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297 results for “warbler”
Cerulean Warbler light-level geolocator data
<p>The Cerulean Warbler (<em>Setophaga cerulea</em>) is a declining Nearctic-Neotropical migratory species of conservation concern. Implementing full annual cycle conservation strategies to facilitate recovery has been difficult because we know little about the migratory period or connectivity between North American breeding regions and South American non-breeding regions. Between 2014–2017, we deployed geolocators on 282 males at 13 study sites throughout the species' range with the objectives of a) evaluating the strength of connectivity between breeding and non-breeding regions; b) identifying approximate routes and stopover regions, and c) documenting migration phenology. We retrieved migration data from 28 birds and most (14/15; 93%) Appalachian-breeders overwintered in the Colombian/Venezuelan Andes, whereas 5/7 (71%) breeders from the Ozarks overwintered in the southwestern portion of their non-breeding range in Peru/Ecuador. During spring migration, over a 26 d ± 1.2 (SE) period, birds (<em>n</em> = 23) staged at multiple stopover locations between Panama and southern Mexico. The migratory periods were substantial and approximately equal in duration: 38 ± 2 d (SE) in fall and 42 d ± 2 (SE) in spring. Based on the observed connectivity pattern, conservation of Appalachian breeding populations should focus on forest protection and restoration in premontane/lower montane forests of Colombia and Venezuela, whereas Ozark breeding population conservation should focus efforts in Ecuador and Peru. Additionally, protections of forests used by ceruleans during stopovers throughout Central America and southern Mexico, in southeastern United States coastal areas, and in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley are likely to have high conservation value for this species.</p>
Interactive effects of arrival date, territory quality and male polyterritorial behaviour on the mating system of the sedge warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus – a path analysis
<p>Classical models predict that male fitness is based on resources monopolized and invested in reproduction, and/or on individual quality providing offspring with sexually attractive traits or viable genes. However, these factors are frequently correlated, making their relative influence on male fitness difficult to describe and quantify. We analysed the relative influence of the main features of the sedge warbler's (<em>Acrocephalus schoenobaenus</em>) breeding system, i.e. age, arrival date, territory quality, male sexual activity (song and polyterritorial behaviour), on males' mating success, fledging success and local recruitment. Results show that this species' breeding system involves three main paths: (1) earlier-arriving males have higher mating success, regardless of territory quality, (2) the quality of territories pre-empted by earlier males directly influences recruitment, and (3) mating success is influenced by male sexual activity (polyterritorial behaviour), but an additional territory also affects recruitment directly. As arrival date plays a significant role in all the paths, the whole system seems to depend on male quality; although the benefits accruing to male fitness are obtained not only through sexual selection but also through resource monopolization.</p>
Data for: Breeding pairs with color aberrations in Oriental reed warblers
<p>One pair of Oriental red warblers was found with color aberrations. Two videos (ESM Video S1 and Video S2) were provided as supplementary material showing Breeding pairs with color aberrations in Oriental reed warblers. Our study shows that the breeding pair breed normally and further egg experiments indicated they can reject foreign eggs as other breeding pairs.</p>
Figure 1 in Non-breeding season records of the Alpine Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus occisinensis
Figure 1. Sampling localities of Phylloscopus affinis (sensu lato) in Bangladesh and Thailand.
Variation and overlaps in non-breeding regions of the Eurasian Reed Warbler: insight from three breeding populations
<p>Data for Variation and overlaps in non-breeding regions of the Eurasian Reed Warbler: insight from three breeding populations</p>
Figure 4 in The monitoring of feather mites (Acari, Astigmata) of the Warbler (Aves: Sylviidae) species in the Kızılırmak delta, Samsun, Turkey
Figure 4. Monthly and annual comparison of the number of feather mite individuals.
Data from: Sympatric wren-warblers partition acoustic signal space and song perch height
Animals employing acoustic signals, such as birds, must effectively communicate over both background noise and potentially attenuating objects in the environment. To surmount these obstacles, animals evolve species-specific acoustic signals that do not overlap with sources of interference (such as songs of close relatives), and issue these songs from locations that maximize transmission. In multispecies assemblages of birds, the acoustic resource may thus be interspecifically partitioned along multiple axes, including song perch height and signal space. However, very few such studies have focused on open habitats, where differences in sound transmission patterns and limited availability of song perches may drive competition across multiple axes within signal space. Here, we demonstrate acoustic signal space partitioning in four sympatric species of wren-warbler (Cisticolidae, Prinia), in an Indian dry deciduous scrub-grassland habitat. We found that the breeding songs of the four species partition acoustic signal space, resulting in interspecific community organization. Within each species' signal space, we uncovered different intraspecific patterns in note diversity. Two species partitioned intraspecific signal space into multiple note types, whereas the other two varied note repetition rate to different extents. Finally, we found that the four species also partition song perch heights, thus exhibiting acoustic niche separation along multiple axes. We hypothesize that divergent song perch heights may be driven by competition for higher singing perches or other ecological factors rather than signal propagation. Acoustic signal partitioning along multiple axes may therefore arise from a combination of diverse ecological processes.
Data for: Evaluating Golden-winged Warbler use of alder and aspen communities managed with shearing in the western Great Lakes
<p>Best management practices are often written by researchers to guide land managers and landowners in the creation of habitat for wildlife species of interest. These documents are based on research evaluating the habitat needs of a species, but also describe tools and strategies managers can implement to create or restore desired conditions. Shrub and sapling shearing is a management practice often used to improve habitat for early-successional species, yet little monitoring or research has focused on wildlife response to shearing. The goal of this research was to formally evaluate the effect of shrub and sapling shearing as a best management strategy for Golden-winged Warbler (<em>Vermivora</em> <em>chrysoptera</em>) conservation at a regional scale. Specifically, we surveyed for male Golden-winged Warblers during the breeding season in sheared sites and untreated reference sites across portions of the western Great Lakes to assess the effects of 1) management status (i.e., sheared aspen or alder vs un-treated sites), and 2) the patch-level vegetation characteristics on male abundance. We found that male Golden-winged Warbler abundance was twice as high in sheared sites than in mature reference sites and peaked when sapling cover was ~40%. Male abundance was also negatively associated with percent cover of forbs and non-vegetated ground. These findings highlight the importance of patch-level heterogeneity when implementing shearing treatments for Golden-winged Warblers, and demonstrate the potential need for pre-treatment site assessments to help focus conservation efforts for this species. Ultimately, our results support the use of a site-specific, nuanced approach to shearing implementation to maximize cost efficiency and desired species outcomes.</p>
Low Kirtland's Warbler fledgling survival in Wisconsin plantations relative to Michigan plantations
<p>The Kirtland's Warbler (<em>Setophaga kirtlandii</em>) is a formerly endangered habitat specialist that breeds mainly in young jack pine (<em>Pinus banksiana</em>) forests in northern Lower Michigan, USA. The species is conservation-reliant and depends on habitat management. Management actions have primarily focused on creating jack pine plantations, but the species also breeds in red pine (<em>Pinus resinosa</em>) plantations in central Wisconsin, USA. However, the plantations were not intended as breeding habitat and have suboptimal pine densities. While nesting success is similar between low-density red pine plantations and optimal jack pine habitat, it is not clear if low-density red pine plantations support high fledging survival. If high-quality nesting and post-fledging habitat are not synonymous, fledgling survival and breeding population recruitment may be low. We characterized survival, habitat use, and movement patterns of dependent Kirtland's Warbler fledglings in Wisconsin red pine plantations and compared fledgling survival between Wisconsin and Michigan. Mayfield cumulative survival estimates at 30 days post-fledging were 0.20 for Wisconsin fledglings and 0.43 to 0.78 for Michigan fledglings. Logistic exposure cumulative survival estimates for Wisconsin fledglings were 0.23 to 0.34 at 30 days post-fledging. Fledglings in Wisconsin used areas where vegetation cover and density of red and jack pine were high relative to available areas but not at greater proportions than what was available. Our findings demonstrate that red pine plantations with low pine densities were not equally suitable as nesting and post-fledging habitat, as fledgling survival rates were low. We hypothesize that habitat structure, and not particular pine species, likely contributed to reduced fledgling survival in Wisconsin. Thus, we recommend including red pine as a component in managed Kirtland's Warbler habitat only if tree densities approach optimal levels.</p>
Genomes of the extinct Bachman's Warbler show high divergence and no evidence of admixture with other extant Vermivora Warblers
<p>Bachman's Warbler (<em>Vermivora</em> <em>bachmanii</em>) – last sighted in 1988 – is one of the only North American passerines to have gone extinct. Given extensive ongoing hybridization of its two extant congeners – the Blue-Winged Warbler (<em>V. cyanoptera</em>) and Golden-Winged Warbler (<em>V. chrysoptera</em>) – and shared patterns of plumage variation between Bachman's Warbler and hybrids between those extant species, it has been suggested that Bachman's Warbler might have also had a component of hybrid ancestry. Here, we use historic DNA (hDNA) and whole genomes of Bachman's Warblers collected at the turn of the 20th century to address this. We combine these data with the two extant <em>Vermivora</em> species to examine patterns of population differentiation, inbreeding, and gene flow. In contrast to the admixture hypothesis, the genomic evidence is consistent with <em>V. bachmanii</em> having been a highly divergent, reproductively isolated species, with no evidence of introgression. We show that these three species have similar levels of runs of homozygosity (ROH), consistent with effects of a small long-term effective population size or population bottlenecks, with one <em>V. bachmanii</em> outlier showing numerous long ROH and an FROH greater than 5%. We also found—using population branch statistic estimates—previously undocumented evidence of lineage-specific evolution in <em>V. chrysoptera</em> near a pigmentation gene candidate, CORIN, which is a known modifier of ASIP, which is in turn involved in melanic throat and mask coloration in this family of birds. Together, these genomic results also highlight how natural history collections are such invaluable repositories of information about extant and extinct species.</p>
Vocal performance increases rapidly during the dawn chorus in Adelaide's warbler
<p><span>Many songbirds sing intensely during the early morning, resulting in a phenomenon known as the dawn chorus. We tested the hypothesis that male Adelaide's warblers (<em>Setophaga</em> <em>adelaidae</em>) warm up their voices during the dawn chorus. If warming up the voice is one of the functions of the dawn chorus, we predicted that vocal performance would increase more rapidly during the dawn chorus compared to the rest of the morning and that high song rates during the dawn chorus period contribute to the increase in vocal performance. The performance metrics <em>recovery time, voiced frequency modulation</em>, and <em>unvoiced</em> <em>frequency</em> <em>modulation</em> were low when birds first began singing, increased rapidly during the dawn chorus, and then leveled off or gradually diminished after dawn. These changes are attributable to increasing performance within song types. Reduction in the duration of the silent gap between notes is the primary driver of improved performance during the dawn chorus. Simulations indicated that singing at a high rate during the dawn chorus period increases performance in two of the three performance measures (<em>recovery</em> <em>time</em> and <em>unvoiced</em> <em>frequency</em> <em>modulation</em>) relative to singing at a low rate during this period. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that vocal warm-up is one benefit of participation in the dawn chorus. </span></p>
Data from: DNA metabarcoding reveals rangewide variation in aquatic diet of a riparian avian insectivore, the Prothonotary warbler
<p>Riparian avian insectivores not only depend on terrestrial insect prey but also benefit from the inclusion of aquatic prey during critical life history periods. Diets identified herein show that Prothonotary Warbler (<em>Protonotaria citrea</em>) nestlings were provisioned with aquatic prey throughout the breeding season across their range, but with variation in prey frequency of occurrence and taxonomy. Anthropogenic activity and climate change may impact the trophic link especially between aquatic and riparian habitats by altering the presence, abundance, and timing of prey availability. Thus, we used DNA metabarcoding of fecal samples to quantify the frequency of occurrence of nestling diet items at nine sites across their breeding range that differed in expected aquatic prey consumption. We analyzed spatial and temporal differences in the occurrence and multivariate diet assemblages of each prey source. Lepidoptera was the predominant terrestrial prey occurring in diets across space and time, whereas emergent aquatic insects and freshwater mollusks in aquatic diet exhibited greater variation. The frequency of emergent aquatic prey occurrence in nestling diets ranged from 61-100% across sites and was greater for early-season nestlings. The seasonal decrease in aquatic prey consumption indicates a potential temporal shift in the nutritional landscape from aquatic to terrestrial prey sources and a possible nutritional phenological mismatch for early nestlings as climate change advances the timing of insect emergence. Our findings also suggest that Prothonotary Warblers respond to environmental variability by consuming alternative prey and argue for future research investigating the extent to which shifting diets have nutritional consequences for riparian nestlings.</p>
Genomes of the extinct Bachman’s Warbler show high divergence and no evidence of admixture with other extant Vermivora Warblers
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Videos of Common Cuckoos parasitizing their Reed Warbler hosts in China
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Data from: Kirtland's warbler occupancy and plantation density
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Magnolia Warbler (Setophaga magnolia) flight calls demonstrate individuality and variation by season and recording location
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Data and code from: A colorful legacy of hybridization in wood-warblers includes frequent sharing of carotenoid genes among species and genera
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Genomic offset, telomere length, and abundance trends in Yellow Warblers
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Data for: Breeding pairs with color aberrations in Oriental reed warblers
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Data from: Age and infection history are revealed by different ornaments in a warbler
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.