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3,947 results for “Requirement”
Data from: Phylogenetically informed spatial planning is required to conserve the mammalian tree of life
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Data from: Exceptional preservation requires fast biodegradation: thylacocephalan specimens from La Voulte‐sur‐Rhône (Callovian, Jurassic, France)
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Data from: High-throughput amplicon sequencing of rRNA genes requires a copy number correction to accurately reflect the effects of management practices on soil nematode community structure
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Self-compatible blueberry cultivars require fewer floral visits to maximise fruit production than a partially self-incompatible cultivar
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Data from: Temporal dissonance between group size and its benefits requires whole-of-lifecycle measurements
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Lichen speciation is sparked by a substrate requirement shift and reproduction mode differentiation
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A nutritionally complete pollen-replacing diet protects honey bee colonies during stressful commercial pollination: Requirement for isofucosterol
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Data from: Identifying 'useful' fitness models: balancing the benefits of added complexity with realistic data requirements in models of individual plant fitness
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Supplementary data for: Reproductive deficits induced by prenatal anti-Mullerian hormone exposure require androgen receptor in kisspeptin cells
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Data required to determine a catalog of radiation belt enhancement events
<p>These are the data that accompany a paper titled "Defining Radiation Belt Enhancement Events Based on Probability Distributions" by the same authors listed here. The paper will be submitted to the journal Space Weather.</p> <p>The data consist of text data files of radiation belt electron data. Each file includes a description of the contents on lines beginning with the character, #. The files are:</p> <p>LANL-GEO 1.8-3.5 MeV Data.txt which contains daily and satellite-averaged 1.8-3.5 MeV electron data from the LANL-GEO instruments. The data span 1989 through 2018.</p> <p>GOES 2 MeV Data.txt which contains daily values of maximum >2 MeV electron fluxes from the NOAA goes satellites in the same format as the file LANL-GEO 1.8-3.5 MeV Data.txt</p> <p>LANL-GEO Event Distribution.txt and GOES Event Distribution.text which contain the number of radiation belt electron events that are identified using a variable threshold flux value to define the events. </p> <p>LANL-GEO Event-Day Distribution.txt and GOES Event-Day Distribution.text which contain the number of days when radiation belt electron fluxes exceed a given threshold flux value.</p> <p>Catalog of Events.pdf which is a catalog of moderate, strong, and intense radiation belt enhancement events for the 1989 through 2018. </p> <ul> <li>Moderate Events are defined as those that occur on average 100 times per 11-year solar cycle, Flux > 5.37 (cm2-s-sr-keV)<sup>-1</sup></li> <li>Strong Events are defined as those that occur on average 100 times per 11-year solar cycle, Flux > 17.8 (cm2-s-sr-keV)<sup>-1</sup></li> <li>Strong Events are defined as those that occur on average 100 times per 11-year solar cycle, Flux ≳ 46.7 (cm2-s-sr-keV)<sup>-1</sup></li> </ul> <p>These data files can be used reproduce our analysis or, more importantly, they can be used for additional studies of the causes and consequences of radiation belt enhancement events.</p>
Figure 5 from: Taylor CL, Barker NP, Barber-James HM, Villet MH, Pereira-da-Conceicoa LL (2020) Habitat requirements affect genetic variation in three species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa. ZooKeys 936: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.936.38587
Figure 5 Median-joining networks of D. natalensis and D. capensis based on COI haplotypes generated in this study. The network was estimated using the median-joining algorithm in PoPArt v.1.7 with epsilon = 0. Each circle represents a different haplotype and the size of a circle correlates with number of individuals belonging to that given haplotype. Only haplotypes found in more than one sample are numbered. Colours indicate the geographic origin of sequences; black dots indicate unsampled or extinct haplotypes.
Figure 3 from: Taylor CL, Barker NP, Barber-James HM, Villet MH, Pereira-da-Conceicoa LL (2020) Habitat requirements affect genetic variation in three species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa. ZooKeys 936: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.936.38587
Figure 3 Median-joining network of A. sudafricanum based on COI haplotypes generated in this study. The network was estimated using the median-joining algorithm in PoPArt v.1.7 with epsilon = 0. Each circle represents a different haplotype and the size of a circle correlates with the number of individuals assigned to that haplotype. Only haplotypes found in more than one sample are numbered. Colours indicate the geographic origin of sequences; black dots indicate unsampled or extinct haplotypes.
Figure 2 from: Taylor CL, Barker NP, Barber-James HM, Villet MH, Pereira-da-Conceicoa LL (2020) Habitat requirements affect genetic variation in three species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa. ZooKeys 936: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.936.38587
Figure 2 Bayesian inference phylogram of Demoreptus spp for the COI gene marker. Support for major nodes is shown in the order Bayesian Inference / Maximum Parsimony / Maximum Likelihood (BI/ML/MP). Bars next to clades refer to distinct clades that are colour-coded according to the study areas found within that clade (see colour legend). Baetis rhodani Pictet was used as the outgroup.
Figure 4 from: Taylor CL, Barker NP, Barber-James HM, Villet MH, Pereira-da-Conceicoa LL (2020) Habitat requirements affect genetic variation in three species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa. ZooKeys 936: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.936.38587
Figure 4 Distribution of A. sudafricanum, D. natalensis and D. capensisCOI haplotypes across the study area. The map shows the study areas defined in Table 1, and the pie charts indicate the haplotype composition of the population from each area. Each colour represents a shared haplotype found across the study area; private haplotypes (singletons found in the samples from one particular population and are absent in the samples from other populations) are represented as clear sections within the pie charts.
Figure 1 from: Taylor CL, Barker NP, Barber-James HM, Villet MH, Pereira-da-Conceicoa LL (2020) Habitat requirements affect genetic variation in three species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa. ZooKeys 936: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.936.38587
Figure 1 Bayesian inference phylograms of A. sudafricanum for gene markers COI (left) and COI + 16S (right). Support for major nodes shown in the order Bayesian Inference / Maximum Parsimony / Maximum Likelihood (BI/ML/MP). Bars next to clades refer to distinct clades that are colour-coded according to the study areas found within that clade (see colour legend), except for the widespread grade which is designated by a solid black line. Branches bearing outgroups have been omitted to save space and their position is depicted by a dashed line.
Supplementary material 1 from: Taylor CL, Barker NP, Barber-James HM, Villet MH, Pereira-da-Conceicoa LL (2020) Habitat requirements affect genetic variation in three species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) from South Africa. ZooKeys 936: 1-24. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.936.38587
List of GenBank sequence accession numbers for each sample
LTP of inhibition at PV interneuron output synapses requires developmental BMP signaling
<p>This dataset represents the raw data that gave rise to the study by Vickers et al., 2020 in Scientific Reports (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-66862-5">DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66862-5</a>). Please refer to the original publication regarding experimental design and methodological details of data acquisition and analysis. Below we supply information on the provided metadata files (which, in turn, refer to individual raw data files), and essential details on the specific data formats:</p> <ol> <li>raw data is organized in the datasets related to Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4-E, 4F-H of the paper (Vickers et al., 2020);</li> <li>the metadata for each individual dataset, listing individual data filenames from the respective dataset, are stored in separate “.csv” files, one per each dataset. Field separator: comma;</li> <li>individual metadata files for each dataset are described in the master metadata file “metadata_master.csv”;</li> <li>patch clamp recordings (Figs. 1-3, 4F-H) are provided as “.dat” files, unmodified from the original version created by the acquisition software PatchMaster (HEKA Elektronik, Germany). Besides original PatchMaster software, these files can be imported using one of the following methods: I) via Igor Pro extension bpc_ReadHeka.xop (for 32-bit Igor Pro versions 5.xx - 6.37) by Holger Taschenberger (<a href="https://www.wavemetrics.com/project/bpc_ReadHeka">https://www.wavemetrics.com/project/bpc_ReadHeka</a>); II) via Python script by Luke Campagnola (<a href="https://github.com/campagnola/heka_reader">https://github.com/campagnola/heka_reader</a>); III) via Matlab script HEKA PatchMaster Importer by Christian Keine (<a href="https://github.com/ChristianKeine/HEKA_Patchmaster_Importer">https://github.com/ChristianKeine/HEKA_Patchmaster_Importer</a>);</li> <li>exact names of patch-clamp traces used for each Figure are provided in the corresponding “.csv” metadata files. Traces names are given in the format: ExperimentName_1_SeriesNumber_SweepNumber_ChannelNumber. When “*” is used, it means that every sweep of corresponding series was used for analysis (e.g. Nov0317_1_13_*_2 all sweeps from series number 13 were used). Description in the metadata files also specifies which series correspond to which experimental epoch (baseline or plasticity testing), and to pharmacological manipulations, if applicable;</li> <li>widefield fluorescent images of coronal brain slices, cropped images of subregions in the primary auditory cortex used for quantification, and confocal Z-stacks zooming onto single nuclei of neurons stained for FISH experiments (Fig. 4A-E) were converted into composite TIFF format from the proprietary formats of Axioscan Z1 slide scanning microscope and LSM700 confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss). TIFF format is readable by FIJI/ImageJ (<a href="https://fiji.sc/">https://fiji.sc/</a> or <a href="https://imagej.net/Fiji/Downloads">https://imagej.net/Fiji/Downloads</a>). Pixel resolution and voxel sizes are embedded in these TIFF files. Assignment of the color channels for each image is described in the metadata file.</li> </ol>
Artifacts: An Efficient Approach for Reviewing Security-Related Aspects in Agile Requirements Specifications of Web Applications
<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Defects in requirements specifications can have severe consequences during the software development lifecycle. Some of them result in time and cost overruns due to incorrect or missing quality characteristics, such as security. This characteristic requires special attention in web applications because they have become a target for manipulating sensible data. Several concerns make security difficult to deal with. For instance, (1) when stakeholders discuss general requirements they are often unaware that they should also discuss security-related aspects, because (2) they typically do not have enough expertise in security. This often leads to unspecified or ill-defined security requirements. These concerns become even more challenging in agile contexts, where lightweight documentation is typically produced. To tackle this problem, we designed an approach for reviewing security-related aspects in agile requirements specifications of web applications. Our proposal considers user stories and security specifications as inputs and relates those user stories to security properties via Natural Language Processing. Based on the related security properties, our approach identifies high-level security requirements from the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) to be verified, and generates a reading technique to support reviewers in detecting defects. We evaluate our approach via three experiment trials conducted with 56 novice software engineers, measuring effectiveness, efficiency, usefulness, and ease of use. We compare our approach against using: (1) the OWASP high-level security requirements, and (2) a perspective-based approach as proposed in contemporary state of the art. The results strengthen our confidence that using our approach has a positive impact (with large effect size) on the performance of inspectors in terms of effectiveness and efficiency.</p> <p>The files below contains the following data:</p> <p><strong>1) Consent form.docx</strong>: This document provides to the research subjects information to decide whether to participate in a research study or not based on an explanation of the proposed research and the nature of the participation that is requested of them.</p> <p><strong>2) Characterization_Questionnaire.docx:</strong> This document shows the questions used to characterize the working experience and knowledge of the participants of the controlled experiment. The answers obtained through this questionnaire allowed us to identify some key characteristics about three knowledge areas: Agile Software Development, Software Security and Software Inspection.</p> <p><strong>3) Experiment_Results.xlsx: </strong>This Excel document shows a summary of the results of the experiments by participant ID, trial and technique. It also synthesizes the defects found by the reviewers and the characterization, follow up and TAM questionnaire. </p> <p><strong>4) FollowUp_Questionnaire_AdHoc_Technique.docx: </strong>This document shows the questions used to acquire information about the review conducted by inspectors who used the ad hoc technique.</p> <p><strong>5) FollowUp_Questionnaire_Reading_Technique.docx: </strong>This document shows the questions used to acquire information about the review conducted by inspectors who used the proposed reading technique. </p> <p><strong>6) Repository of Keywords.docx: </strong>This document shows the keywords used by our proposed approach and that indicate some security concern. </p> <p><strong>7) Task_description_AdHoc_A.docx: </strong>This document shows textual instructions on how to follow the ad hoc review for a set of user stories. </p> <p><strong>8) Task_description_AdHoc_B.docx: </strong>This document shows textual instructions on how to follow the ad hoc review for another set of user stories.</p> <p><strong>9) Task_description_RT_A.docx: </strong>This document shows textual instructions on how to follow the proposed reading technique for a set of user stories.</p> <p><strong>10) Task_description_RT_B.docx: </strong>This document shows textual instructions on how to follow the proposed reading technique for another set of user stories.<strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>11) Training_Experiment.pptx: </strong>This document contains the material used to explain the topics involved in the experiment. It was used to train the subjects. </p>
Minimum habitat thresholds required for conserving mountain lion genetic diversity
<p>Jointly considering the ecology (e.g., habitat use) and genetics (e.g., population genetic structure and diversity) of a species can increase understanding of current conservation status and inform future management practices. Previous analyses indicate that mountain lion (<i>Puma concolor</i>) populations in California are genetically structured and exhibit extreme variation in population genetic diversity. Although human development may have fragmented gene flow, we hypothesized the quantity and quality of remaining habitat available would affect the genetic viability of each population. Our results indicate that area of suitable habitat, determined via a resource selection function derived using 843,500 location fixes from 263 radio-collared mountain lions, is strongly and positively associated with population genetic diversity and viability metrics, particularly with effective population size. Our results suggested that contiguous habitat of ≥ 10,000 km<sup>2</sup> may be sufficient to alleviate the negative effects of genetic drift and inbreeding, allowing mountain lion populations to maintain suitable effective population sizes. Areas occupied by five of the nine geographic–genetic mountain lion populations in California fell below this habitat threshold, and two (Santa Monica Area and Santa Ana) of those five populations lack connectivity to nearby populations. Enhancing ecological conditions by protection of greater areas of suitable habitat and facilitating positive evolutionary processes by increasing connectivity (e.g., road crossing structures) might promote persistence of small or isolated populations. The conservation status of suitable habitat also appeared to influence genetic diversity of populations. Thus, our results demonstrate that both the area and status (i.e., protected or unprotected) of suitable habitat influence the genetic viability of mountain lion populations.</p>
Assessment of companies' safety processes maturity in requirements engineering with Uni-REPM SCS
<p>Video presentation of the paper "<em>Assessment of companies’ safety processes maturity in requirements engineering with Uni-REPM SCS</em>" to appear at<strong> the Industry Track </strong>of CBSOFT 2020.</p> <p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Safety is an important quality attribute in the development of safety-critical systems (SCS). This attribute can be achieved by improving safety processes maturity to reduce accidents and safety incidents. In this work, we present a safety module called Uni-REPM SCS for the Uni-REPM maturity model. We describe the methodology used to develop the module, how we built and validated it and further research and possibilities of collaboration.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.