Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
13,276
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
13,276 results for “IT management”
Data from: navigating uncertainty: managing herbivore communities enhances savanna ecosystem resilience under climate change
<p>Savannas are characterized by water scarcity and degradation, making them highly vulnerable to increased uncertainties in water availability resulting from climate change. This poses a significant threat to ecosystem services and rural livelihoods that depend on them. In addition, the lack of consensus among climate models on precipitation change makes it difficult for land managers to plan for the future. Therefore, savanna rangeland management needs to develop strategies that can sustain savanna resilience and avoid tipping points under an uncertain future climate. Our study aims to analyze the impacts of climate change and rangeland management on degradation in savanna ecosystems of southern Africa, providing insights for the management of semi-arid savannas under uncertain conditions worldwide. To achieve this, we simulated the effects of projected changes in temperature and precipitation, as predicted by ten global climate models, on water resources and vegetation (cover, functional diversity, tipping points (transition from grass-dominated to shrub-dominated vegetation)). We simulated three different rangeland management options (herbivore community dominated by grazers, by browser and by mixed-feeders), each with low and high animal densities using the ecohydrological model EcoHyD. Our results identified intensive grazing as the primary contributor to the increased risk of degradation in response to changing climatic conditions across all climate change scenarios. This degradation encompassed a reduction in available water for plant growth within the context of predicted climate change. It also entails a decline in the overall vegetation cover, the loss of functionally important plant species, and the inefficient utilization of available water resources, leading to earlier tipping points. Our findings underscore that in the face of climate uncertainty, farmers' most effective strategy for securing their livelihoods and ecosystem stability is to integrate browsers and apply management of mixed herbivore communities. This management approach not only significantly delays or averts tipping points but also maintained greater plant functional diversity, fostering a more robust and resilient ecosystem that acts as a vital buffer against adverse climatic conditions.</p>
Figure 2 in Biology of jungle perch, Kuhlia rupestris, identification of threats and knowledge gaps to improve local and global management
Figure 2. – Diet of K. rupestris in northern Queensland (Pusey et al., 2004).
Selection of a diversionary field and other habitats by large grazing birds in a landscape managed for agriculture and wetland biodiversity
<p>Several populations of cranes, geese, and swans are thriving and increasing in modern agricultural landscapes. Abundant populations are causing conservation conflicts, as they may affect agricultural production and biodiversity negatively. </p> <p>Management strategies involving provisioning of attractive diversionary fields where birds are tolerated can be used to reduce negative impact to growing crops. To improve such strategies, knowledge of how the birds interact with the landscape and respond to current management interventions is key.</p> <p>We used GPS locations from tagged common cranes (Grus grus) and greylag geese (Anser anser) to assess how they use and select differentially managed habitats, such as diversionary fields to decrease impact on agriculture and wetlands protected for biodiversity conservation.</p> <p>Our findings show a high probability of presence of common cranes and greylag geese in the protected area and in the diversionary field, but also on arable fields, potentially causing negative impact on agricultural production and wetland biodiversity.</p> <p>We outline recommendations for how to improve the practice of diversionary fields and complementary management to reduce risk of negative impact of large grazing birds in landscapes tailored for both conservation and conventional agriculture.</p>
Public Management for Local Development: Perception from the Administrative Area of a Municipality in Peru
<p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p><strong>Objective:</strong> To analyze the perception of the administrative department of a municipality regarding public management.</p> <p><strong>Method</strong>: Qualitative approach through interviews. The sample consisted of 30 employees from the administrative department of a municipality in Peru.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: It was found that the employees seem to have a clear understanding of the applied public management model and the organization of the administrative area. Responses regarding the management of financial, human, and material resources vary in accuracy and detail, suggesting a possible lack of knowledge in some areas. It is important to enhance communication clarity on these topics and provide precise information to ensure effective and transparent management within the municipality.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Municipality employees demonstrate an understanding of their roles and face challenges in teamwork and bureaucracy. There is some confusion regarding the "New Public Management" and a lack of knowledge in resource management. Improving training, streamlining procedures, and fostering team participation in planning are crucial aspects. Furthermore, implementing periodic assessments is recommended to enhance administrative efficiency.</p>
Individual and temporal variation in movement patterns of wild alpine reindeer and implications for disease management
<p>Animal behaviour is important for prevalence and outbreaks of infectious diseases, for instance by affecting individual interactions. Increasing the knowledge of individual movement patterns can provide better insight into disease prevalence and spread, helping to target efforts to minimise disease outbreaks. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal prion disease affecting cervids. CWD is transmitted by animal-to-animal contact and through the environment, thus individual variation in space use and social associations may influence disease transmission patterns and infection risk. CWD was detected in Norwegian alpine reindeer (<em>Rangifer tarandus</em>) in 2016, and eradication of the infected population was implemented. A 3:1 infection rate between males and females suggests sex-specific behavioural drivers. We utilised an extensive individual-based dataset of 149 GPS-marked wild reindeer to investigate individual variation in movement patterns in terms of inter- and intra-annual home range size and site fidelity, and variation in home range overlap and distances between individuals. We aimed to identify patterns which could indicate higher potential disease risk. Females had larger annual and seasonal home ranges than males, except during calving and rut. Greater home range overlaps and shorter between-individual distances were found between same-sex individuals than different-sex individuals, except during the rut. Accordingly, the rut season stands out with greater male home ranges, greater home range overlap and shorter distances between males and between males and females, which could indicate that this season is critical for disease transmission. Measures to prevent disease spread should lower contact rates, e.g., by reducing the abundance of adult males before they mix with other groups during the rut. This can be achieved for instance by allowing earlier hunt on adult males when they are distributed in small male groups, to reduce the transmission risk and keep disturbance of other individuals low.</p>
Data from: Social stability via management of natal males in captive rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
<p>Keystone individuals are expected to disproportionately contribute to group stability. For instance, rhesus macaques (<em>Macaca mulatta</em>) who police conflict contribute towards stability. Not all individuals' motivations align with mechanisms of group stability. In wild systems, males typically disperse at maturity and attempt to ascend via contest competition. In a captive system, dispersal is not naturally enabled – individuals attempt to ascend in their natal groups, which can be enabled by matrilineal kin potentially destabilizing group dynamics. We relocated select high-ranking natal males from five groups and assessed group stability before and after. We quantified hierarchical metrics at the individual and group level. After removal, we found significantly higher aggression against the established hierarchy (reversals), indicative of opportunistic attempts to change the hierarchy. Mixed-sex social signaling became more hierarchical, but the strength of this effect varied. Stable structure was not uniformly reached across the groups and alpha males did not all benefit. Indiscriminate natal male removal is an unreliable solution to group instability. Careful assessment of how natal males are embedded within their group is necessary to balance individual and group welfare.</p>
Managing for ecosystem response to drought and wildfire on the Colorado Plateau
<p>These data are responses to survey questions (see below) given to staff associated with natural resource management on the Colorado Plateau, U.S.A. The survey was intended to understand how managers perceived: 1) the degree to which managed lands have experienced drought, wildfire, and related stressors; 2) the current and future responses of ecosystems to these stressors and associated changes to natural resource condition; 3) the role of natural resource management interventions in preparing for stressors and ecosystem response; 4) limitations and barriers to management interventions. The survey consisted of quantitative questions, including a combination of close-ended (yes or no) questions, select-all-that-apply questions, ranked choice questions, and 3-point, 5-point, and 11-point Likert-scale questions. The survey also included qualitative open-ended and fill-in-the-blank questions. The survey was implemented within the Qualtrics program hosted at Northern Arizona University in Flagstaff, Arizona. The numbered questions below (Q1, Q2, etc.) correspond to the columns in the spreadsheet, with possible answers chosen by survey participants indicated below each question. Each participant is a row in the spreadsheet. All identifying information of the participants has been removed to maintain their anonymity. </p>
Data from: Upland Sandpipers select for later time since fire and experience high nest survival in grasslands managed with patch-burn grazing
<p>Upland Sandpipers (<em>Bartramia longicauda</em>) are a grassland obligate shorebird that nests in dense vegetation structure near recently disturbed areas and could benefit from management practices that promote heterogenous vegetation structure. Although, Upland Sandpipers primary breeding range is generally managed for livestock production using traditional practices that lack patchy disturbances to facilitate higher levels of structural heterogeneity. Patch-burn grazing (PBG) could be an alternative management practice for Upland Sandpiper conservation for its ability to create areas of dense vegetation structure near recently disturbed areas. However, limited information is available regarding nest production of Upland Sandpipers within a PBG framework. To assess the compatibility of PBG with Upland Sandpiper conservation, we estimated nest site selection and survival of Upland Sandpiper nests on private lands managed with PBG in the unglaciated plains region of North Dakota. We located 59 nests from 2017–2020. Upland Sandpipers avoided 1 year since fire (YSF) patches and selected for 2 and 3 YSF patches for nest sites. Additionally, nest site selection decreased with increased bare ground and at intermediate distances to the nearest Upland Sandpiper nest. Upland Sandpipers experienced high overall nest survival during the study with 51 of 59 nests successfully hatching, which limited our ability to make inferences between daily survival rates and variables of interest. Our findings suggest that PBG can provide suitable nesting cover for Upland Sandpipers in later YSF patches despite annual prescribed fire and livestock grazing during the nesting season. PBG seems a suitable grassland management strategy that should be included in conservation planning within Upland Sandpiper's breeding distribution.</p>
Recent tree diversity increase in NE Iberian forests following intense management release: a task for animal-dispersed and drought tolerant species
<ol> <li>Under increasing human-related threats to forests, many studies suggest that increasing tree species diversity may boost forest resilience by enhancing the range of species' responses to disturbances. However, it remains unclear whether passive or active forest management strategies should be applied to increase tree diversity. This issue would benefit from investigating which management and environmental factors, together with species' functional traits influence temporal changes in tree species diversity.</li> <li>We explored the influence of the bioclimatic region, land-use history, forest cover, protection, management, forest structure and changes in temperature and precipitation, to explain tree species diversity changes in NE Iberian forests, by comparing 3141 plots from the Spanish National Forest Inventory sampled between 1989 and 2016. Moreover, we assessed which species' functional traits (dispersal habit, drought and shade tolerance) were most relevant for diversity changes.</li> <li>After 27 years, tree species richness and diversity moderately increased in the tree and regeneration layers. This trend occurred mostly in long-established, non-recently managed forests and in those with a lower initial basal area. Increasing temperature had negative effects for diversity increase in the tree layer but positive for the regeneration compartment, while decreasing precipitation showed the opposite effects.</li> <li>Tree species with higher drought tolerance, and especially those animal-dispersed ones arriving from the regional pool, mostly contributed to the local diversity increase. This pattern occurred in all forest types, although the taxonomic array of species varied.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications.</em> The main drivers influencing the passive increase in tree species diversity suggest a primary role of diminishing forest exploitation in this recovery process, fine-tuned by climatic changes. This ecological scenario has particularly favored animal-dispersed tree species with higher drought tolerance, which mostly led the diversity increase. A higher presence of such highly mobile and drought-tolerant species can be crucial to increase functional diversity and, ultimately, increase forest resilience under future scenarios of greater aridity. In light of these results, management strategies should continue fostering the restoration of diversity in once intensively exploited forests while ensuring the maintenance of the already gained tree species diversity.</li> </ol>
Data for: Fire season and time since fire determine AM fungal trait responses to fire management
<p><strong>Rationale:</strong> AM fungi are common mutualists in grassland and savanna systems that are adapted to recurrent fire disturbance. This long-term adaptation to fire means that AM fungi display disturbance associated traits which are useful for understanding environmental and temporal effects on AM fungal community assembly. </p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> In this work, we evaluated how fire driven ecological selection on AM fungal spore traits varies with fire season (Fall vs. Spring) and time since fire. We tested this by analyzing AM fungal spore traits (e.g., colorimetric, sporulation, and size) from a fire regime experiment. </p> <p><span><span> </span></span><strong>Key results:</strong> Immediately following Fall and Spring fires, spore pigmentation darkened; however, this did not mediate the observed differences between Fall burned and no burn communities. Six months after Fall fires, spores in burned plots were lower in volume, produced less color rich pigment, and had higher sporulation rates, and these differences in spore traits were associated with shifts in AM fungal spore communities.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusion:</strong> This shows that AM fungal responses to fire vary based on season (stronger effects in the Fall) and with time since fire. Variation in AM fungal responses to fire time may reflect greater exposure to fire in Fall, when sporulation is highest.</p>
Integration of genomic and ecologic methods inform management of an undescribed, yet highly exploited, sardine species
<p>Assessing genetic diversity within species is key for conservation strategies in the context of human-induced biotic changes. This is important in marine systems where many species remain undescribed while being overfished, and conflicts between resource-users and conservation agencies are common. Combining niche modelling with population genomics can contribute to resolving those conflicts by identifying management units and understanding how past climatic cycles resulted in current patterns of genetic diversity. We addressed these issues on an undescribed but already overexploited species of sardine of the genus <em>Harengula</em>. We find that the species distribution is determined by salinity and depth, with a continuous distribution along the Brazilian mainland and two disconnected oceanic archipelagos. Genomic data indicates that such biogeographic barriers are associated with two divergent intraspecific lineages. Changes in habitat availability during the last glacial cycle led to different demographic histories among stocks. One coastal population experienced a 3.6-fold expansion, whereas an island-associated population contracted 3-fold, relative to the size of the ancestral population. Our results indicate that the island population should be managed separately from the coastal population, and that a Marine Protected Area covering part of the island population distribution can support the viability of this lineage.</p>
IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment: Chapter 2. Figures, tables, captions and data management reports
<p>This folder contains the figures and tables included in Chapter 2 of the IPBES Invasive Alien Species and their Control Assessment Report. Each figure is provided in pdf and svg format. In addition, the R scripts and the data sets required to generate the figures are provided as well.</p><p>The figures and tables showing information about alien species numbers or distributions are all based on two data sets, which are stored on Zenodo folders. One data set contains the records of alien species per region worldwide (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7554428) and the workflow including R scripts have been published (https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.59.53578). This data set is called the 'chapter database'. Version 2.4.1 of this data set was used to extract the numbers shown in figures and tables of this chapter. The second data set (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458083) contains coordinates of alien species occurrences worldwide and the workflow including R scripts have also been published elsewhere (https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.74.81082). Version 1.0.1 of this data set was used here.</p><p>The folder also contains the data management reports for the generation of the chapter database and figures.</p>
Managing competition between legacy television services and video streaming platforms in Hungary in the early 2020s – A case study [Secondary documentary sources]
<p>Secondary documentary sources used in the paper entitled "Managing competition between legacy television services and video streaming platforms in Hungary in the early 2020s – A case study"</p>
Bird and vegetation diversity in Chaco forests under different cattle management practices
<p>Birds play key roles in forest dynamics, favoring the resilience of forests to cattle ranching. Generalist species may benefit from changes in the vegetation structure caused by cattle grazing while specialist species are usually negatively affected. Therefore, studying changes in taxonomic and functional bird diversity can provide valuable information in order to propose sustainable cattle management practices. Here, we study the influence of different cattle management practices (Cattle Exclusion: FCE; Continuous grazing: FCG; Rotational grazing: FRG; Seasonal grazing: FSG) on the understory vegetation structure, and the bird taxonomic and functional diversity in humid Chaco forests of Argentina. Forests under grazing had an open (FCG) or semi-open (FRG and FSG) understory, whereas FCE presented a closed understory with higher plant richness. Generalized linear models revealed a decrease in bird richness and abundance under most cattle management practices compared to FCE. However, FRG was most similar to FCE in terms of vegetation structure and showed no differences in bird richness. FCE presented the lowest values of functional diversity while FCG and FRG showed the highest values. A fourth-corner analysis showed that FCE was associated with insectivorous species which forage and nest in the shrub layer, reflecting a possible loss of ecosystem services in forests with cattle grazing. We propose FRG as the most appropriate cattle management option and the least detrimental to bird assemblages. However, maintaining protected areas that exclude cattle ranching activities will be key to striking a balance between the conservation of most specialist species and beef production.</p>
Appendix 1 to "The Status of Biological Invasions and their Management in South Africa in 2022"—Species level pathway data
<p>SANBI and CIB 2023. Appendix 1 to "The Status of Biological Invasions and their Management in South Africa in 2022"—Species level pathway data. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch and DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch. http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8217192</p> <p>For more details see: http://iasreport.sanbi.org.za</p> <p>For the report itself see: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8217182</p>
Appendix 7 to "The Status of Biological Invasions and their Management in South Africa in 2022"—The Species List for the Prince Edward Islands
<p>SANBI and CIB 2023. Appendix 7 to "The Status of Biological Invasions and their Management in South Africa in 2022"—The Species List for the Prince Edward Islands. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch and DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch. http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8217229</p> <p> </p> <p>For more details see: http://iasreport.sanbi.org.za<br> For the report itself see: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8217182</p>
The paradigm of tax-reward and tax-punishment strategies in the advancement of public resource management dynamics
<p>In contemporary society, the effective utilization of public resources remains a subject of significant concern. A common issue arises from defectors seeking to obtain an excessive share of these resources for personal gain, potentially leading to resource depletion. To mitigate this tragedy and ensure sustainable development of resources, implementing mechanisms to either reward those who adhere to distribution rules or penalize those who do not, appears advantageous. We introduce two models: a tax-reward model and a tax-punishment model, to address this issue. Our analysis reveals that in the tax-reward model, the evolutionary trajectory of the system is influenced not only by the tax revenue collected but also by the natural growth rate of the resources. Conversely, the tax-punishment model exhibits distinct characteristics when compared to the tax-reward model, notably the potential for bistability. In such scenarios, the selection of initial conditions is critical, as it can determine the system's path. Furthermore, our study identifies instances where the system lacks stable points, exemplified by a limit cycle phenomenon, underscoring the complexity and dynamism inherent in managing public resources using these models.</p>
Regional demography of Icelandic rock ptarmigan and its implications for harvest management
<p>The rock ptarmigan is a popular game bird in Iceland, but management of hunting has tended to be controversial. We were interested in whether regional differences in ptarmigan demography exist and, if so, their implications for harvest management.</p> <p>We fit integrated population models (IPMs) to monitoring data from six hunting regions of Iceland during 2005 – 2023, and then examined equilibrium and non-equilibrium harvests strategies based on an objective to maximize sustainable harvest.</p> <p>Survival and reproductive rates tended to be similar among regions, except in the demographically important Northeast, where survival was lower and productivity was higher. There was a negative relationship between post-breeding age ratio and spring abundance in all regions, although the strength of density dependence varied. Spring abundance was stable in all regions, although harvest rates tended to decline, and adult survival rates tended to increase. There was a tendency for temporal patterns of demography to be positively correlated among regions. Evidence for cyclical patterns in abundance was weak, but this may be an artifact of the relatively short time series.</p> <p>Sustainable harvest potential varied among regions and was greatest in the East and Northeast. It appears that harvests during 2005 – 2022 were somewhat less than the sustainable maximum. Non-equilibrium harvest strategies, in which the allowable harvests depend on spring population size and anticipated productivity, are so-called "bang-bang" strategies, meaning that no or very little harvest is optimal until the population is at or above its maximum level of net production.</p> <p><em>Synthesis and applications:</em> Regional differences in ptarmigan demography warrant different harvest strategies. Yet the hunting season in Iceland historically has been regulated on a country-wide basis, with population abundance and dynamics in the Northeast playing a key role. To implement regional harvest management, decision makers must first agree on harvest-management objectives that satisfy most stakeholders, who tend to hold very diverse values. Moreover, the historical relationship between season length and harvest rate is tenuous at best, yet season length is the primary mechanism traditionally used to control harvest. The uncertainty in this relationship could be addressed in an adaptive-management framework.</p>
Woodland expansion and upland management strategy dilemmas for biodiversity and carbon storage in the Cairngorms National Park
<p>datatsets and R scripts related to the analysis done in the research project "<span>impact of woodlands restoration and restriction of fire use in the Cairngorms National Park". <br></span></p>
Impacts of umbrella species management on non-target species
<p>Restoration of anthropogenically altered habitats has often focused on management for umbrella species—vulnerable species whose conservation is thought to benefit co-occurring species. Woody plant encroachment is a form of habitat alteration occurring in grasslands and shrublands around the globe, driven by anthropogenic shifts in disturbance regimes. One pervasive threat to historically widespread sagebrush communities is conifer expansion, which outcompetes sagebrush and can negatively affect sagebrush-obligate animal species. Degradation and loss of sagebrush plant communities in western North America have been associated with drastic declines in wildlife populations. The imperiled Greater Sage-Grouse is assumed to be an umbrella species for the sagebrush community, so habitat restoration, including removal of encroaching conifers, is commonly targeted toward sage-grouse. How this conservation action affects the demography of species other than age grouse is largely unknown. We quantified the demographic effects of landscape-level restoration of sagebrush communities through conifer removal on an assemblage of sagebrush-obligate, shrubland generalist, and woodland-associated songbirds. We compared songbird density and reproduction between adjacent restored and uncut conifer-encroached sagebrush plots in southwest Montana. We found and monitored nests to record nest fate and number of offspring produced. We found demographic benefits for sagebrush-obligate species in restored areas. Sage Thrashers colonized restored areas. Brewer's Sparrow density was 39% higher and nest success was 63% higher in removal treatments, resulting in 119% higher fledgling production compared with uncut areas. The density of Vesper Sparrows, a shrubland generalist, was 308% higher, and fledgling production was 660% higher in restored areas. Another shrubland generalist, the White-crowned Sparrow, experienced 55% lower density and 37% lower fledgling production in conifer removal areas. Two woodland-associated species, Chipping Sparrows and Dark-eyed Juncos were nearly extirpated following conifer removal. A third woodland-associated species, the Green-tailed Towhee, experienced 57% lower density and 69% lower fledgling production in removal than in non-removal areas.</p> <p><strong>Synthesis and applications: </strong>Our study demonstrates the benefits of conifer removal for sagebrush-obligate species while highlighting species that may be sensitive. Umbrella species management can benefit co-occurring species with similar habitat associations, but demographic analyses for all impacted species are essential for effective conservation.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.