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Data from: Complete mitochondrial DNA replacement in a Lake Tanganyika cichlid fish
We used nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences from specimens collected throughout Lake Tanganyika to clarify the evolutionary relationship between Lamprologus callipterus and Neolamprologus fasciatus. The nuclear data supports the reciprocal monophyly of these two shell breeding lamprologine cichlids. However, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences show that 1) L. callipterus includes two divergent and geographically disjunct (North-South) mtDNA lineages; and that 2) N. fasciatus individuals cluster in a lineage sister group to the northern lineage of L. callipterus. The two mtDNA lineages of L. callipterus diverged c. 684 Kya to 1.2 Mya, coinciding with a major water level low stand in Lake Tanganyika, which divided the lake into isolated sub-lakes. This suggests that the two mtDNA lineages originated as the result of the separation of L. callipterus populations in different sub-basins. The incongruent phylogenetic position of N. fasciatus can best be explained by an ancient unidirectional introgression from L. callipterus into N. fasciatus. Remarkably, our data indicate that this event resulted in the complete mtDNA replacement in N. fasciatus. Our data suggest that hybridization occurred soon after the divergence of the two L. callipterus mtDNA lineages, probably still during the water level low stand, and that subsequently the invading mtDNA lineage spread throughout the lake.
Data from: Evolutionary relationships within the Triops (Notostraca: Branchiopoda) using complete mitochondrial genomes
The tadpole shrimp (Notostraca: Triops) have been called living fossils with conserved morphology, but subtle morphological variations within and between species has yielded confused taxonomic assignments. To aid in cryptic species detection of tadpole shrimp from southern New Mexico, USA, the first complete mitochondrial genomes for three putative species (T. longicaudatus "long," T. l. "short," T. newberryi) are reported. The genomes ranged in length from 15,058 bp to 15,060 bp with 13 coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and a control region. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using previously sequenced Triops-genomes to assess genetic relationships within the genus. The T. longicaudatus-genomes from Genbank were consistent with our genomes for T. newberryi and T. l. "short." Variation in mitochondrial genes were identified that will aid future identification of cryptic lineages of tadpole shrimp. Genetic differentiation among the genomes of Triops in New Mexico support elevation to species status.
FIGURE 1. Diogenes guttatus Henderson, 1888, A–D, F in A description of the first complete specimen of Diogenes guttatus Henderson, 1888 (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea: Diogenidae)
FIGURE 1. Diogenes guttatus Henderson, 1888, A–D, F, female, sl = 2.7 mm, off Thursday Island (AM 67380); E, male, holotype sl = 3.1 mm, Challenger stn 187 (NHM 1888.33.1). A, shield and cephalic appendages (aesthetascs omitted); B, right second pereopod (lateral view); C, dactyl of right second pereopod (mesial view); D, anterior lobe of sternite of third pereopods; E, F, telson (E after Siddiqui & McLaughlin, 2003). Scales equal 1 mm.
FIGURE 2. Diogenes guttatus Henderson, 1888 in A description of the first complete specimen of Diogenes guttatus Henderson, 1888 (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea: Diogenidae)
FIGURE 2. Diogenes guttatus Henderson, 1888, female, sl = 2.7 mm, off Thursday Island (AM 67380). A, chela and carpus of left cheliped (outer face); B, chela and carpus of right cheliped (outer face). Scale equals 1 mm.
FIGURE 12 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 12. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma d. A, maxillule; B, detail of inner margin (coxal and basial endites and endopod) of maxilla;C, first maxilliped; D, detail of second maxilliped. Scale bars: A, C and D = 0.4 mm; B = 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 11 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 11. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma d. A, ventral view; B, detail of antennule; C, detail of antennal peduncle. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B = 1 mm; C = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 8 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 8. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma c. A, ventral view; B, detail of antennule; C, detail of antennal peduncle. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B = 1 mm; C = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 5 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 5. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma b. A, frontal area, dorsal view; B, Mandible; C, maxillule; D, maxilla; E, first maxilliped; F, detail of second maxilliped. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B = 0.5 mm; C, E and F = 0.35 mm; D = 0.7 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 4. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma b. A, ventral view; B, detail of antennule; C, detail of antennal peduncle. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B = 2 mm; C = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 2. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma a. A, ventral view, B, detail of antennule. Scale bars: A = 2 mm; B = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 1. Distribution of Indian Ocean Palinustus species and geographical location of phyllosoma larvae described in the present study. Phy = phyllosoma; MOS = Palinustus mossambicus; UNI = Palinustus unicornutus; WAG = Palinustus waguensis.
FIGURE 7 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 7. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma b. A, pleon; B, pereiopod 5; C, pleopod; D, detail of pleopod tip. Scale bars: A = 5 mm; B = 2 mm; C= 0.5 mm; D = 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 3. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma a. A, maxillule; B, maxilla (mx2) and first maxilliped (mxpd 1); C, second maxilliped; D, detail of second maxilliped; E, pereiopod 5; F, pleon, ventral view. Scale bars: A and D = 0.1 mm; B and C = 0.2 mm, E = 0.6 mm; F = 1 mm.
FIGURE 10 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 10. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma c. A, pleon, dorsal view; B, pereiopod 5. Scale bars: A = 5 mm; B = 2 mm.
FIGURE 9 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 9. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma c. A, maxillule; B, maxilla; C, first maxilliped; D, second maxilliped; E, detail of second maxilliped. Scale bars: A, C and E = 0.4 mm; B = 0.5 mm; D = 1 mm.
FIGURE 13 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 13. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma d. A, pleon, dorsal view; B, pleon, lateral view of pleonites; C, first pleopod; D, detail of pleopod tip. Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B = 2 mm; C= 0.5 mm; D = 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 6 in Final-stage phyllosoma of Palinustus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Achelata: Palinuridae) — The first complete description
FIGURE 6. Palinustus sp. Phyllosoma b. A-D, pereiopods, distal part of endopods; E, left side of thorax, dorsal view; F, detail of epipod and podobranch of pereiopod 3. Abbreviations: art, arthrobranch; epi, epipod; ple, pleurobranch; pod, podobranch. Scale bars: A-D = 0.4 mm; E = 5 mm; F = 0.6 mm.
FIGURE 12. Gordius species with probable, but not completely sure assignments. A–C in Considerations on the genus Gordius (Nematomorpha, horsehair worms), with the description of seven new species
FIGURE 12. Gordius species with probable, but not completely sure assignments. A–C. Gordius cf. tatrensis. D–F. Gordius cf. plicatissimus. A,B. Posterior end (A) and cuticle (B) of male specimen (SR 623.2). C. Cuticular structure of female (SR 623.3). D,E. Posterior end (D) and cuticle (E) of specimen SR 1026. F. Cuticle from SR 1027.
FIGURES 11–17. C. perseana larval morphology. 11, complete setal map. 12 in A new avocado pest in Central America (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with a key to Lepidoptera larvae threatening avocados in California
FIGURES 11–17. C. perseana larval morphology. 11, complete setal map. 12, setal map of head. 13, mandible. 14, SD pinaculum on A1–8. 15, D1 and D2 setae on A8. 16, anal shield. 17, D1, D2, and SD1 setae on A9.
FIGURE 1 in Morphology of the complete larval development of the symbiotic crab Sestrostoma balssi (Shen, 1932) (Varunidae: Gaeticinae)
FIGURE 1. Sestrostoma balssi (Glassell, 1933), first zoea. A, complete larva, lateral view; B, same, dorsal view; C, antennule; D, antenna; E, mandibles; F, maxillule; G, maxilla; H, first maxilliped; I, second maxilliped; J, pleon, dorsal view.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.