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12,346 results for “derivatives”
Effect of different feeding substrates on the production of in-sect-derived frass fertilizers for effective alleviation of ammonium (NH4+) toxicity - Raw Data and Supplementary Materials
<p>Raw data and Supplementary Materials for the submitted Article Titled: "Effect of different feeding substrates on the production of in-sect-derived frass fertilizers for effective alleviation of ammonium (NH4+) toxicity". Submitted to Agronomy-Basel MDPI. </p>
MALDI-MS raw files of primary human lung cancer samples, lung cancer patient derived xenografts and lung cancer mouse models
<p>Human primary lung cancer samples, patient derived lung cancer xenografts and lung tumors from the TetO-KRASG12D mouse model were analyzed using MALDI-MS. We determined the spatial distribution and relative abundance of lipids of interest. </p>
GEOROC data as SQLite database derived from GEOROC Compilations provided by DIGIS Team
<p>Cite the sources of this dataset as:</p> <blockquote> <p>DIGIS Team, 2022, "GEOROC Compilation: Archaean Cratons", https://doi.org/10.25625/1KRR1P, GRO.data, V3</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>DIGIS Team, 2022, "GEOROC Compilation: Complex Volcanic Settings", https://doi.org/10.25625/1VOFM5, GRO.data, V3</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>DIGIS Team, 2022, "GEOROC Compilation: Continental Flood Basalts", https://doi.org/10.25625/WSTPOX, GRO.data, V3</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>DIGIS Team, 2022, "GEOROC Compilation: Convergent Margins", https://doi.org/10.25625/PVFZCE, GRO.data, V3</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>DIGIS Team, 2022, "GEOROC Compilation: Intraplate Volcanic Rocks", https://doi.org/10.25625/RZZ9VM, GRO.data, V3</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>DIGIS Team, 2022, "GEOROC Compilation: Ocean Basin Flood Basalts", https://doi.org/10.25625/AVLFC2, GRO.data, V3</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>DIGIS Team, 2022, "GEOROC Compilation: Ocean Island Groups", https://doi.org/10.25625/WFJZKY, GRO.data, V3</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>DIGIS Team, 2022, "GEOROC Compilation: Oceanic Plateaus", https://doi.org/10.25625/JRZIJF, GRO.data, V3</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>DIGIS Team, 2022, "GEOROC Compilation: Rift Volcanics", https://doi.org/10.25625/KAIVCT, GRO.data, V3</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>DIGIS Team, 2022, "GEOROC Compilation: Seamounts", https://doi.org/10.25625/JUQK7N, GRO.data, V3</p> </blockquote>
Satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentrations for Lake Mulargia (Sardinia, Italy) using Mixture Density Networks and Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 imagery
<p>This dataset contains satellite-derived chlorophyll-a data of Lake Mulargia (Sardinia, Italy) for the period 29 Mar. 2013 - 31 Jan. 2021. Chlorophyll-a concentrations have been calculated using Mixture Density Networks and Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 imagery.</p> <p>Mixture Density Networks are a class of neural networks that tackle the inverse problem by modelling the multimodal distribution of target variables using a mixture of Gaussians. For more information, please refer to the following:</p> <ul> <li>Pahlevan, N., Smith, B., Alikas, K., Anstee, J., et al. (2022). Simultaneous retrieval of selected optical water quality indicators from Landsat-8, Sentinel-2, and Sentinel-3. <em>Remote Sensing of Environment, 270</em>, 112860</li> <li>Smith, B., Pahlevan, N., Schalles, J., et al. (2021). A Chlorophyll-a Algorithm for Landsat-8 Based on Mixture Density Networks. <em>Frontiers in Remote Sensing, 1</em></li> <li>Pahlevan, N., Smith, B., Schalles, J., et al. (2020). Seamless retrievals of chlorophyll-a from Sentinel-2 (MSI) and Sentinel-3 (OLCI) in inland and coastal waters: A machine-learning approach. <em>Remote Sensing of Environment, 240</em>, 111604</li> </ul>
Supplementary Files - Transcriptomic analysis of CPM-positive hiPSCs-derived liver progenitor cells in a microfluidic device shows zonation-like patterns.
<p>Supplementary Files for the paper intitled Transcriptomic analysis of CPM-positive hiPSCs-derived liver progenitor cells in a microfluidic device shows zonation-like patterns. </p>
Data from: IFN-γ-independent control of M. tuberculosis requires CD4 T cell-derived GM-CSF and activation of HIF-1α
<p><strong>RNA sequencing dataset from "Van Dis et al., IFN-γ-independent control of M. tuberculosis requires CD4 T cell-derived GM-CSF and activation of HIF-1α. 2022"</strong></p> <p>The prevailing model of protective immunity to tuberculosis is that CD4 T cells produce the cytokine IFN-γ to activate bactericidal mechanisms in infected macrophages. Although IFN-γ-independent CD4 T cell based control of <em>M. tuberculosis</em> infection has been demonstrated <em>in vivo</em> it is unclear whether CD4 T cells are capable of directly activating macrophages to control infection in the absence of IFN-γ. We developed a co-culture model using CD4 T cells isolated from the lungs of infected mice and <em>M. tuberculosis</em>-infected murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to investigate mechanisms of CD4 dependent control of infection. This dataset represents RNA sequencing data from M. tuberculosis-infected wild-type and <em>Ifngr-/- </em>murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) after 24 hours of lung CD4 T cell co-culture.</p> <p>CD4 T cells induced differential regulation of 1825 genes in wild-type BMDMs and 1142 genes in <em>Ifngr-/-</em> BMDMs compared to untreated. Although wild-type and <em>Ifngr-/-</em> BMDMs infected with <em>M. tuberculosis</em> were transcriptionally very similar prior to activation, the transcriptome of these genotypes of macrophages diverged after CD4 T cell co-culture. This is likely due in part to the presence or absence of IFN-γ signaling as IFN-γ alone regulates the expression of >2500 genes during <em>M. tuberculosis</em> infection. Still, 769 genes were altered in an IFN-γ-independent manner, with >2-fold upregulation in both wild-type and <em>Ifngr-/- </em>BMDMs. We found no difference in macrophage polarization between untreated M. tuberculosis-infected wild-type and <em>Ifngr-/-</em> BMDMs, and no significant increase in the expression of genes associated with M2 macrophages after CD4 T cell co-culture in either genotype. However, there was significant upregulation of genes associated with M1 macrophages after CD4 T cell co-culture in both genotypes, with wild-type BMDMs slightly more polarized. Collectively, these results show comparable patterns of activation in wild-type and <em>Ifngr-/-</em> macrophage during CD4 T cell co-culture, indicating that CD4 T cells elicit significant polarizing, inflammatory and antimicrobial effects in <em>M. tuberculosis</em>-infected macrophages irrespective of IFN-γ signaling.</p>
Comparison of mosquitoes and fly derived DNA as a tool for sampling vertebrate biodiversity in suburban forests in Berlin, Germany
<p><span>The use of invertebrate-derived DNA (iDNA) is a promising non-invasive tool to monitor wildlife. While most studies have been carried out in dense tropical and sub-tropical forests and have focused on the use of a single category of invertebrates, this study compares the use of flies- and mosquito-derived DNA to assess vertebrate diversity in semi-urban environments. We conducted our sampling in four different forest plots in Berlin, Germany. Pools of flies and non-bloodfed mosquitoes were metabarcoded using 108 bp vertebrate-specific 12S rRNA (12S-V5) and 94 bp mammal-specific 16S rRNA (16Smam) mitochondrial markers, and individual bloodfed mosquitoes were sequenced using the 340 bp vertebrate-specific 12S rRNA fragment (Mam-12S-340). From the fly pools, we detected 10 mammal species using 16Smam, while 12S-V5 detected four bird, two amphibian and six mammal species. From the non-bloodfed mosquito pools, we only amplified putative contaminant DNA, indicating that mosquito females without visual signs of a blood meal carry no traces of vertebrate DNA. Finally, in the bloodfed mosquitoes, we identified four mammal and one bird species. Focusing on mammal species, we did not find significant differences in the proportion of species detected regarding the total available number of species between sampling localities. Fly samples were easier to obtain and more abundant over the sampled localities compared to mosquito samples. We conclude that, while there are a few advantages in using mosquito blood meals, the use of flies in the detection of wildlife in a suburban environment is more effective in terms of collection of samples and detection of vertebrates, although this technique is limited to few mammal species in the urban environment. </span></p>
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs in an Italian cohort of individuals with obesity: a key to explain the link between depression and atherothrombosis.
<p>This record contains raw data related to the article “Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Extracellular Vesicle-Derived miRNAs in an Italian Cohort of Individuals With Obesity: A Key to Explain the Link Between Depression and Atherothrombosis” </p> <p><em><strong>Abstract: </strong></em></p> <p><strong>Background</strong>: Obesity and depression are intertwined diseases often associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), altered in the brain both of subjects with depression and obesity, provides a potential link between depression and thrombosis. Since the relationship among peripheral BDNF, depression and obesity is not well-defined, the aim of the present report has been to address this issue taking advantage of the contribution played by extracellular vesicle (EV)-derived miRNAs. <strong>Research Process</strong>: Associations among circulating BDNF, depression and EVderived miRNAs related to atherothrombosis have been evaluated in a large Italian cohort of obese individuals (n = 743), characterized by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) score.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: BDI-II was negatively associated with BDNF levels without a significant impact of the rs6265 BDNF polymorphism; this association was modified by raised levels of IFN-g. BDNF levels were linked to an increase of 80 EV-derived miRNAs and a decrease of 59 miRNAs related to atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Network analysis identified at least 18 genes targeted by these miRNAs, 7 of which involved in depression and CV<br> risk. The observation of a possible link among BDNF, depression, and miRNAs related to atherothrombosis and depression in obesity is novel and may lead to a wider use of BDNF as a CV risk biomarker in this specific subject group.</p>
Seeing shapes in clouds: the fallacy of deriving ecological hypotheses from statistical distributions
<p>The explanations behind observations of global patterning in species diversity pre-date the field of ecology itself. The generation of new species-area theories, in particular, far outpaces their falsification, resulting in a centuries-old accumulation in species diversity theories. We use historical assessment and new data analysis to argue that one of the earliest recognized and most consistent patterns in species diversity is not strictly an ecological phenomenon and, when ecological mechanism is invoked, the range of potential mechanisms is too numerous for tractable hypothesis falsification. We provide a historical parallel in that the normal distribution once was treated as a pattern assuming a biological mechanism rather than a statistical distribution that can be generated by biological and non-biological forces. Similarly, power law distributions are ubiquitous in aggregated data, such as the species-area relationship. That nearly identical broad-scale aggregation patterns are observed for both ecological and non-ecological data as a function of area suggest that these broad-scale patterns reflect a statistical distribution that, in itself, cannot be used to discern between or among ecological and non-ecological mechanisms. We argue that by seeking processes in such a ubiquitous pattern, ecologists may read ecological mechanism into statistical patterns, and we suggest that falsifying broad-scale diversity distribution hypotheses should be a greater priority than generating or parameterizing new ones.</p>
Mammal mitogenomics from invertebrate-derived DNA (iDNA)
<p>Mitogenomic capture of Non-human Primates from invertebrate derived DNA using hybridisation capture. </p> <p>Files are in fastq format and sequenced with illumina Mi-Seq using the Mi-Seq Reagent Kit v3 (2 x 250bp; illumina) .</p>
Phylogenomics shows unique traits in Noctilucales are derived rather than ancestral
<p><span>Dinoflagellates are a diverse group of protists that possess many unique traits. These include (but are not limited to) expansive genomes packaged into permanently condensed chromosomes, photosynthetic or cryptic plastids acquired vertically or horizontally in serial endosymbioses, and a ruffle-like transverse flagellum attached along its length to the cell. When reconstructing </span><span>character evolution, early branching lineages with unusual features that distinguish them from the rest of the group have proven useful for inferring ancestral states. The Noctilucales are one such lineage, possessing relaxed chromosomes in some life stages and a trailing, thread-like transverse flagellum. However, most of the cellular and molecular data for the entire group come from a single cultured species, </span><em><span>Noctiluca scintillans</span></em><span>, and because its phylogenetic position is unresolved, it remains unclear if these traits are ancestral or derived. Here, we use single cell transcriptomics to characterize three diverse</span><span> Noctilucales genera: </span><em><span>Spatulodinium</span></em><span>, <em>Kofoidinium</em>, and a new lineage, <em>Fabadinium</em> gen. nov. We also provide transcriptomes for undescribed species in <em>Amphidinium</em></span><span> and Abediniales</span><span>, critical taxa for clarifying the phylogenetic position of </span><span>Noctilucales</span><span>. Phylogenomic analyses suggest that the Noctilucales are sister to <em>Amphidinium</em> rather than an independent branch outside the core dinoflagellates. This topology is consistent with observations of shared characteristics between some members of Noctilucales and <em>Amphidinium</em> and provides the most compelling evidence to date that the unusual traits within this group are derived rather than ancestral. We also confirm that <em>Spatulodinium</em> </span><span>plastids are photosynthetic and of ancestral origin</span><span>, and show that all non-photosynthetic Noctilucales retain plastid </span><span>genes</span><span> indicating a cryptic organelle.</span></p>
Gas, erosion, runoff and soil data and metadata derived from Diverfarming project
<p>Gas, erosion, runoff and soil data and metadata of the different cases studies and long terms from WP5 "Environmental impact and delivery of ecosystem services by crop diversification", derived from H2020 Diverfarming project. This workpackage has been designed to provide sound and robust scientific understanding of the benefits and drawbacks of the tailored diversified cropping systems for improvement of the environmental quality and delivery of ecosystem services in each pedoclimatic region. http://www.diverfarming.eu.</p>
Data and metadata of soil microbial community structure, enzyme activities, functional genes and earthworms derived from H2020 Diverfarming project
<p>Soil data and metadata of soil microbial community structure, enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, leucine-aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase and arylsusfatase activities), N functional genes and earthworms from the different cases studies and long terms from WP4 "Impact of crop diversification on biodiversity", derived from H2020 Diverfarming project. The main objective of workpackage is to provide a scientific understanding of the link between diversified cropping systems, above- and belowground biodiversity, and the resulting ecosystem services provided by soil microorganisms, soil invertebrates and vegetation in agro-ecosystems. Soil organisms contribute to all biogeochemical cycles, Soil organic matter mineralization and stabilization, shape soil structure and have associations with plant species promoting growth and development. http://www.diverfarming.eu.</p>
Data and metadata of crop yield and quality derived from H2020 Diverfarming project
<p>Data and metadata of crop yield and quality from different cases studies and long terms from WP3 "Crop production and quality", derived from H2020 Diverfarming project. This workpackage provides robust and sound data about how diversified cropping systems with low-input practices and efficient use of resources have positive effects on crop production and quality, and so, farm yields and economic revenues for farmers is increased. This can increase trading productivity with high quality outputs, so improving the competitiveness of European agriculture in the global market. http://www.diverfarming.eu.</p>
Discrete fire events, their severity, and their ignitions, as derived from MODIS MCD 14ML active-fire detection data for Indonesia, 2002-2019
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>1. PUBLICATION CORRESPONDING TO THESE DATA</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Sloan, Sean*; Locatelli, Bruno; Andela, Niels; Cattau, Megan E.; Gaveau, David; Tacconi, Luca. 2022 'Declining Severe Fire Activity on Managed Lands in Equatorial Asia'. <em>Communications Earth & Environment</em>. DOI: 10.1038/s43247-022-00522-6.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>*Corresponding author email: sean.sloan@viu.ca</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>2. ABSTRACT OF THE DATA</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The GIS data and corresponding attribute data described here pertain to discrete fire events, their severity, and their ignitions, as derived on the basis of daily MODIS Collection 6 MCD14ML active-fire detections (AFDs). Data on fire events and their ignitions are provided separately, as two data files. These data files on fire events and ignitions may however be linked to each other by the data user. Fire-event severity is quantified per fire event and reported in the data file for fire events.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>A fire event is a cluster of MODIS Collection 6 MCD14ML active-fire detections (AFDs) wherein each AFD has a spatial (<=1-km) and temporal (<=4-day) proximity to another AFD in the same fire event, inferring thus a relational co-occurrence amongst AFDs in time and space. In other words, a fire event is considered a likely occasion of burning wherein all constituent AFDs are related to each other in time and space, either directly (as for proximate AFDs) or indirectly (as in the case of a large area of fire activity that spread progressively over time and space from an initial source). </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Each fire event has a designated ignition AFD, being the AFD of the fire event with the earliest detection date. A given fire event can have more than one ignition AFD if the ignitions all share same earliest detection date. The ignition AFD(s) is the nominal initial source of the burning described by the corresponding fire event. All other, non-ignition AFDs of a fire event are deemed its 'propagation' AFDs, since these AFDs follow from the ignitions, temporally and spatially.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>See Figure 4 in the publication by Sloan et al. for an illustration of the geography of fire events and their ignition AFDs. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire events and their ignitions were derived from standard science-quality MODIS Collection 6 MCD 14ML AFD data, commonly referred to as fire 'hotspot' data. Data were detected by both the Terra and Aqua satellite sensors daily for Indonesia between July 2002 and December 2019. Information on these input data are provide by the two citations below. The publication of Sloan et al. provides methodological details on how the MODIS Collection 6 MCD 14ML AFD data were processed into discrete fire events and ignitions. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>EarthData. MODIS Collection 6 Active-Fire Detections standard scientific data (MCD14ML), NASA EarthData, https://earthdata.nasa.gov/firms (2019).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Giglio, L., Schroeder, W. & Justice, C. O. The Collection 6 MODIS active fire detection algorithm and fire products. <em>Remote Sensing of Environment</em> 178, 31-41, (2016).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>3. DATA FILES</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Two data files are distributed here – one for discrete fire events, and another for the ignition AFDs of each fire event. The data files are provided in a GIS-compatible format, and also as a generic text format, as described below.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>3.1 GIS VERSION</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Data files in GIS-compatible format are provided as 'feature classes' within an ArcGIS file geodatabase 'Sloan_MODIS_FireEvents_Ignitions_2002_2019.gdb'. These data files can be viewed and manipulated using either ArcGIS Desktop or ArcGIS Pro software. There is one feature class for fire events, and another file for ignitions.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span>Sloan_MODIS_FireEvents_Ignitions_2002_2019.gdb\nfire4_all_spatial_fire_2002_2019_joins_sp_LC</span></u></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>This file pertains to fire events. All AFDs of a given fire event are included, without differentiation as to whether the AFDs are ignition AFDs or other (propagation) AFDs. Fire events are assigned unique ID values and basic attribute data.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><u><span>Sloan_MODIS_FireEvents_Ignitions_2002_2019.gdb\nfire4_all_spatial_fire_2002_2019_igs_sp_LC</span></u></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>This file pertains to ignitions. Only ignition AFDs are included for a given fire event. Fire events corresponding to the ignitions are assigned unique ID values and basic attribute data.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>3.2 CSV TEXT VERSION</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Both data files are also supplied as comma-separated value (CSV) text files for viewing and manipulation in non-GIS software, such as Excel, text editors, or any statistical software. The text files can also be read into various GIS software. CSV-formatted files have the same file name and attribute fields as the corresponding GIS-formatted data files. These CSV-formatted data files (as well as the GIS-formatted data files) include attribute data on the latitude and the longitude of each AFD. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Attribute field names are included as the first row of values in a CSV file. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>No 'text qualifiers' like quotations (" ") or inverted commas ('') are used to designate text/string values within the CSV file. Text values appear directly between commas in the CSV data file, e.g., …,Kalimantan_Southern,… .</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Note two points of caution for working with these CSV data:</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span>i)<span> </span></span><span>Microsoft Excel may be used for a partial view of the data file nfire4_all_spatial_fire_2002_2019_joins_sp_LC.csv, but it is not recommended for working with this data file. This is because the number of records/rows in this csv file slightly exceeds that maximum that may be read by Excel, which is just over 1 million. This limitation does not apply to the other csv file, however.</span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast"><span>ii)<span> </span></span><span>The GIS-formatted data files employ 'null values' in their attribute tables, and so the corresponding 'values' in the CSV-formatted data files are similarly null. For null values, no value whatsoever is ascribed, not even 0. In the syntax of a CSV file (apparent upon opening the file in any text editor like Microsoft Notepad), a null value is denoted by two consecutive commas without any value, text, or space between them. If a CSV file were opened in Excel, a cell assigned a null value would be blank, not 0 or otherwise. This denotes the correct transcription of the GIS-formatted data. This feature will not impede the correct reading of these CSV data by whatever software. Users are made aware of this feature merely to ensure the proper input of these data into whatever software.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>4. DATA STRUCTURE / GEOGRAPHY</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The GIS-formatted data files are 'point data', i.e., they map the geography of AFDs as individual 'points', in keeping with how these MODIS MCD14ML AFD data were originally structured. For the GIS-formatted data files, each record/row in its corresponding attribute tables corresponds <em>geographically</em> to single AFD 'point', regardless of whether that AFD belongs to a fire event comprised of many AFDs. In the parlance of GIS files, the files depict 'single-part' point features. The unique ID field [nfireID2] serves to denote the fire event to which a given AFD belongs.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Similarly, for the CSV-formatted data files, each record/row of values corresponds to a single AFD.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>There are 1,232,377 records for the data file 'nfire4_all_spatial_fire_2002_2019_joins_sp_LC'.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>There are 720795 records for the data file 'nfire4_all_spatial_fire_2002_2019_igs_sp_LC'.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>5. ATTRIBUTE FIELDS</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>In the data files, while some attribute fields pertain to the individual AFD as the unit of observation (e.g., the land-cover class coincident with the AFD), other attribute fields correspond to the larger 'fire event' to which the individual AFD belongs (e.g., the total duration of fire activity for the fire event). Accordingly, for certain attribute fields pertaining to the fire event as a whole, their values will appear 'duplicated' in the data file amongst those individual AFDs (records) that constitute the fire event in question. Whether a given attribute field pertains to the individual AFD or to its constituent fire event is denoted below for each field. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Each AFD is assigned a unique ID field denoting its constituent fire event, [nfireID2]. This field is consistent between both data files, so that attribute data for a given fire event may be 'matched' to attribute data for its corresponding ignition AFD(s), and vice versa, on the basis of the common value of the field [nfireID2].</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Note that many attributes below are as originally defined/measured by the input MCD 14ML data, or are derived directly thereof. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>5.1 DATASET nfire4_all_spatial_fire_2002_2019_joins_sp_LC</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <table class="MsoTableGrid"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Field Name</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Geography of Attribute Value</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Definition</span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>OID</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Object ID value. Unique values for each AFD (record) in the GIS-formatted data file when viewed in ArcGIS. Field values are -1 in the CSV-formatted data file.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Peat</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Denotes whether the AFD occurs on peatlands (value=1) as defined in Sloan et al.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MIN_CONFIDE</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The minimum detection confidence of all AFDs in the fire event, where confidence ranges from 1-100%. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MAX_CONFIDE</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The maximum detection confidence of all AFDs in the fire event, where confidence ranges from 1-100%. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MEAN_CONFIDE</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The mean detection confidence of all AFDs in the fire event, where confidence ranges from 1-100%. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>STD_CONFIDE</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The standard deviation of detection confidence of all AFDs in the fire event, where confidence ranges from 1-100%. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>SUM_FRP</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The sum total of all fire-radiative power (FRP) measures for all AFDs in the fire event. Units are megawatts. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MEAN_FRP</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The mean of all fire-radiative power (FRP) measures for all AFDs in the fire event. Units are megawatts. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MIN_FRP</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The minimum of all fire-radiative power (FRP) measures for all AFDs in the fire event. Units are megawatts. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MAX_FRP</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The maximum of all fire-radiative power (FRP) measures for all AFDs in the fire event. Units are megawatts. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MEAN_LATITUD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The mean latitude of all AFDs in the fire event. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MEAN_LONGITU</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The mean longitude of all AFDs in the fire event. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MIN_ACQ_DAT</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The minimum acquisition date of all AFDs in the fire event (i.e., the ignition AFD detection date). </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MAX_ACQ_DAT</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The maximum acquisition date of all AFDs in the fire event (i.e., the ignition AFD detection date). </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MIN_acq_yer</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The year in which the earliest AFD of the fire event was detected. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MIN_acq_mnt</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The month in which the earliest AFD of the fire event (i.e., ignition AFD) was detected. Months are coded numerically, e.g., 1=January, 12=December.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MAX_acq_mnt</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The month in which the latest AFD of the fire event was detected. Months are coded numerically, e.g., 1=January, 12=December.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MIN_yday</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The detection day of year of the earliest AFD of the fire event, i.e., ignition AFD. Day of year is denoted numerically, where 1=January 1 and 365=December 31.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MAX_yday</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The detection day of year of the latest AFD of the fire event, i.e., ignition AFD. Day of year is denoted numerically, where 1=January 1 and 365=December 31.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>RANGE_yday</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The number of days of duration of the fire event, defined as [MAX_yday]-[MIN_yday]</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>FIRST_subst_r</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Text labels denoting the Indonesian island/region of data processing, e.g., Kalimantan, Papua.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AF_Count</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Number of AFDs in the fire event.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>nfireID2</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The unique ID of the fire event to which the AFD belongs.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Island</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Numerical values coding for major Indonesian islands/region: 1000000=Sumatra; 2000000=Kalimantan; 3000000=Sulawesi; 4000000=Papua.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>FRP_Days</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The severity of the fire event, as defined by Sloan et al., equal to [Sum_FRP] * ([Range_yday]+1).</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>IG_Count</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Number of ignition AFDs in the fire event</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2002</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The land-cover class coincident with the AFD. The class is coded by a numerical value as per the left-most column in the table in Section 5.3. The class is that observed for the calendar year in which the AFD occurred, where the year #### is denoted in the field name 'CCI_LC####'. The land-cover data source is as described in Section 5.3.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2003</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2004</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2005</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2006</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2007</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2008</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2009</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2010</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2011</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2012</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2013</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2014</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2015</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2016</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2017</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2018</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2019</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Region</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Text labels denote whether the AFD occurs within one of the two focal regions of Sloan et al.: Southern Kalimantan, or Central South Sumatra. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>POINT_X</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Longitude, given as decimal degrees with WGS84 datum.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>POINT_Y</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Latitude, given as decimal degrees with WGS84 datum.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>POINT_Z</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>--</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Ignore.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>POINT_M</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>--</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Ignore.</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>5.2 DATASET nfire4_all_spatial_fire_2002_2019_igs_sp_LC</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <table class="MsoTableGrid"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Field Name</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Geography of Attribute Value</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Definition</span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>OID</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Object ID value. Unique values for each AFD (record) in the GIS-formatted data file when viewed in ArcGIS. Field values are -1 in the CSV-formatted data file.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>IG_Count</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Number of ignition AFDs in the fire event.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MIN_acq_yer</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The year in which the earliest AFD of the fire event was detected. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MIN_acq_mnt</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The month in which the earliest AFD of the fire event (i.e., ignition AFD) was detected. Months are coded numerically, e.g., 1=January, 12=December.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>FIRST_subst_r</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Text labels denoting the Indonesian island/region of data processing, e.g., Kalimantan, Papua.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>MIN_yday</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The detection day of year of the earliest AFD of the fire event, i.e., ignition AFD. Day of year is denoted numerically, where 1=January 1 and 365=December 31.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>nfireID2</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Fire Event</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The unique ID of the fire event to which the AFD belongs.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2002</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>The land-cover class coincident with the AFD. The class is coded by a numerical value as per the left-most column in the table in Section 5.3. The class is that observed for the calendar year in which the AFD occurred, where the year #### is denoted in the field name 'CCI_LC####'. The land-cover data source is as described in Section 5.3.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2003</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2004</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2005</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2006</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2007</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2008</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2009</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2010</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2011</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2012</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2013</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2014</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2015</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2016</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2017</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2018</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>CCI_LC2019</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Region</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Text labels denote whether the AFD occurs within one of the two focal regions of Sloan et al.: Southern Kalimantan, or Central South Sumatra. </span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Peat</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Denotes whether the AFD occurs on peatlands (value=1) as defined in Sloan et al.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>POINT_X</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Longitude, given as decimal degrees with WGS84 datum.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>POINT_Y</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>AFD</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Latitude, given as decimal degrees with WGS84 datum.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>POINT_Z</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>--</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Ignore.</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>POINT_M</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>--</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Ignore.</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>5.3. LAND-COVER ATTRIBUTE DATA</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>As noted in Section 5.1 and Section 5.2, the nominal values of the attribute fields 'CCI_LC####' correspond to column 1 of the table below. These hierarchical values, and their corresponding land-cover classes labels in column 2 of the table, pertain to the land-cover classification of the Copernicus Climate Change Initiative Land-Cover Product of the European Space Agency. This classification has an annual temporal resolution and 300-meter spatial resolution. Pertinent citations for these land-cover data are below:</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>ESA. Annual land-cover product, 1992 to 2019/present, based on MERIS 300-m and ancillary SPOT, AVHRR, Sentinel-3 and PROB-V satellite data. European Space Agency (ESA) European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMFW) Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Change Initiative (CCI), </span><span><a href="https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/satellite-land-cover?tab=overview"><span>https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/satellite-land-cover?tab=overview</span></a></span><span>; </span><span><a href="http://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/download.php"><span>http://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/download.php</span></a></span><span>; </span><span><a href="http://www.esa-landcover-cci.org/"><span>http://www.esa-landcover-cci.org/</span></a></span><span> (2020).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Pérez-Hoyos, A., Rembold, F., Kerdiles, H. & Gallego, J. Comparison of global land cover datasets for cropland monitoring. <em>Remote Sensing</em> 9, (2017).</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Columns 3 and 4 in the table below illustrate how the original land-cover classes of the Copernicus Climate Change Initiative Land-Cover Product were reclassified for analysis in Sloan et al. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><em><span> </span></em></p> <table class="MsoNormalTable"> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><strong><span>1. CCI-LC Class Value</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><strong><span>2. CCI-LC Class Label</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><strong><span>3. New Class Value for Sloan et al.</span></strong></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><strong><span>4. New Class Label for Sloan et al.</span></strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>0</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>No Data</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>0</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>No Data</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>10</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Cropland, rainfed</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>1</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Cleared/Cultivated</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>11</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Herbaceous cover</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>1</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Cleared/Cultivated</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>12</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree or shrub cover</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>1</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Cleared/Cultivated</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>20</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Cropland, irrigated or post‐flooding</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>1</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Cleared/Cultivated</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>30</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Mosaic cropland (>50%) / natural vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<50%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>2</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Mosaic Cropland</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>40</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Mosaic natural vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (>50%) / cropland (<50%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>3</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Mosaic Natural Veg</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>50</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, broadleaved, evergreen, closed to open (>15%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>60</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>61</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed (>40%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>62</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, broadleaved, deciduous, open (15‐40%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>70</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, closed to open (>15%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>71</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, closed (>40%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>72</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, needleleaved, evergreen, open (15‐40%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>80</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, closed to open (>15%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>81</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, closed (>40%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>82</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, needleleaved, deciduous, open (15‐40%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>90</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, mixed leaf type (broadleaved and needleleaved)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>4</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Forest</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>100</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Mosaic tree and shrub (>50%) / herbaceous cover (<50%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>5</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Mosaic Shrubland</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>110</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Mosaic herbaceous cover (>50%) / tree and shrub (<50%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>5</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Mosaic Shrubland</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>120</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Shrubland</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>6</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Low/Sparse Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>121</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Evergreen shrubland</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>6</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Low/Sparse Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>122</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Deciduous shrubland</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>6</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Low/Sparse Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>130</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Grassland</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>6</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Low/Sparse Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>140</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Lichens and mosses</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>6</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Low/Sparse Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>150</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Sparse vegetation (tree, shrub, herbaceous cover) (<15%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>6</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Low/Sparse Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>151</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Sparse tree (<15%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>6</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Low/Sparse Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>152</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Sparse shrub (<15%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>6</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Low/Sparse Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>153</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Sparse herbaceous cover (<15%)</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>6</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Low/Sparse Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>160</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, flooded, fresh or brakish water</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>7</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Flooded Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>170</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Tree cover, flooded, saline water</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>7</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Flooded Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>180</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Shrub or herbaceous cover, flooded, fresh/saline/brakish water</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>7</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Flooded Vegetation</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>190</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Urban areas</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>8</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Other</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>200</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Bare areas</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>8</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Other</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>201</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Consolidated bare areas</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>8</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Other</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>202</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Unconsolidated bare areas</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>8</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Other</span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>210</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Water bodies</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>8</span></p> </td> <td> <p class="TableParagraph"><span>Other</span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Data for: Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 spike antigens derived from Beta & Delta variants of concern
<p>Using our strongly immunogenic SmT1 SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen platform, we developed novel antigens based on the Beta & Delta variants of concern. These antigens elicited higher neutralizing antibody activity to the corresponding variant than comparable vaccine formulations based on the original reference strain, while a multivalent vaccine generated cross-neutralizing activity to all three variants. This suggests that while current vaccines may be effective at reducing severe disease to existing variants of concern, variant-specific antigens, whether in a mono- or multivalent vaccine, may be required to induce optimal immune responses and reduce infection against arising variants.</p>
Species occurrence data for Colorado restoration project (derived dataset from GBIF)
<p>GBIF species occurrence data downloaded for 53 species included a restoration project. The data have been cleaned to remove incorrect and imprecise coordinates, as well as records older than 1950. </p>
"Efficacy of Plant-derived Fungicides at Inhibiting Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans Growth" Dataset and Code
<p>The emerging fungal amphibian pathogen, <em>Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans </em>(<em>Bsal</em>), is currently spreading across Europe and given its estimated invasion potential, has the capacity to decimate salamander populations worldwide. Fungicides are a promising <em>in situ </em>management strategy for <em>Bsal</em> due to their ability to treat the environment and infected individuals. However, antifungal drugs or pesticides could adversely affect the environment and non-target hosts, thus identifying safe, effective candidate fungicides for <em>in situ </em>treatment is needed. Here, we estimated the inhibitory fungicidal efficacy of five plant-derived fungicides (thymol, curcumin, allicin, 6-gingerol, and Pond Pimafix®) and one chemical fungicide (Virkon® Aquatic) against <em>Bsal </em>zoospores <em>in vitro</em>. We used a broth microdilution method in 48-well plates to test the efficacy of six concentrations per fungicide on <em>Bsal </em>zoospore viability. Following plate incubation, we performed cell viability assays and agar plate growth trials to estimate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of each fungicide. All six fungicides exhibited inhibitory and fungicidal effects against <em>Bsal </em>growth, with estimated MIC concentrations ranging from 60 to 0.156 μg/mL for the different compounds. Allicin showed the greatest efficacy (i.e., lowest MIC and MFC) against<em> Bsal </em>zoospores followed by curcumin, Pond Pimafix®, thymol, 6-gingerol, and Virkon® Aquatic, respectively. Our results provide evidence that plant-derived fungicides are effective at inhibiting and killing <em>Bsal </em>zoospores <em>in vitro </em>and may be useful for <em>in situ </em>treatment. Additional studies are needed to estimate the efficacy of these fungicides at inactivating <em>Bsal</em> in the environment and treating <em>Bsal</em>-infected amphibians.</p>
Proteomic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii ME49 derived strains resistant to the artemisinin derivatives artemiside and artemisone
<p>Full datasets of proteomes of artemisone (GC003) and artemiside (GC008) resistant T. gondii Me49 strains.</p> <p>Paper submitted to International Journal of Parasitology-Drugs and Drug Resistance</p> <p>Differential proteomic analysis of the artemisone (GC003<sup>R</sup>) and artemiside (GC008<sup>R</sup>) resistant strains versus their corresponding <em>T. gondii</em> ME49 wildtype yielded 3977 unique peptides matching to 733 <em>T. gondii</em> proteins. The complete dataset is available as supplemental Table S1. A more detailed analysis revealed that 215 proteins were significantly downregulated in GC003R and 8 proteins in GC008R as compared to their wildtype ME49. Two proteins were downregulated in both strains. No proteins were upregulated in the resistant strains as compared to their corresponding wildtype. The complete list of the differentials is given as supplemental Table S2. </p>
CLDF Dataset derived from D-PLACE
<p><strong>This dataset contains the data from D-PLACE, the Database of Places, Language, Culture and Environment, serialized as CLDF Structure Dataset.</strong></p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.