Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
3,169
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
3,169 results for “bat”
Foraging shifts and visual preadaptation in ecologically diverse bats
<p>Changes in behaviour may initiate shifts to new adaptive zones, with physical adaptations for novel environments evolving later. While new mutations are commonly considered engines of adaptive change, sensory evolution enabling access to new resources might also arise from standing genetic diversity, and even gene loss. We examine the relative contribution of molecular adaptations, measured by positive and relaxed selection, acting on eye expressed genes associated with shifts to new adaptive zones in ecologically diverse bats from the superfamily Noctilionoidea. Collectively, noctilionoids display remarkable ecological breadth, from highly divergent echolocation to flight strategies linked to specialized insectivory, the parallel evolution of diverse plant-based diets (e.g., nectar, pollen, and fruit) from ancestral insectivory, and –unusually for echolocating bats– often have large, well-developed eyes. We report contrasting levels of positive selection in genes associated with the development, maintenance, and scope of visual function, tracing back to the origins of noctilionoids and Phyllostomidae (the bat family with most dietary diversity), instead of during shifts to novel diets. Generalized plant visiting was not associated with exceptional molecular adaptation, and exploration of these novel niches took place in an ancestral phyllostomid genetic background. In contrast, evidence for positive selection in vision genes was found at subsequent shifts to either nectarivory or frugivory. Thus, neotropical noctilionoids that use visual cues for identifying food and roosts, as well as for orientation, were effectively preadapted, with subsequent molecular adaptations in nectar-feeding lineages and the Stenodermatinae subfamily of fig-eating bats fine-tuning pre-existing visual adaptations for specialized purposes.</p>
Data from: Morphological and physiological consequences of a dietary restriction during early life in bats
<p>Early life adverse conditions can have major consequences on an individual's life history traits. Oxidative stress has been hypothesized to be one main mechanism underlying the negative consequences of early life adverse conditions. To test this hypothesis, we restricted the food availability of Seba's short-tailed bat (Carollia perspicillata) mothers of unweaned pups for 10 days, followed by ad libitum provisioning. We also had a control, unrestricted group. We explored the morphological consequences of dietary restriction during early life by measuring growth rate. We also measured four markers of blood oxidative balance during growth. We assessed the level of cortisol, and its inactive form cortisone, in the hair of the pups at the end of growth. Finally, we monitored survival during the first year. Food restriction triggered a slowdown in growth followed by catch-up growth when ad libitum feeding was restored which did not lead to full compensation in size or mass compared to control individuals. We found that higher growth rate was associated with elevated oxidative damage, suggesting an oxidative cost to growth.However, we found no clear evidence for physiological costs specific to the catch-up growth. Survival after a year was not impacted by the treatment, the oxidative balance or the level of glucocorticoids at the end of growth. In conclusion, our results show that individuals were able to efficiently mitigate the short-term consequences of adverse early life conditions. However, consequences might arise on the long-term, and could impact reproductive success or lifespan.</p>
Figure 1 in Ectoparasite insects of bats from the fields and weedlands eco-region of Argentina
Figure 1. Typical physiognomy of the Fields and Weedlands ecoregion, where the undulating geomorphology of the land is clearly visible, with a predominance of grasses and the presence of "islands" of forests ("mogotes").
Figure 4 in Ectoparasite insects of bats from the fields and weedlands eco-region of Argentina
Figure 4. Hesperoctenes cartus (CMLA 766 ♀): (A) Ventral view, (B) Antenna and anterior leg, (C) Gular region and Prosternum.
Figure 2 in Ectoparasite insects of bats from the fields and weedlands eco-region of Argentina
Figure 2. Map of localities mentioned in text. The shaded area indicates the distribution of the Field and Weedlands Eco-region in the argentine provinces of Misiones and Corrientes. Localities were ordered alphabetically and correlatively numbered. Following the number, we offer the name of the specific locality, geographic coordinates and Province and Provincial Department, both in parenthesis. (1) Camping Japonés, Arroyo Yabebiry, Loreto (27°17′S, 55°30′W) (Misiones, Candelaria); (2) Candelaria (Misiones, Candelaria) (27°28′S, 55°45′W); (3) Candelaria, Balneario Arroyo Garupá (Misiones, Candelaria) (27°29′S, 55°44′W); (4) Estancia Prates, Barra Concepción (28°05′S, 55°32′W) (Misiones, Concepción); (5) Osununú (27°16′S, 55°34′W) (Misiones, San Ignacio); (6) Parque Provincial Cañadón de Profundidad (27°33′S, 55°42′W) (Misiones, Candelaria); (7) Parque Provincial de la Sierra "Ingeniero Agrónomo Martínez-Crovetto", Municipio de San José, 210 m (27°44′S, 55°33′W) (Misiones, Apóstoles); (8) Parque Provincial Teyú Cuaré (27°17′S, 55°35′W) (Misiones, San Ignacio); (9) Reserva Ecológica Tupá Puojhá (Fachinal) (27°37′S, 55°43′W) (Misiones, Capital); (10) Ruinas Santa María (27°53′S, 55°20′W) (Misiones, Concepción de la Sierra); (1) Yapeyú (29°28′S, 56°49′W) (Corrientes, General San Martín).
Bat community response to intensification of biomass production for bioenergy across the southeastern United States
Human demand for food, fiber, and space is accelerating the rate of change of land cover and land use. Much of the world now consists of a matrix of natural forests, managed forests, agricultural cropland, and urbanized plots. Expansion of domestic energy production efforts in the United States is one driver predicted to influence future land-use and land management practices across large spatial scales. Favorable growing conditions make the southeastern United States an ideal location for producing a large portion of the country's renewable bioenergy. We investigated patterns of bat occurrence in two bioenergy feedstocks commonly grown in this region (corn, Zea mays, and pine, Pinus taeda and P. elliottii). We also evaluated potential impacts of the three major pathways of woody biomass extraction (residue removal following clearcut harvest, short-rotation energy plantations, and mid-rotation forest thinning) to bat occurrence through a priori land-use contrasts. We acoustically sampled bat vocalizations at 84 sites in the Southeastern Plains and Southern Coastal Plains of the southeastern United States across three years. We found that mid-rotation thinning resulted in positive effects on bat occurrence, and potential conversion of unmanaged (reference) forest to managed forest for timber and/or bioenergy harvest resulted in negative effects on bat occurrence when effects were averaged across all species. The effects of short-rotation energy plantations, removal of logging residues from plantation clearcuts, and corn were equivocal for all bat species examined. Our results suggest that accelerated production of biomass for energy production through either corn or intensively managed pine forests is not likely to have an adverse effect on bat communities, so long as existing older unmanaged forests are not converted to managed bioenergy or timber plantations. Beyond bioenergy crop production, mid-rotation thinning of even-aged pine stands intended for timber production, increases to the duration of plantation rotations to promote older forest stands, arranging forest stands and crop fields to maximize edge habitat, and maintaining unmanaged forests could benefit bat communities by augmenting roosting and foraging opportunities.
Data from: Comparative landscape genetics of two frugivorous bats in a biological corridor undergoing agricultural intensification
Agricultural intensification in tropical landscapes poses a new threat to the ability of biological corridors to maintain functional connectivity for native species. We use a landscape genetics approach to evaluate impacts of expanding pineapple plantations on two widespread and abundant frugivorous bats in a biological corridor in Costa Rica. We hypothesize that the larger, more mobile Artibeus jamaicensis will be less impacted by pineapple than the smaller Carollia castanea. In 2012 and 2013, we sampled 735 bats in 26 remnant forest patches surrounded by different proportions of forest, pasture, crops and pineapple. We used 10 microsatellite loci for A. jamaicensis and 16 microsatellite loci for C. castanea to estimate genetic diversity and gene flow. Canonical correspondence analyses indicate that land cover type surrounding patches has no impact on genetic diversity of A. jamaicensis. However, for C. castanea, both percentage forest and pineapple surrounding patches explained a significant proportion of the variation in genetic diversity. Least-cost transect analyses (LCTA) and pairwise G″st suggest that for A. jamaicensis, pineapple is more permeable to gene flow than expected, while as expected, forest is the most permeable land cover for gene flow of C. castanea. For both species, LCTA indicate that development may play a role in inhibiting gene flow. The current study answers the call for landscape genetic research focused on tropical and agricultural landscapes, highlights the value of comparative landscape genetics in biological corridor design and management and is one of the few studies of biological corridors in any ecosystem to implement a genetic approach to test corridor efficacy.
Data from: Efficacy of a probiotic bacterium to treat bats affected by the disease white-nose syndrome
The management of infectious diseases is an important conservation concern for a growing number of wildlife species. However, effective disease control in wildlife is challenging because feasible management options are often lacking. White-nose syndrome (WNS) is an infectious disease of hibernating bats that currently threatens several North American species with extinction. Currently, no effective treatments exist for WNS. We conducted a laboratory experiment to test the efficacy of treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens, a bacterium that naturally occurs on bats, to reduce disease severity and improve survival of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) exposed to Pseudogymnoacus destructans, the fungal pathogen that causes WNS. Application of the bacteria at the time of P. destructans infection reduced several measures of disease severity and increased survival, whereas bacterial treatment prior to pathogen exposure had no effect on survival and worsened disease severity. Our results suggest that probiotic treatment with Ps. fluorescens has potential for WNS disease management but the timing of application is critical and should coincide with natural exposure of bats to P. destructans. More broadly, these results add to the growing knowledge of how the natural host microbiota can influence disease outcomes.
Drivers of longitudinal telomere dynamics in the long-lived bat species, Myotis myotis
<p>Age related telomere shortening is considered a hallmark of the ageing process. <a name="_Hlk10395680">However, a recent cross-sectional ageing study of relative telomere length (rTL) in bats failed to detect a relationship between rTL and age in the long-lived genus <i>Myotis</i> (<i>M. myotis</i> and <i>M. bechsteinii</i>), suggesting some other factors are responsible for driving telomere dynamics in these species</a>. Here, we test if longitudinal rTL data show signatures of age-associated telomere attrition in <i>M. myotis</i> and differentiate which intrinsic or extrinsic factors are likely to drive telomere length dynamics.<a name="_Hlk30419416"> </a><a name="_Hlk26682824"></a><a name="_Hlk14445670">Using qPCR, rTL was measured in 504 samples from a marked population, from Brittany, France</a>, captured between 2013 and 2016. These represent 174 individuals with an age range of 0 to 7+ years. We find no significant relationship between rTL and age (<i>p</i> = 0.762), but demonstrate that within-individual rTL is highly variable from year to year. To investigate the heritability of rTL, a population pedigree (n=1744) was constructed from genotype data generated from a 16 microsatellite multiplex, designed from an initial, low coverage, Illumina genome for <i>M. myotis</i>. Heritability was estimated in a Bayesian, mixed model framework, and showed that little of the observed variance in rTL <a name="_Hlk513597000">is heritable (<i>h<sup>2</sup>= </i>0.06 – 0.01)</a>. Rather, correlations of first differences, correlating yearly changes in telomere length and weather variables, demonstrate that, during the spring transition, average temperature, minimum temperature, rainfall and windspeed correlate with changes in longitudinal telomere dynamics. <a name="_Hlk10396857">As such, rTL may represent a useful biomarker to quantify the physiological impact of various environmental stressors in bats.</a></p>
Data from: Concealed by darkness: interactions between predatory bats and nocturnally migrating songbirds illuminated by DNA sequencing
Recently, several species of aerial-hawking bats have been found to prey on migrating songbirds, but details on this behaviour and its relevance for bird migration are still unclear. We sequenced avian DNA in feather-containing scats of the bird-feeding bat Nyctalus lasiopterus from Spain collected during bird migration seasons. We found very high prey diversity, with 31 bird species from eight families of Passeriformes, almost all of which were nocturnally flying sub-Saharan migrants. Moreover, species using tree hollows or nest boxes in the study area during migration periods were not present in the bats' diet, indicating that birds are solely captured on the wing during night-time passage. Additional to a generalist feeding strategy, we found that bats selected medium-sized bird species, thereby assumingly optimizing their energetic cost-benefit balance and injury risk. Surprisingly, bats preyed upon birds half their own body mass. This shows that the 5% prey to predator body mass ratio traditionally assumed for aerial hunting bats does not apply to this hunting strategy or even underestimates these animals' behavioural and mechanical abilities. Considering the bats' generalist feeding strategy and their large prey size range, we suggest that nocturnal bat predation may have influenced the evolution of bird migration strategies and behaviour.
Data from: Bats perceptually weight prey cues across sensory systems when hunting in noise
Anthropogenic noise can interfere with environmental information processing and thereby reduce survival and reproduction. Receivers of signals and cues in particular depend on perceptual strategies to adjust to noisy conditions. We found that predators that hunt using prey sounds can reduce the negative impact of noise by making use of prey cues conveyed through additional sensory systems. In the presence of masking noise, but not in its absence, frog-eating bats preferred and were faster in attacking a robotic frog emitting multiple sensory cues. The behavioral changes induced by masking noise were accompanied by an increase in active localization through echolocation. Our findings help to reveal how animals can adapt to anthropogenic noise and have implications for the role of sensory ecology in driving species interactions.
Data from: Dietary resource overlap among three species of frugivorous bat in Costa Rica
The maintenance of biodiversity in tropical forests is thought to be dependent on fine-scale mechanisms of niche partitioning that allow species to coexist. This study examined whether three species of short-tailed fruit bat that co-occur at a lowland tropical forest site in Costa Rica (Carollia castanea, C. perspicillata, C. sowelli) avoid inter- and intraspecific competition through dietary specialization on species in the genus Piper. First, dietary composition was examined using faecal samples (n = 210), which yielded three main findings: (1) bat species and sexes vary in overall reliance on fruits of Piper, with a higher percentage of seeds of Piper detected in the diets of C. castanea (98.2%) and females (91.5%); (2) adults and juveniles partition species of Piper by habitat, with a lower percentage of mid- to late-successional species of Piper detected in adults (20.8%); and (3) overall, there is a strong dietary overlap among and within the three species of Carollia. Second, controlled choice experiments were conducted with individual bats (n = 123) to examine preferences for different species of Piper. These results indicated few differences in Piper preference based on bat species, sex, age class or reproductive status, suggesting preference is not the primary mechanism shaping the observed differences in dietary composition. Overall, the dietary composition and preference similarities suggest there is strong competition both among and within the three species of Carollia for food resources.
Figure 1 in Bat species composition associated with restinga lagoons from the Paulo César Vinha State Park, Espírito Santo, Brazil
Figure 1. Location of the Paulo Cesar Vinha State Park – PEPCV within Brazil, State of Espírito Santo and Guarapari. Latter A and B are the Sampled point one (P1) and two (P2), letter C and D are Feia and Vermelha lagoon, respectively.
Figure 2 in Bats in a restinga area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil
Figure 2. Campaign sites used to capture bats in the Caju Private Natural Heritage Reserve, Sergipe. (A) Site 1 and (B) Site 2.
Figure 1 in Bats in a restinga area in Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil
Figure 1. Location of the study area. (A) The state of Sergipe with a highlight on the municipality of Itaporanga d'Ajuda; (B) Caju Private Natural Heritage Reserve with an indication of the campaign sites (sites 1 and 2).
Figure 4 in Bat species composition associated with restinga lagoons from the Paulo César Vinha State Park, Espírito Santo, Brazil
Figure 4. Principal Component Analyses of the bat composition in the Paulo CesarVinha State Park – PEPCV,Espírito Santo,Brazil.Ordination was performed by species abundance and the matrix was transformed by Hellinger procedure.
Figure 3 in Bat species composition associated with restinga lagoons from the Paulo César Vinha State Park, Espírito Santo, Brazil
Figure 3. Observed and estimated bat species richness in the tree lagoons sampled in the Paulo Cesar Vinha State Park – PEPCV, Espírito Santo, Brazil. (A) 'Caraís' lagoon, (B) 'Feia' lagoon, (C) 'Vermelha' lagoon, and (D) Final observed and estimated species richness. Vertical bars represent 95% confidence intervals.
Figure 1 in On the development of a trait-based approach for studying Neotropical bats
Figure 1. Schematic model of biological traits of Neotropical bats. Life history traits in black boxes whereas morphological traits are depicted in white boxes.
Figure 3 in Ilha Grande, one of the locations with the most records of bat species (Mammalia, Chiroptera) in Rio de Janeiro state: results of a long-term ecological study
Figure 3. Relationship between number of species in the Phyllostomidae family (A) and number of captures in the Phyllostomidae family, (B) and capture effort (h.m²) in bat inventories in Rio de Janeiro state. Numbers correspond to locations listed in Table IV. Dots: cross = study 1 on Ilha Grande; square = study 2 on Ilha Grande; star = study 3 on Ilha Grande; triangle = study 4 on Ilha Grande; black circle = study 5 on Ilha Grande; grey circle = other studies in Rio de Janeiro state.
Figure 1 in Ilha Grande, one of the locations with the most records of bat species (Mammalia, Chiroptera) in Rio de Janeiro state: results of a long-term ecological study
Figure 1. Map of Ilha Grande with sampling points of the five studies described in this paper, conducted between 1998 and 2018 on Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. A map of South America is shown, detailing the location of the state of Rio de Janeiro, in southeastern Brazil, while in the enlargement is shown the state of Rio de Janeiro detailing the location of Ilha Grande.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.