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10,561 results for “mechanics”
Data from: Integrated optical-readout of a high-Q mechanical out-of-plane mode
<p>Source data for figures.</p>
Conifer seedling demography reveals mechanisms of initial forest resilience to wildfires in the northern Rocky Mountains
<p>Climate warming and an increased frequency and severity of wildfires are expected to transform forest ecosystems, in part through altered post-fire vegetation trajectories. Such a loss of forest resilience to wildfires arises due to a failure to pass through one or more critical demographic stages, or "filters," including seed availability, germination, establishment, and survival. Here we quantify the relative influence of microclimate and microsite conditions on key stages of post-fire seedling demography in two large, lightning-ignited wildfires from the regionally extensive fire season of 2017 in the northern Rocky Mountains, U.S.A. We tracked conifer seedling density, survival, and growth in the first three years post-fire in 69 plots spanning gradients in fire severity, topography, and climate; all plots were limited to within 100 m of a seed source to assure seed availability. Microclimate conditions were inferred based on measurements in a subset of 46 plots. We found abundant post-fire conifer regeneration, with a median of 2,633 seedlings per hectare after three years, highlighting early resilience to wildfire. This robust regeneration was due in part to moderate post-fire climate conditions, supporting high survivorship (>50% on average) of all seedlings tracked over the study period (n = 763). A statistical model based on variables describing potential seed availability, microclimate, fire severity, understory vegetation, and soil nitrogen availability explained 75% of the variability in seedling density among plots. This analysis highlights the overarching importance of fine-scale heterogeneity in fire effects, which determine microclimate conditions and create diverse microsites for seedlings, ultimately facilitating post-fire tree regeneration. Our study elucidates mechanisms of forest resilience to wildfires and demonstrates the utility of a demographic perspective for anticipating forest responses to future wildfires under changing environmental conditions.</p>
Dataset and Code for the article "Metamaterial-enabled asymmetric negative refraction of GHz mechanical waves"
<p>This submission contains scripts for generating ab-initio and/or from raw data the figures of the article<br> "Metamaterial-enabled asymmetric negative refraction of GHz mechanical waves" by SIMONE ZANOTTO,<br> GIORGIO BIASIOL, PAULO VENTURA SANTOS, AND ALESSANDRO PITANTI, published in NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2022.</p>
Data set associated with a research on nephrotoxicity of gasoline fumes in male albino rat: A mechanism-based approach study
<p>Few studies have reported nephrotoxicity of gasoline fumes in animals, but none of the findings has been fully ascertained and the mechanism underlying the observed toxicity still remains unknown. In this study, we present insights into the potential mechanism underlying the nephrotoxicity of gasoline fumes in 72 adult male albino rats. This study showed for the first time that accumulation of gasoline residues and metabolites in the kidney of exposed animal could potentially result in the generation of ROS capable of inducing renal dysfunction. The dataset uploaded are associated with this study. </p>
Do functional and phylogenetic nestedness follow the same mechanisms as taxonomic nestedness? Evidence from amphibians in the largest archipelago of China
<p>1. Nested subset pattern (nestedness) has been raised to explain the distribution of species on islands and habitat fragments for over 60 years. However, previous studies on nestedness focused on species richness and composition and overlooked the role of species traits and phylogeny in generating and explaining the nestedness.</p> <p>2. To address this gap, we sampled amphibians on 37 land-bridge islands in the Zhoushan Archipelago to explore nestedness as well as the underlying causal processes through three facets of diversity, i.e. taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity. The taxonomic nestedness was measured through organizing the species incidence matrix to achieve a maximum value, while the functional and phylogenetic nestedness were quantified by incorporating the similarity of species in terms of their ecological traits and phylogeny. We also obtained six island characteristics and seven species traits as predictors of nestedness.</p> <p>3. Amphibian metacommunities were significantly nested in these three facets of diversity. When relating different predictors to nestedness, island area, habitat diversity and species traits were highly correlated with taxonomic nestedness. Moreover, island area and habitat diversity significantly influenced functional and phylogenetic nestedness. Therefore, the results support the selective extinction and habitat nestedness hypotheses.</p> <p>4. Interestingly, although we did not observe significant influences of isolation on taxonomic nestedness, functional and phylogenetic diversities were significantly higher than expected when matrices were ordered by increasing distance to mainland. The result suggests that there are more functionally and phylogenetically diverse species on less-isolated islands, reflecting a selective colonization process overlooked by the traditional analysis of taxonomic nestedness.</p> <p>5. Although the three facets of nestedness and underlying processes were largely congruent, we detected the distance-related functional and phylogenetic nestedness for amphibian assemblages. Therefore, we highlight that a framework that simultaneously considers taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic nestedness contributes to a complementary understanding of nestedness processes. In addition, it also improves our ability to conserve insular biodiversity from different perspectives.</p>
Distinct mechanisms of mismatch repair deficiency delineate two modes of response to PD-1 immunotherapy in endometrial carcinoma
<p>Responses to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) are variable even among mismatch repair deficient (MMRd) cancers. We completed a phase 2 clinical trial of the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab in 24 patients with MMRd endometrial cancer (NCT02899793). Patients with mutational MMRd tumors (6 patients) had higher response rates and longer survival than those with epigenetic MMRd tumors (18 patients). Mutation burden was higher in tumors with mutational MMRd compared to epigenetic MMRd; however, within each category of MMRd, mutation burden was not associated with ICB response. Notably, JAK1 mutations did not confer resistance to pembrolizumab. Longitudinal single-cell RNA-seq of circulating immune cells revealed contrasting modes of anti-tumor immunity against mutational and epigenetic MMRd tumors. Whereas effector CD8+ T cell responses correlated with mutational MMRd, highly active CD16+ NK cells were associated with epigenetic MMRd tumors responsive to ICB. These data highlight factors beyond neoantigen burden that influence ICB response.</p>
Decoding diabetes biomarkers and related molecular mechanisms using machine learning, text mining, and gene expression analysis
<p>The molecular basis of diabetes mellitus is yet to be fully elucidated. We aimed to identify the most frequently reported and differential expressed genes (DEGs) in diabetes using bioinformatics approaches. Text mining was used to screen 40,225 article abstracts from diabetes literature. These studies highlighted 5939 diabetes-related genes spread across 22 human chromosomes, with 112 genes mentioned in more than 50 studies. Among these genes, HNF4A, PPARA, VEGFA, TCF7L2, HLA- DRB1, PPARG, NOS3, KCNJ11, PRKAA2, and HNF1A were mentioned in more than 200 articles. These genes are correlated with the regulation of glycogen and polysaccharide, adipogenesis, AGE/RAGE, and macrophage differentiation. Three datasets (44 patients and 57 controls) were subjected to gene expression analysis. The analysis revealed 135 significant DEGs, of which CEACAM6, ENPP4, HDAC5, HPCAL1, PARVG, STYXL1, VPS28, ZBTB33, ZFP37 and CCDC58 were the top ten DEGs. These genes were enriched in aerobic respiration, T-Cell antigen receptor pathway, Tricarboxylic acid metabolic process, vitamin D receptor pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response. The results of text mining and gene expression analyses used as attribute values for ML analysis . The "Decision tree", "Extra-tree regressor" and "Random forest" algorithms were used in ML analysis to identify unique markers that could be used as diabetes diagnosis tools. These algorithms produced prediction models with accuracy ranges from 0.6364 to 0.88 and overall confidence interval (CI) of 95%. There were 39 biomarkers that could distinguish diabetic and non-diabetic patients, 12 of which were repeated multiple times. The majority of these genes are associated with stress response, signalling regulation, locomotion, cell motility, growth, and muscle adaptation. ML algorithms highlighted the use of the HLA-DQB1 gene as a biomarker for diabetes early detection. Our data mining and gene expression analysis have provided useful information about potential biomarkers in diabetes.</p>
Catalytic mechanism for Renilla-type luciferases
<p>The widely used coelenterazine-powered Renilla luciferase was discovered over 40 years ago but the oxidative mechanism by which it generates blue photons remains unclear. Here we decipher Renilla-type catalysis through crystallographic, spectroscopic, and computational experiments. Structures of ancestral and extant luciferases complexed with the substrate-like analogue azacoelenterazine or a reaction product were obtained, providing unprecedented snapshots of coelenterazine-to-coelenteramide oxidation. Bound coelenterazine adopts a Y-shaped conformation, enabling the deprotonated imidazopyrazinone component to attack O2 via a radical charge-transfer mechanism. A high emission intensity is secured by an aspartate from a conserved proton-relay system, which protonates the excited coelenteramide product. Another aspartate on the rim of the catalytic pocket fine-tunes the electronic state of coelenteramide and promotes the formation of the blue light-emitting phenolate anion. The results obtained also reveal structural features distinguishing flash-type from glow-type bioluminescence, providing insights that will guide the engineering of next-generation luciferase‒luciferin pairs for ultrasensitive optical bioassays.</p>
A novel technique to simulate and characterize a yarn's mechanical behavior based on a geometrical fiber model extracted from micro-CT imaging: geometry and simulation data
<p>This dataset contains the original µCT scan data, the scripts and intermediate results for the generation of the geometrical fiber model, as well as the structural simulation files and their experimental validation data described in the paper <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00405175221137009">"A novel technique to simulate and characterize a yarn's mechanical behavior based on a geometrical fiber model extracted from micro-CT imaging"</a>, published in Textile Research Journal.</p>
Data from: Distinct developmental mechanisms influence sexual dimorphisms in the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus
<p><span>Sexual dimorphism is common in animals. The most complete model of sex determination comes from <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>, where the relative dosage of autosomes and X chromosomes leads indirectly to sex-specific transcripts of <em>doublesex</em> (<em>dsx</em>). Female Dsx interacts with a mediator complex protein encoded by <em>intersex</em> to activate female development. In males the transcription factor encoded by <em>fruitless</em> promotes male-specific behavior. The genetics of sex determination have been examined in a small number of other insects, yet several questions remain about the plesiomorphic state. Is <em>doublesex</em> required for female and male development? Is <em>fruitless</em> conserved in male behavior or morphology? Are other components such as <em>intersex</em> functionally conserved? To address these questions, we report the expression and functional tests of <em>doublesex</em>, <em>intersex</em> and <em>fruitless</em> in the hemipteran <em>Oncopeltus fasciatus</em>, characterizing three sexual dimorphisms. <em>doublesex</em> prevents <em>intersex</em> phenotypes in all sexes and dimorphic traits in the milkweed bug. <em>intersex</em> and <em>fruitless</em> are expressed across the body, in females and males. <em>fruitless</em> and <em>intersex</em> also affect the genitalia of both sexes but have effects limited to different dimorphic structures in different sexes. These results reveal roles for <em>intersex</em> and <em>fruitless</em> distinct from other insects and demonstrate distinct development mechanisms in different sexually dimorphic structures.<br></span></p>
Supporting Information for the Journal Article "The electrostatic potential as a descriptor for the protonation propensity in automated exploration of reaction mechanisms"
<p>This dataset contains the supporting information published together with the article "The electrostatic potential as a descriptor for the protonation propensity in automated exploration of reaction mechanisms" (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1039/C9FD00061E"><em>Faraday Discuss.</em>, <strong>2019</strong>, <em>220</em>, 443</a>).</p>
Christopher Polhem mechanical wooden modelTM1402
Christopher Polhem mechanical wooden model from the early 1700s This virtual artifact can be found in real life at the [Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology in Stockholm](https://sketchfab.com/Tekniskamuseet) Created in RealityCapture by Fredrik Olsson from 286 images in 01h:16m:22s. Please note: No post processing have been done, holes may occur in mesh Read more about [Polhem]( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Polhem"polhem") on Wikipedia. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Mechanical alphabet, TM1259
Christopher Polhem (1661-1751) created the so-called mechanical alphabet in the years just before 1700. The wooden models illustrated the fundamentals of physics and mechanics and were intended to serve as an educational tool in teachings at the Laboratorium mechanicum established in 1697. After his death, the collection continued to serve as a didactic instrument and became part of the Swedish Royal Model Chamber. In 1925, the collection of 31 models was deposited at the newly established National Museum of Science and Technology. [TM1259](https://digitaltmuseum.se/021026544721/mekaniskt-alfabet-modell?i=29&aq=owner%3A%22S-TEK%22+text%3A%22polhem%22"tm1259") (TEKS0013205) Created in RealityCapture by Kevin K. Read more about [Polhem](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Polhem"polhem") on Wikipedia. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Mechanical alphabet, TM1361
Christopher Polhem (1661-1751) created the so-called mechanical alphabet in the years just before 1700. The wooden models illustrated the fundamentals of physics and mechanics and were intended to serve as an educational tool in teachings at the Laboratorium mechanicum established in 1697. After his death, the collection continued to serve as a didactic instrument and became part of the Swedish Royal Model Chamber. In 1925, the collection of 31 models was deposited at the newly established National Museum of Science and Technology. [TM1361](https://digitaltmuseum.se/021026544835/mekaniskt-alfabet-modell?i=43&aq=owner%3A%22S-TEK%22+text%3A%22polhem%22"tm1361") (TEKS0014716) Created by Kevin K. in Reality capture. Read more about [Polhem]( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Polhem"polhem") on Wikipedia. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Mechanical alphabet, TM1397 (Low res.)
Christopher Polhem (1661-1751) created the so-called mechanical alphabet in the years just before 1700. The wooden models illustrated the fundamentals of physics and mechanics and were intended to serve as an educational tool in teachings at the Laboratorium mechanicum established in 1697. After his death, the collection continued to serve as a didactic instrument and became part of the Swedish Royal Model Chamber. In 1925, the collection of 31 models was deposited at the newly established National Museum of Science and Technology. [TM1397](https://digitaltmuseum.se/021026544851/mekaniskt-alfabet-modell?aq=text%3A%22polhem%22+owner%3A%22S-TEK%22&i=51"tm1397") (TEKS0015016) Created in RealityCapture by Fredrik Olsson from 294 images in 01h:13m:28s. Please note: No post processing have been done, holes may occur in mesh. Read more about [Polhem](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Polhem"polhem") on Wikipedia. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Christopher Polhem mechanical wooden modelTM1976
Christopher Polhem mechanical wooden model from the early 1700s This virtual artifact can be found in real life at the [Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology in Stockholm](https://sketchfab.com/Tekniskamuseet) Created in RealityCapture by Fredrik Olsson from 124 images in 00h:07m:28s. Please note: No post processing have been done, holes may occur in mesh Read more about [Polhem]( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Polhem"polhem") on Wikipedia. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Mechanical model, TM1259 (Low res.)
Christopher Polhem (1661-1751) created the so-called mechanical alphabet in the years just before 1700. The wooden models illustrated the fundamentals of physics and mechanics and were intended to serve as an educational tool in teachings at the Laboratorium mechanicum established in 1697. After his death, the collection continued to serve as a didactic instrument and became part of the Swedish Royal Model Chamber. In 1925, the collection of 31 models was deposited at the newly established National Museum of Science and Technology. [TM1259](https://digitaltmuseum.se/021026544721/mekaniskt-alfabet-modell?i=29&aq=owner%3A%22S-TEK%22+text%3A%22polhem%22"tm1259") (TEKS0013205) Created in RealityCapture by Fredrik Olsson from 294 images in 01h:17m:02s. Please note: No post processing have been done, holes may occur in mesh. Read more about [Polhem](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Polhem"polhem") on Wikipedia. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Christopher Polhem mechanical wooden modelTM1972
Christopher Polhem mechanical wooden model from the early 1700s This virtual artifact can be found in real life at the [Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology in Stockholm](https://sketchfab.com/Tekniskamuseet) Created in RealityCapture by Fredrik Olsson from 230 images in 00h:45m:15s. Please note: No post processing have been done, holes may occur in mesh Read more about [Polhem]( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Polhem"polhem") on Wikipedia. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Mechanical alphabet, TM1397
Christopher Polhem (1661-1751) created the so-called mechanical alphabet in the years just before 1700. The wooden models illustrated the fundamentals of physics and mechanics and were intended to serve as an educational tool in teachings at the Laboratorium mechanicum established in 1697. After his death, the collection continued to serve as a didactic instrument and became part of the Swedish Royal Model Chamber. In 1925, the collection of 31 models was deposited at the newly established National Museum of Science and Technology. [TM1397](https://digitaltmuseum.se/021026544851/mekaniskt-alfabet-modell?aq=text%3A%22polhem%22+owner%3A%22S-TEK%22&i=51"tm1397") (TEKS0015016) Created by Fredrik Olsson in RealityCapture from 361 images. Read more about [Polhem](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Polhem"polhem") on Wikipedia. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Christopher Polhem mechanical wooden modelTM1970
Christopher Polhem mechanical wooden model from the early 1700s This virtual artifact can be found in real life at the [Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology in Stockholm](https://sketchfab.com/Tekniskamuseet) Created in RealityCapture by Fredrik Olsson from 321 images in 00h:14m:25s. Please note: No post processing have been done, holes may occur in mesh Read more about [Polhem]( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Polhem"polhem") on Wikipedia. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.