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81 results for “urban climate”
Urbanization mediates the effects of water quality and climate on a model aerial insectivorous bird
<p>Aerial insectivorous birds have experienced alarming population declines in eastern North America. Meanwhile, urbanization continues to increase rapidly, with urban land use comprising 69.4 million acres, or 3.6% of total land area, in the contiguous United States. Multiple environmental changes are associated with urbanization, including alterations to local climate, changes in habitat structure, and potential shifts in both terrestrial and emergent aquatic flying insects on which aerial insectivorous birds rely. Here, we investigated the linkages between urbanization, water quality, and Tree Swallow (<i>Tachycineta bicolor</i>) reproductive success and body condition at seven river-riparian sites representing urban and protected land use in Columbus, Ohio over five consecutive years (2014-2018). Tree Swallows at urban and protected sites relied on emergent aquatic insects for 37.4 and 30.8% (SD = 28.4 and 24.1%) of their nutritional subsidies, respectively. Despite the loss of environmental quality generally attributed to cities, Tree Swallows exhibited greater reproductive success in urban settings where climate was more amenable to egg and nestling survival, and the breeding season was longer. Urban-nesting Tree Swallows initiated laying 7.9 days earlier and fledged 35% more young per nest than those at protected sites. Multiple characteristics of urban sites appeared to drive these patterns, including differences in mean and extreme air temperatures and measures of water quality (e.g., water temperature, nutrient concentrations, turbidity). However, chronic effects of elevated Hg concentrations – which were 482% greater in adult swallow blood at urban sites than at protected sites where swallows exhibited a 17.4% lower trophic position – may disadvantage individuals in other ways. Further, although Tree Swallows are a good model aerial insectivore bird species, characteristics of urban landscapes that benefit Tree Swallows may not advantage other aerial insectivorous birds owing to differences in life-history and foraging strategies. These findings implicate urbanization, local climate, and water quality as important considerations in the conservation of aerial insectivorous birds.</p>
Data from: Urbanization-driven climate change increases invertebrate lipid demand, relative to protein—a response to dehydration
<p>1. Climatic change alters not only animal energy balance, but also water balance, but this latter topic has received less attention. Water can be obtained through consumption of moist food and metabolism of dry food. The breakdown of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins can produce metabolic water. Metabolism of lipids produces large amounts of water, whereas excretion of nitrogenous waste related to protein metabolism requires water losses.</p> <p>2. Here we tested the hypothesis that climatic shifts associated with urbanization influences animal lipid demand relative to protein, due to shifts in water balance.</p> <p>3. We placed artificial diets high in lipid or protein, and either with or without supplemented water, at 16 pairs of sites along an urbanization gradient in Toledo, OH, USA.</p> <p>4. Lipid consumption, relative to protein, increased with urbanization and mean temperature, but water supplementation reduced the magnitude of this association. Ants were ~50% of the observed consumers.</p> <p>5. These results suggest that shifts in nutritional demand with climatic change are partially predictable from physiological first principles related to water balance and nutrient metabolism. Because ants and other arthropods play key roles in many food webs and ecosystems, increased demand for lipids with urbanization or climate change could have major consequences for ecosystem services (e.g. urban waste removal, seed predation). Overall, our results suggest that warming related to urbanization increases animal demand for lipids, in part to maintain water balance, and this could have important implications for both animal health and ecosystem services.</p>
Abundance of trees and seedlings, climatic, and soil variables in 36 20x20 m permanent plots in peri-urban Andean forests of Colombia
<p>The study was conducted on the Eastern Andean Cordillera of Colombia, in remnant forests occurring in the high-plain where Bogotá lies, one of the largest cities in Latin America. The high-plain covers an area of about 185,000 ha at an average altitude of 2600 meters above sea level (m a.s.l.). We selected six study sites, distributed in the Eastern and Western slopes of the mountain range that surrounds the high-plain, which exhibit different climatic and edaphic characteristics. Five of the sites were located in the suburban municipalities of Soacha (So), San Francisco (Sf), Guasca (Gu), Tabio (Ta), and the last one, Torca (To), located in a large forest fragment at the periphery of Bogotá. Sites were selected so that they encompassed both early- and late-successional or old-growth forest patches. <br> Within each site, we established three 20 m x 20 m plots in early-successional forests (E) and three 20 m x 20 m plots in late-successional (L) for a total of 36 permanent plots. Here, we present climatic and soil variables for each plot and also the abundances of all tree, shrub, palm, and tree-fern individuals with DAH> 5 cm included in each plot. For simplicity we refer to these as "trees" (-t). Within each plot, we additionally established four subplots of 2 m x 2 m, where we tagged and measured all seedlings> 5 cm in height and DAH ≤ 1 cm; we also present the abundances of the seedlings (-s).</p> <p>Vouchers were collected for each tree and seedling species or morphospecies and identified with the help of an expert botanist and using the resources of the herbarium of the Bogotá Botanical Garden (JBB). Vouchers specimens were stored at the herbarium of the Alexander von Humboldt Biological Resources Research Institute (FMB). Overall, we recorded Vouchers that were not identified to species were assigned a standardized morphospecies and were all included in the analyzes.</p>
Supplementary material 4 from: Schmidt K, Walz A (2021) Ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change through residential urban green structures: co-benefits to thermal comfort, biodiversity, carbon storage and social interaction. One Ecosystem 6: e65706. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e65706
Habitat types in the four courtyards
Supplementary material 2 from: Schmidt K, Walz A (2021) Ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change through residential urban green structures: co-benefits to thermal comfort, biodiversity, carbon storage and social interaction. One Ecosystem 6: e65706. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e65706
Tree height in the four courtyards
Supplementary material 1 from: Schmidt K, Walz A (2021) Ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change through residential urban green structures: co-benefits to thermal comfort, biodiversity, carbon storage and social interaction. One Ecosystem 6: e65706. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e65706
Questionnaire User Survey Potsdam Drewitz, August 2020
Supplementary material 7 from: Schmidt K, Walz A (2021) Ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change through residential urban green structures: co-benefits to thermal comfort, biodiversity, carbon storage and social interaction. One Ecosystem 6: e65706. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.6.e65706
Accessibility and amenities assessment
Supplementary material 2 from: Brzoska P, Fügener T, Moderow U, Ziemann A, Schünemann C, Westermann J, Grunewald K, Maul L (2022) Towards a web tool for assessing the impact of climate change adaptation measures on heat stress at urban site level. One Ecosystem 7: e85559. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.7.e85559
Table of data inputs/outputs
Supplementary material 1 from: Brzoska P, Fügener T, Moderow U, Ziemann A, Schünemann C, Westermann J, Grunewald K, Maul L (2022) Towards a web tool for assessing the impact of climate change adaptation measures on heat stress at urban site level. One Ecosystem 7: e85559. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.7.e85559
Results of the internet search
Supplementary material 1 from: Sprondel N, Donner J, Mahlkow N, Köppel J (2016) Urban climate and heat stress: how likely is the implementation of adaptation measures in mid-latitude cities? The case of façade greening analyzed with Bayesian networks. One Ecosystem 1: e9280. https://doi.org/10.3897/oneeco.1.e9280
Questionnaire for Bayesian network analysis
Heat exposure variations and mitigation in a densely populated neighborhood during a hot day: Towards a people-oriented approach to urban climate management
<p>Archive with PALM simulation results.</p>
Urban environments provide new perspectives for forecasting vegetation phenology responses under climate warming
<p>The temperature sensitivity of 343 cities in China</p>
Data from: Urbanization-driven climate change increases invertebrate lipid demand, relative to protein—a response to dehydration
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Abundance of trees and seedlings, climatic, and soil variables in 36 20x20 m permanent plots in peri-urban Andean forests of Colombia
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Urbanization mediates the effects of water quality and climate on a model aerial insectivorous bird
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Repository for data used in STOTEN article "Impacts of town characteristics on the changing urban climate in Vantaa"
<p>This dataset contains data used in the Science of The Total Environment journal article "Impacts of town characteristics on the changing urban climate in Vantaa" (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138471). The dataset includes:</p> <ul> <li>SURFEX air-surface interaction model results</li> <li>Observations from Helsinki-Vantaa airport</li> </ul> <p>SURFEX.zip contains SURFEX outputs used in the results section of the article.</p> <p>Verification_data.zip contains SURFEX outputs and meteorological observations used in the verification section of the article.</p> <p>E104.zip, E106.zip, E204.zip and E206.zip contain full SURFEX outputs for the four experiments conducted: A synthetic reference year representing the climate of the period 1980-2009 with no intervention (E104) and with green intervention (E106) and similarly for 2050s climate (E204 and E206).</p> <p>The STOTEN article "Impacts of town characteristics the changing urban climate in Vantaa" by Olli Saranko, Carl Fortelius, Kirsti Jylhä, Kimmo Ruosteenoja, Erika Brattich, Silvana Di Sabatino and Väinö Nurmi is provided in pdf-file 1-s2.0-S0048969720319847-main.pdf. The article is published in Science of The Total Environment journal, and is under a Creative Commons license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). This version is the pre-proof version.</p>
A new perspective on evaluating high-resolution urban climate simulation with urban canopy parameters
<p>A new perspective on evaluating high-resolution urban climate simulation with urban canopy parameters</p>
Fighting Climate Change: Urban Greennes, Active Mobility and Health Co-benefits.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04742179. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Empirical Data, Survey and Letter of Consent of the Study: Brouillet C. et al. "Soil extraction as an adaptation strategy to climate change - a focus on urban ecosystem services"
<ul> <li>Empirical Data (quantitative part of the results), Survey and Letter of Consent</li> <li>From the study entitled "Soil extraction as an adaptation strategy to climate change - a focus on urban ecosystem services" Brouillet C. et al. </li> <li>All documents are in French.</li> </ul>
Energy Consumption Reduction in Historic Urban Residential Sectors: A Case Study of Kyoto City Using Bottom-Up Modeling and Future Climate Scenarios
<p>This dataset is a detailed simulation result of 21 scenarios in the paper. The results include:</p> <ol> <li>Annual daily energy consumption data divided by energy source and residential type.</li> <li>Photovoltaic power generation data, direct photovoltaic use, battery use, and photovoltaic power generation consumed by apartment houses and Kyomachiya through P2C systems. </li> <li>Annual daily net energy consumption data divided by energy source and residential type.</li> </ol>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.