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83 results for “water properties”
Bacterial properties in discrete water column samples at selected depths, collected aboard Palmer LTER annual cruises off the coast of the Western Antarctica Peninsula, 2003 - 2019.
The microbial biogeochemistry component of PAL focuses on marine bacterioplankton, and is thus a counterpart to the phytoplankton and zooplankton components, which together provide a detailed and comprehensive description of plankton ecology in PAL-LTER. Bacteria and Archaea (hereafter called "bacteria") are taxonomically and metabolically diverse. In coastal and offshore surface waters Bacteria generally predominate over Archaea, but Archaea are equal or greater in abundance in the mesopelagic layer below the euphoric zone. We focus on aerobic, heterotrophic bacteria in the upper 100 m on the annual summer cruise. These bacteria oxidize recently-produced low molecular weight dissolved organic compounds released by phytoplankton and zooplankton, decomposing them back into CO2 and inorganic nutrients. Globally, marine bacteria respire an amount of carbon roughly equal to about half the daily photosynthetic production. In cold polar waters, relative bacterial activity is lower, with bacterial biomass production being equal to <5% of the daily photosynthesis. The ratio at lower latitudes is 10-20%. The factors responsible for this contrast are not entirely clear. Resolving this pattern is a key aim of the PAL microbial component. Bacterial production is generally low across the grid, relative to primary production, but with considerable spatial and annual variability. Discrete BP can reach >200mgC/m2/d following bloom-fueled high organic matter events. Across the grid and over years, BP is highly correlated with chlorophyll, highlighting the close relationship with phytoplanktonic organic matter production.
Data from: Numerical simulation of the free surface and water inflow of a slope, considering the nonlinear flow properties of gravel layers: a case study
Groundwater is an important factor of slope stability, and ninety percent of slope failures are related to the influence of groundwater. In the past, free surface calculations and the prediction of water inflow were based on Darcy's law. However, Darcy's law for steady fluid flow is a special case of non-Darcy flow, and many types of non-Darcy flows occur in practical engineering applications. In this paper, based on the experimental results of laboratory water seepage tests, the seepage state of each soil layer in the open-pit slope of the Yanshan Iron Mine, China, were determined, and the seepage parameters were obtained. The seepage behaviour in the silt layer, fine sand layer, silty clay layer, and gravelly clay layer followed the traditional Darcy law, while the gravel layers showed clear nonlinear characteristics. The relation among the permeability, the porosity and the non-Darcy coefficient is investigated. A coupled mathematical model is established for two flow fields, on the basis of Darcy flow in the low-permeability layers and Forchheimer flow in the high-permeability layers. In addition, we considered the effect of the seepage in the slope on the transition from Darcy flow to Forchheimer flow. Then, a numerical simulation was conducted by using finite element software (LELAC 2.2). The results indicate that the free surface calculated by the Darcy-Forchheimer model is in good agreement with the in situ measurements; however, there is an evident deviation of the simulation results from the measured data when the Darcy model is used. Through a parameter sensitivity analysis of the gravel layers, we found that the height of the overflow point and the water inflow calculated by the Darcy-Forchheimer model are consistently less than those of the Darcy model, and the discrepancy between these two models increase as the permeability increases. The necessity of adopting the Darcy-Forchheimer model was explained.
Data from: Fluorescence and photophysical properties of xylene isomers in water: with experimental and theoretical approaches
A thorough analysis of the photophysical properties involved in electronic transitions in excitation–emission spectra of xylene isomers has been carried out using the time-dependent density functional theory (PBEPBE/6-31 + G(d,p)) method. For the first time a structural and spectroscopic investigation to distinguish isomers of xylene, a widespread priority pollutant, was conducted experimentally and theoretically. The fluorescence properties of xylene isomers (sole and mixture (binary and ternary)) in water were studied. The fluorescence peak intensities of xylenes were linearly correlated to concentration, in the order of p-xylene > o-xylene > m-xylene at an excitation/emission wavelength (ex/em) of 260 nm/285 nm for o-, m-xylene and ex/em 265 nm/290 nm for p-xylene at the same concentration. The theoretical excitation/emission wavelengths were at ex/em 247 nm/267 nm, 248 nm/269 nm and 251 nm/307 nm for o-, m- and p-xylene, respectively. The vertical excitation and emission state energies of p-xylene (ex/em 4.94 eV/4.03 eV) were lower and the internal conversion energy difference (0.90 eV) was higher than those of m-xylene (ex/em 5.00 eV/4.60 eV) (0.4 eV) and o-xylene (ex/em 5.02 eV/4.64 eV) (0.377 eV). The order of theoretical emission and oscillator strength (0.0187 > 0.0175 > 0.0339) for p-xylene > o-xylene > m-xylene was observed to be in agreement with the experimental fluorescence intensities. These findings provide a novel fast method to distinguish isomers based on their photophysical properties.
Developmental and water deficit-induced changes in hydraulic properties and xylem anatomy of tomato fruit and pedicel
<p><span>Xylem water transport from the parent plant into the fruit plays a crucial role in fruit growth, development, and quality formation. Current research on fruit hydraulics has attempted to partition the hydraulic resistance of the pathway over development. However, no consensus has been reached and this question has not been addressed in the context of changing plant and fruit water status under water deficit. We rigorously investigated the developmental changes of hydraulic property of the fruit and pedicel under well-irrigated condition and water deficit based on hydraulic measurements, fruit rehydration, dye tracing, light and electron microscopy, and flow modeling. A decline in water transport capacity did not occur in the pathway prior to the fruit, but within the fruit itself, which might lie in the xylem and/or outside-xylem pathway. The developmental pattern of pathway hydraulic resistance was not significantly influenced by water deficit. The changed xylemic water flow between the fruit and the parent plant due to a reduced driving force under water deficit could explain the reduced fruit water accumulation. This work provides new insights into the understanding of xylem water transport in fleshy fruits and its sensitivity to water deficit from a hydraulics perspective.</span></p>
Supplementary files for "Connection between water's dynamical and structural properties: insights from ab initio simulations"
<p>Examples of input scripts and data files for the simulations.</p>
A hyperspectral and multi-angular synthetic dataset of optical properties for waters with varying trophic levels and optical complexity
<p>This synthetic dataset encompasses inherent and apparent optical properties (IOPs-AOPs) alongside associated bio-geochemical constituents. The bio-optical modeling framework benefited from insights and data accumulated over the past three decades, resulting on a comprehensive dataset of in situ IOPs, including diverse water typologies, and enabling the imposition of rigorous quality standards.</p> <p>Employing the Hydrolight scalar radiative transfer equation solver, we generated above-surface and submarine light fields across the specified spectral range at a “true” hyperspectral resolution (1 nm), covering the ultraviolet down to 350 nm, therefore facilitating algorithm development and assessment for present and forthcoming hyperspectral satellite missions. A condensed version of the dataset tailored to twelve Sentinel-3 OLCI bands (400 nm to 753 nm) was crafted. Derived AOPs encompass an array of above- and below-surface reflectances, diffuse attenuation coefficients, and average cosines,</p> <p>A unique feature of our dataset lies in the calculation of AOPs across the complete range of solar and viewing zenith and azimuthal angles as per the Hydrolight default quadrants. This comprehensive directional coverage caters to studies investigating signal directionality, previously lacking sufficient reference data. The dataset is thus the result of 6500000 Hydrolight simulations, distributed in 5000 files, each file encapsulating a specific IOP scenario, ensuring sufficient data volume for each water type represented. In addition, angularly resolved AOPs are incorporated.</p>
HULIS and WSOC optical property data in cloud water collected at Taishan in 2021
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Supplementary material 1 from: Yulyana A, Chaidir C, Simanjuntak P, Sulastri L, Abdillah S (2023) The water fraction of Cantigi (Vaccinium varingiaefolium Bl. Miq.) fruits demonstrate the highest antimetabolic syndrome properties on enzyme assay. Pharmacia 70(3): 587-594. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.70.e109333
Phytochemical screening of Cantigi extract
Data from: Fluorescence and photophysical properties of xylene isomers in water: with experimental and theoretical approaches
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Numerical simulation of the free surface and water inflow of a slope, considering the nonlinear flow properties of gravel layers: a case study
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Developmental and water deficit-induced changes in hydraulic properties and xylem anatomy of tomato fruit and pedicel
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
OMG Ocean Water Properties Data from Alamo Floats Version 1
This dataset contains level 1 in situ measurements of temperature and salinity from several autonomous, profiling Alamo floats. These floats change their buoyancy by inflating an external bladder with oil, allowing them to dive and surface regularly. Conductivity, Temperature and Depth sensors (CTDs) allow them to collect vertical profiles of temperature and salinity. This provided measurements of the ocean's physical characteristics around Greenland. The floats wer deployed as part of the Oceans Melting Greenland (OMG) project. The goal of the project is to find out what contributions the ocean has on Greenland's melting glaciers.
OMG Ocean Water Properties Data from APEX Floats Version 1
This dataset contains level 1 in situ measurements of temperature and salinity from several autonomous, profiling APEX floats. These floats change their buoyancy by inflating an external bladder with oil, allowing them to dive and surface regularly. Conductivity, Temperature and Depth sensors (CTDs) allow them to collect vertical profiles of temperature and salinity. This provided measurements of the ocean's physical characteristics around Greenland. The floats wer deployed as part of the Oceans Melting Greenland (OMG) project. The goal of the project is to find out what contributions the ocean has on Greenland's melting glaciers.
Dataset of "Pore-scale simulation of the impact of CO2-Water-Mineral Interaction on Rock Permeability and Mechanical Properties"
<p>This dataset supports the research study 'Pore-scale simulation of the impact of CO2-Water-Mineral Interaction on Rock Permeability and Mechanical Properties' by B. Yang, T. Xu, Z. Jiang, and H. Zhu.</p>
Anticariogenic Properties of Zamzam Water
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06538532. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Validating PACE aerosol columnar properties and OCI water-leaving radiances from ground-based network spectroradiometer measurements
Multiple units of in-house built SMART-s (Spectral Measurements for Atmospheric Radiative Transfer-spectrometer, 330870 nm at ~0.8 nm resolution), as a part of NASA/Pandora network with extended spectral range, will be deployed to support PACE validation over oceanic waters (Eureka Oil Platform, CA; ~8 miles off the coast of Long Beach, CA) and seasonal transported Asian dust, southeastern biomass-burning smoke, and locally generated industrial air pollutants such as trace gases, precursors, and aerosols (Taiwan) sites. Specifically, we propose to accomplish the following two tasks:1. To evaluate OCI's atmospheric-corrected water-leaving radiance/reflectance: Since the scans of SMART-s are very flexible and programmable, we will initially adopt the AERONET-OC operational criteria (e.g., IOCCG, 2019; Zibordi et al., 2021) for data continuity and consistency checks; then, after accumulating enough lessons learned from SeaPRISM, the advantage of SMART-s spectrometry will help improving the spatial-spectral-temporal sampling efficiency and effectiveness for PACE/OCI intercomparison (validation) and application. These water-leaving radiance/reflectance will be integrated with OCI's spectral response functions to meet their spectral range (i.e., 17 bands in 350710 nm at 15 nm bandwidth; 665/678 nm at 10 nm bandwidth) and uncertainty requirements.2. To validate PACEs aerosol and cloud products: We will utilize well-calibrated SMART-s' direct-Sun and sky measurements with SMART-s published methods (Jeong et al., 2018, 2020, and 2022) to retrieve columnar properties of aerosols (e.g., spectral AOD, single-scattering albedo, and ngstrm exponent, fine-mode fraction of complex index of refraction) and abundance of trace gases (O3, NO2, H2Ovapor). By leveraging the assets of the upcoming 7-SEAS (Seven SouthEast Asian Studies, 20242026, Taiwan in collaborating NASA AERONET/ MPLNET) international field campaigns, SMART-s measurements can be maximized for improving scientific understanding and validating PACE/OCI products.
Bio-optical properties of the different water masses in the Gulf of St. Lawrence
The St. Lawrence ecosystem is a complex environment influenced by a variety of physical forces (runoff, winds, tides, bathymetry) that sustains a diverse food web going from phytoplankton to whales. Chlorophyll concentration is thus an important variable to measure at the scale of the ecosystem. Because of its large size, remote sensing is the only available tool to measure chlorophyll distribution in the St. Lawrence using ocean color imagery. To fully utilize this type of data, it is however important to have a sound knowledge of the bio-optical properties of the different water masses in the system. A St. Lawrence SeaWiFS program was thus built to gather this knowledge beginning in 1997.
Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Water-Soluble Zinc Ionophores 1
GEO Series GSE6960. Homo sapiens. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Water-Soluble Zinc Ionophore: Cell Culture and Xenograft Model
GEO Series GSE6972. Homo sapiens. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Water-Soluble Zinc Ionophores 2
GEO Series GSE6962. Homo sapiens. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.