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105 results for “tropical region”
Data from: Soil dynamics in forest restoration: a data set for temperate and tropical regions
<p>Restoring forest ecosystems has become a global priority. Yet, soil dynamics is still poorly assessed among restoration studies and lacks knowledge on how soil is affected by forest restoration process. Here, we compile information on soil dynamics in forest restoration based on soil physical, chemical and biological attributes in temperate and tropical forest regions. It encompasses 50 scientific papers across 17 different countries and contains 1,469 quantitative information of soil attributes between reference (e.g., old-growth forest) and restored ecosystems (e.g. forests in their initial or secondary stage of succession) within the same study. To be selected, studies had to be conducted in forest ecosystems, to include multiple sampling sites (replicates) in both restored and reference ecosystems, and to encompass quantitative data of soil attributes for both reference and restored ecosystems.</p> <p>We recorded in each study the following information: (i) study year; (ii) country; (iii) forest region (tropical or temperate); (iv) latitude; (v) longitude; (vi) soil class; (vii) past disturbance; (viii) restoration strategy (active or passive); (ix) restoration age; (x) soil attribute type (physical, chemical or biological); (xi) soil attribute; (xii) soil attribute unit; (xiii) soil sampling (procedures); (xiv) date of sampling; (xv) soil depth sampled; (xvi) soil analysis; (xvii) quantitative values of soil attributes for both restored and reference ecosystems; (xviii) type of variation (standard error ou deviation) for both restored and reference ecosystems; and (xix) quantitative values of the variation for both restored and reference ecosystems. These were the most common data available in the selected studies.</p> <p>This extensive database on the extent soil physical, chemical and biological attributes differ between reference and restored ecosystems can fill part of the existing gap on both soil science and forest restoration in terms of: (i) which are the critical soil attributes to be monitored during forest restoration? and (ii) how do environmental factors affect soil attributes in forest restoration? The data will be made available to the scientific community for further analyses on both soil science and forest restoration. Soil information gap during the forest restoration process and its general patterns can be addressed using this data set.</p>
The Impact of a Prevention Program on Sun Risks in Primary School in Tropical French Region
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05367180. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Using multiple traits to assess the potential of introduced and native vines to proliferate in a tropical region
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Data from: Lake regionalization and diatom metacommunity structuring in tropical South America
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Data from: Ecology of the growth of Anolis nebulosus (Squamata: Dactyloidae) in a seasonal tropical environment in the Chamela region, Jalisco, Mexico
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Data from: Soil dynamics in forest restoration: a data set for temperate and tropical regions
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Data from: Tropical tree species diversity in a mountain system in southern Mexico: local and regional patterns and determinant factors
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Data from: Landscape structure mediates zoochorous-dispersed seed rain under isolated pasture trees across distinct tropical regions
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Data from: Population structure and gene flow of the tropical seagrass, Syringodium filiforme, in the Florida Keys and subtropical Atlantic region
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Data from: Species richness-productivity relationships of tropical terrestrial ferns at regional and local scales
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The origin of the parrotfish species Scarus compressus in the Tropical Eastern Pacific: region-wide hybridization between ancient species pairs
<p class="Normal1"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Background: </b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>An increasing number of hybrid zones with varying evolutionary outcomes have been documented from different reef fish families. In the Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP), four species of parrotfishes occur in sympatry on rocky reefs from Baja California to Ecuador: <i>Scarus. compressus</i>,<i>S. ghobban</i>, <i>S. perrico</i>, and <i>S. rubroviolaceus</i>; and have complex phylogeographic histories. The most divergent,<i>S. perrico</i>, belongs to a Tropical American clade that diverged from a Central Indo-Pacific ancestor in the late Miocene (6.6 Ma). We tested the hypothesis that <i>S. compressus</i>was the result of ongoing hybridization among the other three species by sequencing four nuclear markers and a mitochondrial locus in samples spanning 2/3 of the latitudinal extent of the TEP. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="Normal1"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Results: </b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>A structure model of all samples indicated that K=3 was the best fit to the nuclear data and that individuals identified as <i>S. compressus</i>had admixed assignment values (Q). Power analyses indicated our data could correctly detect and assign pure adults and F1 hybrids with > 0.90 probability, and correct assignment of F2 was also high in some cases. NewHybrids models revealed that 89.8% (n= 59) of the <i>Scarus compressus </i>samples were F1 hybrids of crosses between divergent species pairs: <i>S. perrico </i>× <i>S. ghobban</i>and <i>S. perrico </i>× <i>S. rubroviolaceus</i>. Similarly, <i>S.</i><i>ghobban </i>and <i>S. rubroviolaceus</i>were also hybridizing, with ½ of the admixed individuals assigned to F1 hybrids and the remainder likely deep generation hybrids. We observed strong mito-nuclear discordance in all three hybrid pairs, but found little evidence for accelerated mt vs. nuclear evolution in the paternal species. Bayesian analysis of Migrate models favours gene flow between <i>S. perrico</i>and <i>S. ghobban</i>, but not other species pairs. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="Normal1"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><b>Conclusions: </b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Mating between species whose ancestors diverged in the late Miocene is giving rise to region wide, hybrid complex, characterized by a high frequency of parental and F1 genotypes but a low frequency of deep generation hybrids. Trimodal structure, combined with reproductive evidence for fertility of both male and female F1 hybrids, suggest that fitness declines sharply in later generation hybrids. In contrast, the hybrid population of the two younger species had similar frequencies of F1 and > F1 hybrids. These differences are consistent with a model of accelerating post-mating incompatibility with time. Mitochondrial genotypes in hybrids, suggests indiscriminate mating by male <i>S. perrico</i>is driving pre-zygotic breakdown, which may reflect the isolation of this endemic species in the TEP for millions of years and weak selection for conspecific mate recognition. Despite overlapping habitat use, high rates of hybridization, and evidence for historical gene flow, species boundaries are maintained by post-mating processes in this complex. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: A melanin-based trait is more strongly related to body size in the tropics than in temperate regions in the globally distributed barn owl family
Life history traits differ between organisms living in the tropics, northern and southern hemispheres, and sexual selection is thought to be stronger close to the equator than in temperate regions. Although birds are often supposed to be more brightly coloured in the tropics, the current evidence of geographic variation in the intensity of sexual selection and sex-specific natural selection is equivocal. Whether sex-specific traits signal aspects of individual quality better in the tropics than in the temperate regions of the northern and southern hemispheres therefore remains an open question. We examined predictions of this hypothesis in the Tytonidae family (barn owls and their relatives) because females, on average, display larger black spots on the tip of their ventral body feathers than males, and this trait is associated with aspects of individual quality. We measured the size of melanic spots and the wing length of 7893 Tytonidae skins collected worldwide and preserved in natural history museums. The covariation between spot size and wing length was stronger in females than in males, in large- than small-spotted Tyto taxa and close to the equator than in temperate regions. This suggests that selection for spot size, which can be used by owls as an additional cue to assess individual body size and other aspects of phenotypic quality, is stronger in females than in males, particularly near the equator.
Datasets for Analyzing Tropical Cyclone Impacts on Hydrological Extremes in the Mid-Atlantic Region
<p>The data sets provided here were used for the climatological analysis of tropical cyclone impacts on hydrological extremes in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. This research was published in <em><strong>Environmental Research Letters</strong></em> <a href="http://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac2d6a">https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac2d6a</a>.</p> <p>The data sets include:</p> <ul> <li><strong>hurdat_data/</strong> <ul> <li><strong>hurdat2-1950-2019_rev.txt:</strong> 6-hourly entires of hurricane tracks for all events occurring in the Atlantic region. The first column HURID matches the first column in the hurdat2-1950-2019_seq.txt</li> <li><strong>hurdat2-1950-2019_seq.txt</strong>: <ul> <li>1st column: HURID</li> <li>2nd column: event ID. For example, AL092011 means: AL (Spaces 1 and 2) – Basin – Atlantic; 09 (Spaces 3 and 4) – ATCF cyclone number for that year; 2011 (Spaces 5-8, before the first comma) – Year; </li> <li>3r column: event Name, if available, or else “UNNAMED” </li> <li>4th column: number of best track entries</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>usgs_gage/</strong> <ul> <li><strong>Content:</strong> daily streamflow records from USGS gages over 10/01/1950-9/30/2019</li> <li><strong>Format</strong>: <ul> <li>1st column: timestamp</li> <li>2nd column: daily mean flow (in cfs)</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>usgs_gage_list</strong> <ul> <li><strong>Content</strong>: Summary of USGS gages used in the analysis</li> </ul> </li> <li><strong>livneh_ppt.mat</strong> <ul> <li><strong>Content</strong>: Summary of precipitation data used in the analysis in Matlab structure array. The array includes statistics derived from precipitation records for 2857 grid cells (1/16 degree resolution) covering the Mid-Atlantic region. </li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Data from: Population genetics of a broadcast-spawning coral across a tropical-temperate transition zone reveals regional differentiation and isolation of high-latitude reefs
<p>Aim: Genetic connectivity is a key component of species resilience to climate change in terms of recovery capacity following disturbance and capacity to disperse to novel locations as the climate warms and isotherms shift poleward. We aimed to strengthen our understanding of resilience in this context by characterizing patterns of connectivity and genetic diversity in a broadcast spawning coral across a tropical-temperate transition zone. We hypothesize genetic differentiation between tropical and temperate populations and decreasing genetic diversity with higher latitudes.</p> <p>Location: Western Australia (WA).</p> <p>Taxon: <i>Turbinaria </i>species complex. <i>Turbinaria reniformis </i>Oken, 1815 (Dendrophylliidae).</p> <p>Methods: Samples from 930 target corals were collected from ten locations between 13 - 32<sup> o</sup> latitude spanning a 9° C mean temperature range. <i>In-situ</i> species identification of <i>T. reniformis </i>is hindered by morphological plasticity and homoplasy with sister species. We<i> </i>combined Sanger sequencing of two mitochondrial DNA markers and high-throughput genotyping by sequencing (GBS) to isolate a single genetic <i>Turbinaria</i> lineage from our dataset through which patterns of genetic flow and diversity along the WA coastline could be explored using population- and individual-based analyses.</p> <p>Results: Mitochondrial DNA sequence variation was low among <i>Turbinaria</i> samples and could not resolve individual species. Using GBS, we identified three genetically distinct lineages. Subsequent analyses within one of these lineages revealed strong spatial subdivision with 2-3 genetic clusters. While temperate populations were genetically diverged from more tropical sites, we did not observe declines in genetic diversity with latitude.</p> <p>Main Conclusions: Temperate coral populations in Western Australia are genetically isolated from their tropical counterparts. Tropical populations of <i>T. 'reniformis' </i>exhibit adequate connectivity.<i> </i>Shark Bay represents the current southern limit of the tropical population of <i>T. 'reniformis'</i>. Interestingly, temperate <i>T. 'reniformis'</i> in this study exhibit some genetic resilience due to their relatively high genetic diversity, yet the strong patterns of genetic subdivision for this widely dispersing coral species potentially limit their resilience to future climate scenarios.</p>
Genomic selection signatures in farmed Colossoma macropomum from tropical and subtropical regions in South America
<p>Tambaqui or cachama (<i>Colossoma macropomum</i>) is one of the most important neotropical freshwater fish used for aquaculture in South America, and its production is concentrated at low latitudes (close to the Equator, 0°), where the water temperature is warm. Therefore, understanding how selection shapes genetic variations and structure in farmed populations is of paramount importance in evolutionary biology. High-throughput sequencing to generate genome-wide data for fish species allows for elucidating the genomic basis of adaptation to local or farmed conditions and uncovering genes that control the phenotypes of interest. The present study aimed to detect genomic selection signatures and analyze the genetic variability in farmed populations of tambaqui in South America using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers obtained with double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing. Initially, 199 samples of tambaqui farmed populations from different locations (located in Brazil, Colombia, and Peru), a wild population (Amazon River, Brazil), and the base population of a breeding program (Aquaculture Center, CAUNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil) were genotyped. Observed and expected heterozygosity was 0.231–0.350 and 0.288–0.360, respectively. Significant genetic differentiation was observed using global F<sub>ST</sub> analyses of SNP loci (F<sub>ST</sub> = 0.064, p < 0.050). Farmed populations from Colombia and Peru that differentiated from the Brazilian populations formed distinct groups. Several regions, particularly those harboring the genes of significance to aquaculture, were identified to be under positive selection, suggesting local adaptation to stress under different farming conditions and management practices. Studies aimed at improving the knowledge of genomics of tambaqui farmed populations are essential for aquaculture to gain deeper insights into the evolutionary history of these fish and provide resources for the establishment of breeding programs.</p>
Figure 3 from: Aguilar-López JL, Luría-Manzano R, Pineda E, Canseco-Márquez L (2021) Selva Zoque, Mexico: an important Mesoamerican tropical region for reptile species diversity and conservation. ZooKeys 1054: 127-153. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.67916
Figure 3 Number of reptile species in high extinction-risk categories according to A NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010B IUCN Red List, and C the Environmental Vulnerability Score, for eight tropical regions in northern Mesoamerica. The black bars in the three plots represent the number of species in high extinction-risk categories, and the grey bars in the graph B represent the number of species not evaluated or in the Data Deficient category by the IUCN.
Figure 4 from: Aguilar-López JL, Luría-Manzano R, Pineda E, Canseco-Márquez L (2021) Selva Zoque, Mexico: an important Mesoamerican tropical region for reptile species diversity and conservation. ZooKeys 1054: 127-153. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.67916
Figure 4 Reptile species in high extinction-risk categories by IUCN, NOM or EVS initiatives, or listed as Data Deficient or Not evaluated by the IUCN red list (see text) AAbronia bogertiBAnolis alvarezdeltoroiCAnolis pygmaeusDLepidophyma tuxtlaeEXenosaurus arboreusFXenosaurus rackhamiGTantilla briggsiHTrimorphodon biscutatusIEpictia phenopsJBothriechis rowleyiKDermatemys mawii and LCrocodylus acutus.
Figure 1 from: Aguilar-López JL, Luría-Manzano R, Pineda E, Canseco-Márquez L (2021) Selva Zoque, Mexico: an important Mesoamerican tropical region for reptile species diversity and conservation. ZooKeys 1054: 127-153. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.67916
Figure 1 Location of the Selva Zoque region. The yellow line denotes our study area limits, the thin black line indicates state boundaries, and black circles denote localities in which reptiles have been recorded.
Figure 2 from: Aguilar-López JL, Luría-Manzano R, Pineda E, Canseco-Márquez L (2021) Selva Zoque, Mexico: an important Mesoamerican tropical region for reptile species diversity and conservation. ZooKeys 1054: 127-153. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1054.67916
Figure 2 Similarity in reptile species composition for eight tropical areas in northern Mesoamerica.
Figure 6 from: Breedy O, Williams G, M Guzman H (2013) Two new species of gorgonian octocorals from the Tropical Eastern Pacific Biogeographic Region (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Gorgoniidae). ZooKeys 350: 75-90. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.350.6117
Figure 6 - Eugorgia mutabilis, in situ colonies. A, B Burbujas, Puerto Jiménez, Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica, 12 m deep (photographs by C. Sánchez) C Montaña Rusa, Islas Contreras, Panamá, 32 m deep.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.