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FIGURE 2 in Congenital and late onset vertebral fusions in long necked plesiosaurs: The first report of spondylosis deformans in Sauropterygians
FIGURE 2. Pathological cervical vertebra from Colymbosaurus megadeirus (CAMSM J63919) in 1. anterior view 2. right lateral view 3. ventral view. 4. Left lateral view of pathological vertebrae in series, museum numbers CAMSM J63919 v, w, x, aa; estimated positions in cervical series 26 to 29. 5. Plesiosauroid (indet) (GPIT.RE.03173) terminal cervical and first pectoral in left lateral view and 6. right lateral view. Abbreviations: cv, cervical vertebra; pv, first pectoral vertebra; ve, pathological ventral expansions. Scale bar equals 3 cm.
FIGURE 5. 1 in Congenital and late onset vertebral fusions in long necked plesiosaurs: The first report of spondylosis deformans in Sauropterygians
FIGURE 5. 1. General diagram of spondylosis deformans grades (based on Kranenberg et al., 2012) 2. Schematic diagram of plesiosaur cervical vertebrae showing spondylosis deformans grades. Grade 0: no enthesophytes. Grade 1: small enthesophyte at the edge of the epiphysis, not extending past the end plate. Grade 2: enthesophyte extending beyond the end plate but not connecting to enthesophyte on adjacent vertebra. Grade 3: enthesophytes on adjacent vertebrae connected forming bony bridges between vertebrae. 3. Reproduction of radiographic images of spondylosis deformans grades in a dog, for comparison. https://veteriankey.com/spondylosis-deformans/
FIGURE 1. Fused cervical vertebrae 12 and 13 in Congenital and late onset vertebral fusions in long necked plesiosaurs: The first report of spondylosis deformans in Sauropterygians
FIGURE 1. Fused cervical vertebrae 12 and 13 in juvenile Muraenosaurus sp. (NWM 19.96.G17) in 1. ventral 2. left lateral 3. right lateral and 4. dorsal view. 5. Ventral view of vertebral series (numbered), showing abnormal position of ventral foramina in vertebrae 10 and 11, and symmetrical positioning in 14, 15. 6. Reconstruction of Muraenosaurus (from Andrews, 1910) showing position of vertebral fusion. Abbreviations: for, foramina subcentralia; naf, neural arch facets. Scale bar equals 4 cm.
FIGURE 4. Cervical vertebral series from Callawayasaurus columbensis UCMP 38349 in Congenital and late onset vertebral fusions in long necked plesiosaurs: The first report of spondylosis deformans in Sauropterygians
FIGURE 4. Cervical vertebral series from Callawayasaurus columbensis UCMP 38349 in ventral aspect. 1. Vertebrae 15-18, anterior end to right. Scale bar equals 5 cm. 2. Enlargement showing claw-like ventral expansion projecting antero-posteriorly between vertebrae 16-17, 17-18. 3. Ventral view of cervical series from UCMP 38349 without pathologies, vertebrae 32-35. Abbreviations: ns, neural spine; cr, cervical rib; ve, pathological ventral expansion. Scale bar equals 5 cm.
Fig. 1 in Long-term exposure of Aedes aegypti to Bacillus thuringiensis svar. israelensis did not involve altered susceptibility to this microbial larvicide or to other control agents
Fig. 1 Resistance ratios (RR) betseen the lethal concentrations of Bti and its toxins (Cru11Aa, Cru4Ba), temephos (Tem) and diflubenzuron (Dif) for third-instar Ae. aegypti larvae from the RecBti strain compared to that of the reference strain. a RR at LC50. b RR at LC90
Рис. 11. Гидрометеоролого-технологическая блок-схема хоЗяйственных решений (di) и гидрометеорологических долгосрочных прогноЗов (Pi), необходимых для их принятия. Fig. 11. Hydrometeorological-technological block diagram of economic decisions (di) and hydrometeorological long-term forecasts (Pi) necessary for their adoption. in Review of methods for the forecast of mollusk's spat productivity in sea-farms of Primorye and probable ways of their enhancement
Рис. 11. Гидрометеоролого-технологическая блок-схема хоЗяйственных решений (di) и гидрометеорологических долгосрочных прогноЗов (Pi), необходимых для их принятия. Fig. 11. Hydrometeorological-technological block diagram of economic decisions (di) and hydrometeorological long-term forecasts (Pi) necessary for their adoption.
РИС. 5. ЗагрЯЗнение готовых обраЗцов длЯ СЭМ при длительном хранении в негерметичных условиЯх (A–C) либо при хранении проШедШих процедуру мацерированиЯ беЗ последуюЩего обеЗЗараживаниЯ (D, E). A–С. Бактерии на поверхности глохидиев (Nodularia douglasiae, р. ИлистаЯ, бассейн оЗ. Ханка, Приморский кр.). А. ВнеШний вид глохидиЯ, основное ЗагрЯЗнение на створке в верхней части фото. В. Крючок глохидиЯ, основное ЗагрЯЗнение в левой части фото. С. Створка, вид иЗнутри. D. Единичные бактерии на створке глохидиЯ, вид иЗнутри (Kunashiria japonica, оЗ. Утиное, о-в Зелёный, Курильские о-ва). E. Гифы гриба на створке глохидиЯ, вид на наружную пору (Beringiana beringiana, оЗ. АЗабачье, Камчатка). МасШтаб 50 мкм (А, C), 10 мкм (В, D), 1 мкм (Е). Микроскопы Zeiss MERLIN (А, B, C, E), Zeiss EVO 40 (D), напыление хромом (А–С), Золотом (D), углеродом (Е). FIG. 5. Contamination of the SEM ready-made samples during long-term storage under unsealed conditions (A–C) or during storage the samples that have passed the maceration procedure without subsequent disinfection (D, E). A–C. Bacteria on the glochidia surface (Nodularia douglasiae, Ilistaya River, Khanka Lake basin, Primorsky Krai). A. Glochidium with the main pollution on the valve in the upper part of the photo. B. Hook with the main pollution on the left side of the photo. C. Interior valve. D. Bacteria on the interior valve (Kunashiria japonica, Utinoe Lake, Zeliony Island, Kuril Islands). E. Fungal hyphae on the pore of exterior valve (Beringiana beringiana, Azabachye Lake, Kamchatka). Scale bars 50 μm (A, C), 10 μm (B, D), 1 μm (E). Zeiss MERLIN (A, B, C, E) and Zeiss EVO 40 (D) microscopes, sputter coating with chromium (A–C), gold (D), and carbon (E). in Методика подготовки раковин глохидиев (Bivalvia, Unionidae) длЯ работы на сканируюЩем Электронном микроскопе
РИС. 5. ЗагрЯЗнение готовых обраЗцов длЯ СЭМ при длительном хранении в негерметичных условиЯх (A–C) либо при хранении проШедШих процедуру мацерированиЯ беЗ последуюЩего обеЗЗараживаниЯ (D, E). A–С. Бактерии на поверхности глохидиев (Nodularia douglasiae, р. ИлистаЯ, бассейн оЗ. Ханка, Приморский кр.). А. ВнеШний вид глохидиЯ, основное ЗагрЯЗнение на створке в верхней части фото. В. Крючок глохидиЯ, основное ЗагрЯЗнение в левой части фото. С. Створка, вид иЗнутри. D. Единичные бактерии на створке глохидиЯ, вид иЗнутри (Kunashiria japonica, оЗ. Утиное, о-в Зелёный, Курильские о-ва). E. Гифы гриба на створке глохидиЯ, вид на наружную пору (Beringiana beringiana, оЗ. АЗабачье, Камчатка). МасШтаб 50 мкм (А, C), 10 мкм (В, D), 1 мкм (Е). Микроскопы Zeiss MERLIN (А, B, C, E), Zeiss EVO 40 (D), напыление хромом (А–С), Золотом (D), углеродом (Е). FIG. 5. Contamination of the SEM ready-made samples during long-term storage under unsealed conditions (A–C) or during storage the samples that have passed the maceration procedure without subsequent disinfection (D, E). A–C. Bacteria on the glochidia surface (Nodularia douglasiae, Ilistaya River, Khanka Lake basin, Primorsky Krai). A. Glochidium with the main pollution on the valve in the upper part of the photo. B. Hook with the main pollution on the left side of the photo. C. Interior valve. D. Bacteria on the interior valve (Kunashiria japonica, Utinoe Lake, Zeliony Island, Kuril Islands). E. Fungal hyphae on the pore of exterior valve (Beringiana beringiana, Azabachye Lake, Kamchatka). Scale bars 50 μm (A, C), 10 μm (B, D), 1 μm (E). Zeiss MERLIN (A, B, C, E) and Zeiss EVO 40 (D) microscopes, sputter coating with chromium (A–C), gold (D), and carbon (E).
Data from: Local environment and coral composition affect recovery and determine long-term coral responses to recurrent mass mortalities in the Lakshadweep Archipelago
<p>A quarter century after the first global coral bleaching event in 1998, reports differ on the relative importance of anthropogenic influences, local environment and bleaching recurrence in determining the resilience of coral reefs. While life history traits largely determine how corals respond to temperature anomalies, it is unclear if these traits also determine how corals fare over time. From 1998 to 2022, we tracked compositional changes in reefs across the Lakshadweep Archipelago to explore how global El Niño events, and local environment (wave climate and depth) influenced coral responses to repeated mass bleaching. From the 1998 to the 2016 bleaching event, the magnitude of coral mortality reduced overall, particularly at deeper reefs (shallow: -38% to -3%; deep: -18% to -0.45%). Post-bleaching recovery correlated positively with higher wave exposure, linked to the creation of stable structures for coral settlement and survival. Across bleaching phases, recovery was initially slow (6-7 years post-mortality), but, given time, showed a much steeper increase, led by space-occupying genera like <em>Acropora</em>. However, recurring mass bleaching maintained coral cover low (~15% across all sites). These broad trends mask dynamic compositional patterns. Genera such as <em>Porites</em>, <em>Pocillopora</em>, and <em>Favia</em> declined less through time compared to <em>Acanthastrea</em>, <em>Turbinaria</em>, <em>Psammocora</em> and <em>Plesiastrea </em>among others. We identified six community clusters that describe contrasting long-term responses to local and global factors, mediated by depth and wave exposure. Interestingly, genera with different functional traits cluster together indicating that bleaching susceptibility interacts with depth and exposure, creating a spatial mosaic of coral assemblages. These clusters serve as a predictive, site-specific framework to understand the dynamically shifting but declining assemblage of Lakshadweep reefs. While local management could help maintain this changing composition, urgent global action is needed to secure the long-term ecological integrity of tropical reefs.</p>
FIGURE 3 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 3 | Head osteological pattern in a c&s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing general morphology in lateral view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, n: nasal, op: opercle, pes: pteroticextrascapular, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Additional pore of the temporal sensory canal at sphenotic outlined in yellow. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 13 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 13 | Specimens of Corydoras caramater from the rio Tapajós basin photographed alive in lateral view, showing general color pattern and morphology of (A) an uncatalogued specimen from the rio Pacu with paler background color of body, (B) an uncatalogued specimen from igarapé Sonrisal with slightly darker background color of body, and (C) a non-type specimen (CPUFMT 8149, 1, 49.9 mm SL) from the rio Pacu with clearly darker background color of body. Photos by William Ohara.
FIGURE 10 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 10 | Pelvic girdle in a c&s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: bp: basipterygium, pae: anterior external process, pai: anterior internal process, pi: dorsal ischiac process. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish's body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Left dorsal ischiac process damaged during dissection. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 6 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 6 | Top of head and predorsal region of trunk of a c&s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL) in dorsal view. Abbreviations: f: frontal, fdbp: first dorsolateral body plate, n: nasal, np: nuchal plate, pes: pterotic-extrascapular, pso: parieto-supraoccipital, sph: sphenotic. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 2 | Two preserved specimens of Corydoras caramater, showing general color and morphological patterns in lateral view of (A) a paratype (LIA 8170, 38.1 mm SL), and (B) a non-type specimen from the rio Tapajós basin (CPUFMT 8149, 1, 49.9 mm SL).
FIGURE 9 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 9 | Lateral view of (A) the dorsal-fin spine and dorsal view of (B) the left pectoral-fin spine in a c&s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 41.6 mm SL), showing their serration patterns. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish's body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 1 | Corydoras caramater, holotype, MNRJ 54621, 49.3 mm SL, Senador José Porfírio, Pará, Brazil, rio Bacajaí, rio Xingu basin.
FIGURE 7 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 7 | Infraorbital series in lateral (A) and dorsal (B) views, and (C) suspensorium plus operculum in lateral view of a c&s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL). Abbreviations: aa: angulo-articular, d: dentary, hym: hyomandibula, io1–2: infraorbital 1 and 2, iop: interopercle, mp: metapterygoid, op: opercle, pop: preopercle, prh: posterodorsal ridge of hyomandibula, q: quadrate. Red arrows indicate the inner laminar expansions of both infraorbitals. Area where the illustrated bones are located in fish's body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 8 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 8 | Hyoid and branchial arches in (A) a c&s paratype of Corydoras caramater (LIA 1073, 35.9 mm SL), showing its general morphology in dorsal view, with the detail of hypobranchial (hb) 1 and 2, and of (B) upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials ((pb3 and 4) 3 and 4). General morphology in dorsal view of both hypobranchials (1 and 2) of another c&s paratype (CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL). Area highlighted in red in (A) indicating the position of upper tooth plate plus pharyngobranchials in the branchial basket. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 5 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 5 | Tip of snout in a paratype of Corydoras caramater (CITL 929, 45.3 mm SL), showing the area at corner of mouth in lateral view. Red arrow indicates the roughly triangular fleshy flap located between maxillary barbel and anteroventral portion of snout tip; yellow arrow indicates fleshy flap on dorsolateral portion of maxillary barbel base. Area where the illustrated structures are located in fish's body marked in red in the miniature drawing of the new species. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 16 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 16 | Ontogenetic series of Corydoras caramater (bred under aquarium conditions) showing general changes in external morphology and color pattern in specimens with (A) 8.0 mm TL, (B) 10.0 mm TL; (C) 13.0 mm TL, (D) 16.0 mm TL, (E) 19.0 mm TL, and (F) 24.0 mm TL. Photos by Hans Evers.
FIGURE 12 in A new long-snouted Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Xingu and rio Tapajós basins, Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 12 | Uncatalogued aquarium specimens of Corydoras caramater from the rio Tapajós basin photographed alive, showing general color pattern and morphology of a male (A) and of a female (B) specimens. Photos by Hans Evers.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.