp triangular in cross-section, no. NM-F 3218; k: Taxon 24, endocarp spherical in cross-section with a distinctly ribbed and foveolate surface, no. NM-F 3217. in Plant Mesofossils From The Late Cretaceous Klikov Formation, The Czech Republic

Text-fig. 7. Scanning electron micrographs (a, b, d, e, g–k), X-ray microtomographic orthoslices (c) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy orthoslices (f) of fruits and endocarps of uncertain affinity from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a–c: Trebecenia sarcocalis, a – tricarpellate fruit, no. NM-F 3637, b – fruits supported by pentamerous and persistent calyx, no. NMF 3637, c – fruit almost circular in transverse section, no. NM-F 3637; d: Taxon 17, small fruit with slightly sunken stylar region, no. NM-F 3201; e: Taxon 19, spherical fruit, the fruit wall composed of large isodiametric, thick walled cells, no. NM-F 3181; f: Taxon 19, single-seeded fruit, no. NM-F 3621; g: Taxon 20, syncarpous, multicarpellate fruit of ten carpels, no. NM-F 3200; h: Taxon 22, syncarpous, multicarpellate fruit of seven carpels, no. NM-F 3159; i: cf. Sabia menispermoides, endocarp of drupaceous fruits, no. NM-F 4624; j: Taxon 25, endocarp triangular in cross-section, no. NM-F 3218; k: Taxon 24, endocarp spherical in cross-section with a distinctly ribbed and foveolate surface, no. NM-F 3217.

Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron micrographs of seeds of ericalean affinity (a–d) and seeds of uncertain affinity (e–i) from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Protovisnea sp. 1, rounded seed with the narrow elongate seed cavity flanked by two bulging regions of larger cells, no. NM-F 3177; b: Protovisnea sp. 2, angular seed with the narrow elongate seed cavity flanked by two bulging regions of larger cells, no. NM-F 3179; c, d: Eurya crassitesta, one seed split into two parts, no. NM-F 3211, c – surface cells of the seed coat are palisade, d – cross-section of the seed; e: Nympheaceae sp. 1, seed, no. NM-F 3636; f: Nympheaceae sp. 2, seed, no. NM-F 4634; g: Klikovispermum sp.1, seeds with irregular outline and smooth outer surface, no. NM-F 3203; h: Klikovispermum malechii, seed with an orange-segment shape, no. NM-F 3299; i: Taxon 35, seed, no. NM-F 3236. in Plant Mesofossils From The Late Cretaceous Klikov Formation, The Czech Republic

Text-fig. 6. Scanning electron micrographs of seeds of ericalean affinity (a–d) and seeds of uncertain affinity (e–i) from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Protovisnea sp. 1, rounded seed with the narrow elongate seed cavity flanked by two bulging regions of larger cells, no. NM-F 3177; b: Protovisnea sp. 2, angular seed with the narrow elongate seed cavity flanked by two bulging regions of larger cells, no. NM-F 3179; c, d: Eurya crassitesta, one seed split into two parts, no. NM-F 3211, c – surface cells of the seed coat are palisade, d – cross-section of the seed; e: Nympheaceae sp. 1, seed, no. NM-F 3636; f: Nympheaceae sp. 2, seed, no. NM-F 4634; g: Klikovispermum sp.1, seeds with irregular outline and smooth outer surface, no. NM-F 3203; h: Klikovispermum malechii, seed with an orange-segment shape, no. NM-F 3299; i: Taxon 35, seed, no. NM-F 3236.

Text-fig. 5. Scanning electron micrographs (a, b, d–f) and X-ray microtomographic orthoslices (c) of capsular fruits composed of three carpels fruits and fragment of a capsular fruit from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a–c: Taxon 12, a – capsules of broadly elliptical shape, no. NM-F3302, b – tricarpellate capsules in apical view, no. NM-F 3302, c – tricarpellate capsules with pentamerous calyx, no. NM-F3302; d, e: Taxon 13, d – tricarpellate capsules of broadly elliptical shape, no. NM-F 4501, e – tricarpellate capsules in apical view, no. NM-F 4501; f: Taxon 11, fragment of a capsular fruit, no. NM-F 4622. in Plant Mesofossils From The Late Cretaceous Klikov Formation, The Czech Republic

Text-fig. 5. Scanning electron micrographs (a, b, d–f) and X-ray microtomographic orthoslices (c) of capsular fruits composed of three carpels fruits and fragment of a capsular fruit from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a–c: Taxon 12, a – capsules of broadly elliptical shape, no. NM-F3302, b – tricarpellate capsules in apical view, no. NM-F 3302, c – tricarpellate capsules with pentamerous calyx, no. NM-F3302; d, e: Taxon 13, d – tricarpellate capsules of broadly elliptical shape, no. NM-F 4501, e – tricarpellate capsules in apical view, no. NM-F 4501; f: Taxon 11, fragment of a capsular fruit, no. NM-F 4622.

Text-fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Normapolles flowers/fruits from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Budvaricarpus serialis, aggregation of laterally fused fruits supported by a common bract (br – bract, hp – hypanthium), no. NM-F 3160; b: Budvaricarpus sp., aggregation of laterally fused fruits supported by several bracts, no. NM-F 3619; c: Caryanthus trebecnsis, reproductive unit consists of three bisexual, epigynous flowers/young fruits, no. NM-F 3286; d: Dahlergeniantus sp., hypogynous flower with radial symmetry, no. NM-F 4495; e: Calathiocarpus sp., epigynous flower with radial symmetry, no. NM-F 4631; f: Caryanthus sp. 1, ribbed fruit–nut of deltoid shape, no. NM-F 3208; g: Zlivifructus vachae, bisymmetrical flower with four tepals and four stamens, no. NM-F 3172; h: Taxon 3, ribbed fruit of Normapolles affinity, no. NM-F 3724. in Plant Mesofossils From The Late Cretaceous Klikov Formation, The Czech Republic

Text-fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Normapolles flowers/fruits from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Budvaricarpus serialis, aggregation of laterally fused fruits supported by a common bract (br – bract, hp – hypanthium), no. NM-F 3160; b: Budvaricarpus sp., aggregation of laterally fused fruits supported by several bracts, no. NM-F 3619; c: Caryanthus trebecnsis, reproductive unit consists of three bisexual, epigynous flowers/young fruits, no. NM-F 3286; d: Dahlergeniantus sp., hypogynous flower with radial symmetry, no. NM-F 4495; e: Calathiocarpus sp., epigynous flower with radial symmetry, no. NM-F 4631; f: Caryanthus sp. 1, ribbed fruit–nut of deltoid shape, no. NM-F 3208; g: Zlivifructus vachae, bisymmetrical flower with four tepals and four stamens, no. NM-F 3172; h: Taxon 3, ribbed fruit of Normapolles affinity, no. NM-F 3724.

Text-fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of non-angiosperm remains (a–d) and insect remains (e–f) from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Eopolytrichium sp. small leafy shoot, no. NM-F 3631; b: Taxon 1, single tip of a young fern frond with circinate vernation, no. NM-F 4130; c: Taxon 2, fern with simple leaves and circinate vernation, no. NM-F 3459; d: Pagiophyllum sp., small needle-like leaf, no. NM-F 4132; e: Microcarpolithes hexagonalis, a faecal pellet/coprolite with subcylindrical shape, no. NMF 4520; f: Palaeoaldrovanda splendens, pieces of compact walls formed by rectangular cells, no. NM-F 3237. in Plant Mesofossils From The Late Cretaceous Klikov Formation, The Czech Republic

Text-fig. 2. Scanning electron micrographs of non-angiosperm remains (a–d) and insect remains (e–f) from Zliv-Řídká Blana locality. a: Eopolytrichium sp. small leafy shoot, no. NM-F 3631; b: Taxon 1, single tip of a young fern frond with circinate vernation, no. NM-F 4130; c: Taxon 2, fern with simple leaves and circinate vernation, no. NM-F 3459; d: Pagiophyllum sp., small needle-like leaf, no. NM-F 4132; e: Microcarpolithes hexagonalis, a faecal pellet/coprolite with subcylindrical shape, no. NMF 4520; f: Palaeoaldrovanda splendens, pieces of compact walls formed by rectangular cells, no. NM-F 3237.