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Figure 4 in Spiders that prey on jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)

Figure 4. Theridiid spiders feeding on other spiders. 1-2, Rhomphaea feeding on a captured araneid spider of the genus Eriovixia Archer 1951. 3-4, Rhomphaea with a captured tetragnathid spider, Leucauge fastigata (Simon 1877). 5, Kleptoparasitic theridiid of the genus Argyrodes Simon 1864 that has been feeding on a salticid (below). Photographs by Abhijith A. P. C.

Figure 8 in Spiders that prey on jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)

Figure 8. Female oxyopid spider of the genus Hamadruas Deeleman-Reinhold 2009 feeding on a penultimate male salticid of the genus Hyllus. Photographs by Abhijith A. P. C.

Figure 10. Adult female Carrhotus viduus near Green Tree Ants. 1, Watching a in Ant associations of the jumping spider Carrhotus viduus in Karnataka, India (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticini)

Figure 10. Adult female Carrhotus viduus near Green Tree Ants. 1, Watching a column of ants at a distance.

Figure 9 in Ant associations of the jumping spider Carrhotus viduus in Karnataka, India (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticini)

Figure 9. Nests of Carrhotus viduus near a colony of Green Tree Ants. 1-3, Three views of Carrhotus nest containing pre-emergent second instar C. viduus. 4, Tape measure (20 inch extension) to indicate scale (nest shown by arrow at lower left). 5, Carrhotus (arrow) and nest (C) near Green Tree Ants (upper right). Note the nearby Myrmarachne plataleoides (O. Pickard Cambridge 1869) nests (M). M. plataleoides is a wellknown mimic of the Green Tree Ant. 6, Detail from (5), showing a male M. plataleoides tending to a female in her shelter (M, lower right). Photographs by Abhijith A. P. C.

Figure 8 in Ant associations of the jumping spider Carrhotus viduus in Karnataka, India (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticini)

Figure 8. Carrhotus viduus near Green Tree Ants as they tend aphids (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) on Capsicum. Photographs by Abhijith A. P. C.

Figure 5 in Ant associations of the jumping spider Carrhotus viduus in Karnataka, India (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticini)

Figure 5. Association of Carrhotus viduus with an active colony of Green Tree Ants (Oecophylla smaragdina). 1, Immature C. viduus at upper left, near ant nest at upper right. 2-3, Two views of a C. viduus shelter (upper right) near Green Tree Ants. 4, Another C. viduus shelter (upper left) near Green Tree ants. Photographs by Abhijith A. P. C.

Figure 2 in Ant associations of the jumping spider Carrhotus viduus in Karnataka, India (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticini)

Figure 2. Carrhotus viduus nest near scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) tended by ants. 1, Note the position of the nest (arrow) below a group of scale insects tended by ants. 2, Detail showing spider within the nest, near a scale insect (right, center). Photographs by Sanath R. M.

Figure 1 in Serial broods in a single nest of the jumping spider Indopadilla cf. kodagura (Araneae: Salticidae: Baviini)

Figure 1. Adult female Indopadilla cf. kodagura on cultivated Areca Palm (Dypsis lutescens) in Guddekeri, Agumbe, Shimoga, Karnataka, India (26 SEP 2021). 1-2, Two views of female. 3, Female guarding multiple broods in nest, under the gaze of a nearby frog (upper left). This nest is shown in more detail in Figure 2.

Figure 3. A in Serial broods in a single nest of the jumping spider Indopadilla cf. kodagura (Araneae: Salticidae: Baviini)

Figure 3. A different adult female Indopadilla cf. kodagura in her nest, with one early second instar brood (D), and one late second instar brood with well-developed pigmentation (E).

Figure 7. Male Carrhotus viduus near Green Tree Ants. 1 in Ant associations of the jumping spider Carrhotus viduus in Karnataka, India (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticini)

Figure 7. Male Carrhotus viduus near Green Tree Ants. 1, Note the position of this male below the ants (arrow). 2, Male watching active group of Green Tree Ants. 3, Dorsal view of male. 4-5, Two views of male in shelter. Photographs by Abhijith A. P. C.

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Figure 2 in Multiple broods of the jumping spider Asemonea tenuipes (Araneae: Salticidae: Asemoneinae)

Figure 2. Multiple broods of a second female Asemonea tenuipes, in a different nest. 1, Female at center between her first, emergent brood and a second group of 22 eggs. Note how her position between these broods allows free access to the two entrances at either end of the nest (top and bottom of each photograph). 2, Eight days later, and most spiderlings of the first brood (at right) have molted into the free-living second instar stage, as shown by the presence of exuviae. The second brood, at left, has hatched, and this female has deposited a third brood of about 17 eggs between the other broods.

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Figure 3 in Multiple broods of the jumping spider Asemonea tenuipes (Araneae: Salticidae: Asemoneinae)

Figure 3. Multiple broods of a third female Asemonea tenuipes in a different nest. Members of the first brood (at left) already have well-developed eyes, and the 14 eggs of the second brood are ready to hatch. Note the presence of this well-fed female outside of her nest with captured prey (a brachyceran fly). Also note the multiple entrances at either side of this nest (top and bottom of the photograph), and a clear space for the female to move between these between her broods.

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Figure 1 in Multiple broods of the jumping spider Asemonea tenuipes (Araneae: Salticidae: Asemoneinae)

Figure 1 (continued from previous page). Multiple broods of a female Asemonea tenuipes, in a single nest. 3, Same female with the 20 emergent spiderlings from her first brood, and a second brood of 19 eggs deposited in two continguous rows. 4, Nine days later, the same female was once again gravid, after the departure of the first brood. At least 14 emergent instars from the second brood are visible. 5, Three days later, the female has deposited a third brood of 17 eggs near the first one, and about 10 spiderlings from the second brood can still be seen. 6, Ten days later, and only emergent instars of the third brood can be seen. All photographs in Figures 1-3 were taken by the senior author (PJ) in his backyard next to the Sanjay Gandhi National Park in Mumbai, Maharashta, India (19°13'59.6"N 72°51'52.5"E).

Figure 5 in Fluorescence in jumping spiders of the genus Tutelina (Araneae: Salticidae: Dendryphantini)

Figure 5. Adult male Tutelina sp. B (undescribed) from Greenville County, South Carolina. 1-6, Flash photographs of one male. 7-12, Blacklight (NUV, peak 395 nm) photos of the same male. The brighter, cyan structures are fluorescent. The female of this unusual species is similar in color and also has expanded, fringed tibiae I that resemble the head of an insect when viewed from the side.

Figure 4 in Fluorescence in jumping spiders of the genus Tutelina (Araneae: Salticidae: Dendryphantini)

Figure 4. Adult female Tutelina sp. A (undescribed) from Greenville County, South Carolina. 1-6, Flash photographs of a series of females. 7-13, Blacklight (NUV, peak 395 nm) photos of one female. The brighter, cyan structures are fluorescent. The male of this species has long black pedipalps and white leg I fringes that resemble those of T. similis (Banks 1895), but otherwise resembles the male of T. elegans.

Figure 3 in First records of the jumping spider genus Irura Peckham & Peckham 1901 (Araneae: Salticidae: Simaethina) from India

Figure 5 in Extension of fangs during the predatory jumps of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)

Figure 5. Adult female Psecas viridipurpureus from French Guiana (4.0855°N, 52.6818°W, 12 MAR 2021). Photo credits: 1-2, © Sean McCann (iNaturalist), modified under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license.

Figure 3 in Extension of fangs during the predatory jumps of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)

Figure 3. Photographs showing the lateral separation of chelicerae and extension of fangs by Phanias harfordi (Peckham & Peckham 1888) prior to contact with intended prey (Drosophila). In each case the camera shutter was triggered by interruption of a light beam (Appendix 1). Note the elevation of the pedipalps to enable attack with the chelicerae. 1, Female, antero-lateral view. Only one of the chelicerae is visible in the perspective. Collected in Berkeley, California. 2, Male, anterior view, showing both extended fangs in position to make a strike. Collected at Alpine Lake, Marin County, California.

Figure 8 in Extension of fangs during the predatory jumps of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)

Figure 8. Displays by adult male Zygoballus sexpunctatus (Hentz 1845), Greenville County, South Carolina. 1. Frontal view of courtship display, as seen by the courted female. In this display the chelicerae are held close together, flanked by the verticallyoriented pedipalps. The bright, light-blue scales that cover the face and chelicerae are a major feature of this display, and the position of the chelicerae, with retracted fangs, is not threatening. 2. Agonistic display while facing another male of similar size, engaged in the same kind of display. Here the large chelicerae and fangs are fully extended, supplemented by a large spine near the base of each chelicera that, like the anters of male deer, can play a role in a later, grappling stage of combat. Although this ritual display is formidible, this has not yet been observed to lead to damage to either combatant.

Figure 7. Adult female Phidippus mimicus from western Oaxaca. 1 in Extension of fangs during the predatory jumps of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)

Figure 7. Adult female Phidippus mimicus from western Oaxaca. 1, The dorsal color pattern of both males and females of this species may represent mimicry of mutillid wasps (Edwards 2004). 2, Immediately after its bite this female continued to threaten one of the authors (DEH) with exposed chelicerae and venom dripping from the fangs. Between extended chelicerae the light-grey rostrum of this spider is visible (19 MAR 2019).