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FIGURE 4 in Geometric morphometric analysis of Protoconites minor from the Cambrian (Terreneuvian) Yanjiahe Formation in Three Gorges, South China

FIGURE 4. Histogram showing the size spectra of Protoconites minor. 1. size distribution of all specimens analyzed in this study; 2. size distribution without laterally bended specimens.

FIGURE 2 in Geometric morphometric analysis of Protoconites minor from the Cambrian (Terreneuvian) Yanjiahe Formation in Three Gorges, South China

FIGURE 2. Protoconites minor from the Cambrian (Terreneuvian) Yanjiahe Formation in Yichang, Hubei, China. 1. No. Y-24B (2); 2. No. Y-41A (5)-1; 3. No. Y-765A (3); 4. No. Y-127B (1); 5. No. Y-28 (2); 6. No. CH-179A (3); 7. No. Y-273A (1); 8. No. Y-41A (14); 9. No. Y-445 (2); 10. No. Y-494 (2)-2; 11. No. Y-40A (11); 12. No. Y-1234 (3); 13. No. Y-844A (2); 14. No. Y-785 (2); 15. No. Y-40B (9)-1; 16. No. Y-880 (6); 17. No. Y-596 (2)-1; 18. No. Y-531 (3)-2. "CH" means the locality of the fossils from Dingjiaping section, "Y" means the locality of the fossils from Yangjiachong section.

FIGURE 3 in Geometric morphometric analysis of Protoconites minor from the Cambrian (Terreneuvian) Yanjiahe Formation in Three Gorges, South China

FIGURE 3. Definition of landmarks and semi-landmarks and the result of superimposition. 1. and 2. landmarks and semi-landmarks set on both straight and laterally bent specimens. Type II landmarks are 1, 2, and 3, and sliding semilandmarks are 4–34 in 1. and 2.; 3. consensus configuration after superimposition using Generalized Procrustes Analysis.

FIGURE 1 in Geometric morphometric analysis of Protoconites minor from the Cambrian (Terreneuvian) Yanjiahe Formation in Three Gorges, South China

FIGURE 1. Locality and stratigraphy of the Cambrian (Terreneuvian) Yanjiahe Formation in Yichang, Hubei Province, China. 1. Sketch map of the People's Republic of China, showing the position of the collecting locality in Hubei Province; 2. Simplified geological sketch map of the Three Gorges area, Hubei Province, South China, showing the outcrops of Cambrian strata. Red boxes around 3 (Yanjiahe area) and 4 (Dingjiaping area) denote areas that are enlarged for additional detail; 3. Detailed geological sketch map of the Yanjiahe area, showing the outcrops of the Yanjiahe Formation; 4. Detailed geological sketch map of the Dingjiaping area, showing the outcrops of the Yanjiahe Formation. (In 3 and 4 map: White = Ediacaran Dengying Formation; Pink and light green = Cambrian Yanjiahe Formation; Yellow and light blue = the Cambrian Shuijingtuo Formation; Green = Cambrian Shipai Formation; Black triangles indicate locations of measured stratigraphic sections) 5. Stratigraphic sequence of Lower Cambrian strata in the Gunziao section, Three Gorge area, indicating the horizons where fossils were collected.

FIGURE 26 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 26. Dicotylophyllum leptovenum Wang and Dilcher, 2009. 1, UF15706-24734, incomplete leaf showing strong primary vein and asymmetric lamina base. Scale bar equals 5 mm. 2, Enlargement of Figure 26.1 to show secondary and tertiary veins. Scale bar equals 1 mm.

FIGURE 22 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 22. Wingia expansolobum (Upchurch and Dilcher) comb. nov. 1, UF15706-14825, specimen showing a large leaf with irregular shape of lateral lobes. Note the structurally reinforced margin on sinus, pluvinus lamina extension on the thin and long petiole. Scale bar equals 1 cm. 2, Enlargement of Figure 22.1 to show the pluvinus lamina extension on the petiole. Scale bar equals 2 mm. 3, UF15706-24461, enlargement of Figure 22.4 (area indicated by arrow) to show looping of secondary veins near the lamina margin. Scale bar equals 1 mm. 4, UF15706-24461, specimen showing a small leaf. Scale bar equals 5 mm.

FIGURE 17 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 17. Sapindopsis retallackii sp. nov. 1, UF15706-3153, showing a leaflet with entire margin. Note the petiolule at the base (indicated by arrow). Scale bar equals 5 mm. 2, Enlargement of Figure 17.1 to show numerous thin secondary and intersecondary veins. Scale bar equals 1 mm.

FIGURE 14 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 14. Sapindopsis powelliana (Lesquereux) comb. nov. 1, UF15706-24670, leaf with three leaflets. Note bilobed ultimate leaflet. Scale bar equals 1 cm. 2, UF15706-4812, leaf with narrow oblong leaflets. Scale bar equals 1 cm.

FIGURE 9. 1 and 3 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 9. 1 and 3, Rogersia dakotensis Wang and Dilcher, 2009, UF15706-24798, general leaf shape, note thin secondary veins forming intramarginal veins (scale bar equals 5 mm) (1) and enlargement to show intramarginal veins formed by looping secondary veins (scale bar equals 1 mm) (3). 2 and 4, Rogersia parlatorii Dilcher and Wang, 2006, UF15706-7529, specimen showing leaf shape (scale bar equals 5 mm) (2) and enlargement to show secondary venation (scale bar equals 5 mm) (4).

FIGURE 8 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 8. Pabiania variloba Upchurch and Dilcher, 1990. 1, UF15706-14823, leaf showing basal actinodromous primary venation and basal secondary veins. Scale bar equals 1 cm. 2, UF15706-24464, leaf showing rounded lobe apex. Scale bar equals 1 cm. 3, UF15706-24587, specimen showing a small lobe on the left and entire margin on the right of the leaf. Scale bar equals 5 mm. 4, Enlargement of Figure 8.2 to show straight primary vein extending to lobe apex and two series of loops in the excostal region. Scale bar equals 1 mm.

FIGURE 5. 1-2 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 5. 1-2, Aquatifolia fluitans Wang and Dilcher 2006b, UF15706-8263′, leaf showing the spherical float on the petiole (1) and UF15706-24120, leaf showing cordate base and thin high order venation (2). Scale bars equal 5 mm. 3-4, Brasenites kansense Wang and Dilcher, 2006b, UF15706-14806, specimen (3) and line drawing (4) to show suborbiculate leaf shape, entire leaf margin, peltate central base, major primary veins. Scale bars equal 1 cm.

FIGURE 11. 1 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 11. 1, Jarzenia kanbrasota Wang and Dilcher, 2009, UF15706-3171, showing elliptic leaf shape and secondary venation. Scale bar equals 1 cm. 2, Liriophyllum kansense Dilcher and Crane, 1984, UF15826-3188, showing deeply lobed leaf, long petiole, and secondary venation. Scale bar equals 1 cm. 3, Credneria cyclophylla (Heer) Wang and Dilcher, 2009, UF15706-14821, leaf showing craspedodromous venation. Note all secondary veins and their exmedial branches terminating on leaf margin, resulting in a wavy appearance of leaf margin. Scale bar equals 1 cm.

FIGURE 2 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 2. Chart shows the Albian, Cenomanian and Turonian stratigraphic units in Kansas, the Tri-state area (Iowa, Nebraska, and South Dakota; modified from figure 4 of Brenner et al., 2000), and Minnesota (modified from figure 8 of Setterholm, 1994). 1, Courtland I clay pit, Minnesota; 2, Rose Creek, Nebraska; 3, Braun Ranch, Kansas; and 4, Hoisington III, Kansas.

FIGURE 4. 1 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 4. 1, Crassidenticulum decurrens (Lesquereux) Upchurch and Dilcher, 1990, UF15706-24648, fragment of leaf lamina. Note fine teeth on margin (indicated by arrow). Scale bar equals 2 mm. 2, Crassidenticulum trilobum Dilcher and Wang, 2006a, UF15706-24677, a trilobed leaf. Note thin and long petiole. Scale bar equals 1 cm. 3-4, cf. Crassidenticulum trilobum Dilcher and Wang, 2006a, UF15706-24684, a five lobed leaf (scale bar equals 1 cm) (3) and an enlargement of Figure 4.3 to show decurrent lamina tissue between two adjacent lobes (indicated by arrow) (scale bar equals 1 mm) (4).

FIGURE 7 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 7. Pabiania variloba Upchurch and Dilcher, 1990. 1-3, UF15706-24423, specimen showing suprabasal actinodromous primary venation (scale bar equals 1 cm) (1), enlargement of a sinus area to show sinus bracing by secondary veins (scale bar equals 2 mm) (2); and enlargement of basal portion of leaf to show two pairs of basal secondary veins (scale bar equals 2 mm) (3). 4-5, UF15706-30154, specimen showing a long petiole and ocrea-like structure at the base (scale bar equals 5 mm) (4) and enlargement of the petiole to show the ocrea-like structure (scale bar equals 2 mm) (5). 6, UF15706-14832, specimen showing suprabasal actinodromous primary venation and acute apices of the lobes. Scale bar equals 1 cm.

FIGURE 21 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 21. Wingia expansolobum (Upchurch and Dilcher) comb. nov. 1, UF15706-30158a, specimen showing a complete leaf. Note the long petiole with a swollen base and the extension of lamina tissue on the petiole. Scale bar equals 1 cm. 2, Enlargement of the petiole in Figure 21.1 to show the swollen base. Scale bar equals 2 mm. 3, UF15706-30158b, enlargement of a leaf on the back of the same specimen to show high order venation and glandular teeth. Scale bar equals 3 mm. 4, UF15706-24788, specimen showing a deeply lobed leaf. Note apically curved outer lateral lobes. Scale bar equals 1 cm.

FIGURE 10. 1 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 10. 1, Rogersia dakotensis Wang and Dilcher, 2009, UF15706-24620, general leaf shape. Note short petiole. Scale bar equals 5 mm. 2-3, Wolfiophyllum pfaffianum (Heer) Wang and Dilcher, 2009, UF15706-14815, basal and middle portion of leaf, note strong primary vein and entire margin (scale bar equals 1 cm) (2) and enlargement of Figure 10.2 (area indicated by arrow) to show eucamptodromous venation, note intersecondary veins (Scale bar equals 1 mm) (3).

FIGURE 16 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 16. Sapindopsis powelliana (Lesquereux) comb. nov. 1, UF15706-24711, leaf with six leaflets (indicated by numbers). Note eucamptodromous secondary venation and strong secondary veins. Scale bar equals 1 cm. 2, UF15706-24675, leaf with two ultimate lobed leaflets. Note that the apex of each lobe of the two leaflets dissects one more time to form two smaller lobes (indicated by arrows). Scale bar equals 1 cm.

FIGURE 15 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 15. Sapindopsis powelliana (Lesquereux) comb. nov. UF15706-24719, leaf with two opposite lateral leaflets, one ultimate leaflet with long and thin petiolule, and a stipule at the base of petiole (indicated by arrow). Scale bar equals 1 cm.

FIGURE 3 in Early Cretaceous angiosperm leaves from the Dakota Formation, Hoisington III locality, Kansas, USA

FIGURE 3. Cross section of the plant-bearing layer at the southwest end of the north clay pit at the Hoisington III locality, Kansas (Modified from figure 2 of Retallack and Dilcher, 2012).