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102 results for “tree islands”
FIGURE 5 in A new species of tree snake (Dipsadoboa, Serpentes: Colubridae) from 'sky island' forests in northern Mozambique, with notes on other members of the Dipsadoboa werneri group
FIGURE 5. Type locality of Dipsadoboa montisilva sp. nov., Mt Mabu Forest Base Camp, Zambezia Province, Mozambique. A: general view of the evergreen mid-altitude wet forest close to the base camp. B: low trees and riverine bushes beside stream at base camp.
FIGURE 8 in A new species of tree snake (Dipsadoboa, Serpentes: Colubridae) from 'sky island' forests in northern Mozambique, with notes on other members of the Dipsadoboa werneri group
FIGURE 8. Shreve's Tree Snake, Dipsadoboa shrevei (Loveridge, 1932) from Sentinal Mine Camp, nr Kalumbila, Solwezi, North-Western Zambia (PEM R19780). A: full live portrait, B: right lateral side of head, C: dorsal surface of head, D: ventral surface of head.
Microbes in reconstructive restoration: Divergence in constructed and natural tree island soil fungi affects tree growth
<p>Project folder for publication "Microbes in reconstructive restoration: Divergence in constructed and natural tree island soil fungi affects tree growth" containing: 1) scripts for data processing, 2) intermediate and final files output by scripts, and 3) RMarkdown files used to perform statistical analyses and generate figures. Descriptions of files, scripts, and folders in README files.</p> <p>Manuscript Abstract:</p> <p><span>As ecosystems face unprecedented change and habitat loss, pursuing comprehensive and resilient habitat restoration will be integral to protecting and maintaining natural areas and the services they provide. Microbiomes offer an important avenue for improving restoration efforts as they <span> </span>are integral to ecosystem health and functioning. Despite microbiomes’ importance, unresolved knowledge gaps hinder their inclusion in restoration efforts. Here, we address two critical gaps in understanding microbial roles in restoration – fungal microbiomes’ importance in “reconstructive” restoration efforts and how management and restoration decisions interactively impact fungal communities and their cascading effects on trees. We combined field surveys, microbiome sequencing, and greenhouse experiments to determine how reconstructing an iconic landscape feature – tree islands – in the highly imperiled Everglades impacts fungal microbiomes and fungal effects on native tree species compared to their natural <span> </span>counterparts under different proposed hydrological management regimes. Constructed islands used in this research were built from peat soil and limestone collected from deep sloughs and levees nearby the restoration sites in 2003, providing 18 years for microbiome assembly on <span> </span>constructed islands. We found that while fungal microbiomes from natural and constructed tree islands exhibited similar diversity and richness, they differed significantly in community composition. These compositional differences arose mainly from changes to which fungal taxa were present on the islands rather than changes in relative abundances. Surprisingly, ~50% of fungal hub taxa (putative keystone fungi) from natural islands were missing on constructed islands, suggesting that differences in community composition of constructed island could be important for microbiome stability and function. The differences in fungal composition between natural and constructed islands had important consequences for tree growth. Specifically, these compositional differences interacted with hydrological regime (treatments simulating management strategies) to affect woody growth across the four tree species in our experiment. Taken together, our results demonstrate that reconstructing a landscape feature without consideration of microbiomes can result in diverging fungal communities that are likely to interact with management decisions leading to meaningful consequences for foundational primary producers. Our results recommend cooperation between restoration practitioners and ecologists to evaluate opportunities for active management and restoration of microbiomes during future reconstructive restoration.</span></p>
Figure 6 in Bayesian Poisson tree processes and multispecies coalescent models shed new light on the diversification of Nawab butterflies in the Solomon Islands (Nymphalidae, Charaxinae, Polyura)
Figure 6. Habitus of Polyura bicolor and Polyura epigenes across the Solomon Islands. Pictures of the upperside (left half) and underside (right half) of the two sexes. All pictures taken by Bernard Turlin.
Figure 4 in Bayesian Poisson tree processes and multispecies coalescent models shed new light on the diversification of Nawab butterflies in the Solomon Islands (Nymphalidae, Charaxinae, Polyura)
Figure 4. Nuclear haplotype network and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction. The haplotype network reconstructed using the concatenated RPS5 and wingless alignments is presented on the left. The phylogenetic hypothesis inferred using the same data set in RA×ML is presented at the top right. A table highlighting the nucleotide substitutions found between Polyura epigenes bicolor and Polyura epigenes* is presented at the bottom right.
Figure 3 in Bayesian Poisson tree processes and multispecies coalescent models shed new light on the diversification of Nawab butterflies in the Solomon Islands (Nymphalidae, Charaxinae, Polyura)
Figure 3. Comparison of species delimitation results. Graph showing the result of each analysis of species delimitation. The posterior probability of either Polyura bicolor or Polyura epigenes (including Polyura bicolor) as a valid species are shown.
Figure 2 in Bayesian Poisson tree processes and multispecies coalescent models shed new light on the diversification of Nawab butterflies in the Solomon Islands (Nymphalidae, Charaxinae, Polyura)
Figure 2. Molecular phylogeny and molecular species delimitation results. Bayesian phylogeny as recovered from MrBayes analyses. The nodal supports of both Bayesian-inference (BI) and maximum-likelihood (ML) analyses are shown, with colour coding as indicated in the figure. The cloudogram of the *BEAST analysis showing all posterior species trees is presented at the bottom left. Denser regions indicate a robust support for the inferred relationship.
Figure 1 in Bayesian Poisson tree processes and multispecies coalescent models shed new light on the diversification of Nawab butterflies in the Solomon Islands (Nymphalidae, Charaxinae, Polyura)
Figure 1. Map of the geographic range of Polyura epigenes in the Solomon Islands. Male habitus of the different subspecies are shown above the name of the taxon. The distribution of each taxa is indicated by a coloured dashed line. The colour of the line refers to the pastille on the side of the taxon name. All pictures were taken by Bernard Turlin. The map is from National Geographic's MapMaker Interactive.
Figure 5 in Bayesian Poisson tree processes and multispecies coalescent models shed new light on the diversification of Nawab butterflies in the Solomon Islands (Nymphalidae, Charaxinae, Polyura)
Figure 5. Divergence time estimates derived from the *BEAST analysis. Chronogram derived from the posterior trees of dating analysis conducted in BEAST. The 95% credibility intervals are shown at each node of the phylogeny. A map of the Solomon Islands with bathymetry is shown at the top of the figure. The island of Malaita is highlighted in violet. A picture of a female Polyura epigenes bicolor f. cinereus (orange morph) is presented. Picture taken by Bernard Turlin. T in time bar stands for Tarantian.
FIGURE. Bayesian tree of New Zealand spider orchids (Corybas) based on DNA sequence data from ITS, trnL-trnF and psbJ-petA. Major clades are indicated by open bars and capital letters, members of the C. trilobus aggregate are shaded, and posterior probabilities/ bootstrap percentages (≥50) indicated by numbers near each node. NI: North Island, SI: South Island, MCQI: Macquarie Island, CHI: Chatham Island in Five new species of Corybas (Diurideae, Orchidaceae) endemic to New Zealand and phylogeny of the Nematoceras clade
FIGURE. Bayesian tree of New Zealand spider orchids (Corybas) based on DNA sequence data from ITS, trnL-trnF and psbJ-petA. Major clades are indicated by open bars and capital letters, members of the C. trilobus aggregate are shaded, and posterior probabilities/ bootstrap percentages (≥50) indicated by numbers near each node. NI: North Island, SI: South Island, MCQI: Macquarie Island, CHI: Chatham Island
FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic tree for 34 in Taxonomic reassessment of salamanders (genus Hynobius) from Tsushima Islands Japan, with a resurrection of Hynobius tagoi Dunn, 1923 (Amphibia: Caudata)
FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic tree for 34 Hynobius species and out groups based on the complete cyt b gene sequences (1141 bp) of mtDNA by the Bayesian inference method. The numbers at nodes indicate Bayesian posterior probability (BPP). Asterisks (*) indicate significant supports with BPP of 0.95 or higher.
RAD-seq reveals patterns of diversification, hybridization, and the accumulation of reproductive isolation in a clade of partially sympatric, tropical island trees
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Maximum clade credibility (MCC) tree of Argyrodes lanyuensis from Philippines and Orchid Island Taiwan using BEAST 1.10
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Data from: Edge-mediated compositional and functional decay of tree assemblages in Amazonian forest islands after 26 years of isolation
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Persisting in a glaciated landscape: Pleistocene microrefugia evidenced by the tree wētā Hemideina maori in central South Island, New Zealand
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Data from: Genetic diversity and population divergences of an indigenous tree (Coffea mauritiana) in Reunion Island: role of climatic and geographical factors
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Data from: Origins of the endemic scaly tree ferns on the Galápagos and Cocos Islands
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Data from: Genetic analysis of an ephemeral intraspecific hybrid zone in the hypervariable tree, Metrosideros polymorpha, on Hawai'i Island
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Biomass information and location of large old trees in Hainan Island (China)
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Data from: Life-history dimensions indicate non-random assembly processes in tropical island tree communities
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