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opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Correlation between halo properties and dark matter

Pearson correlation coefficients between halo properties (panel a), the local dark matter density with halo virial mass (panel b) and velocity dispersion (panel c), measured in bins of local density for different cosmic-web types, as obtained from the SLICS reference simulation. The error bars denote the standard deviation obtained from the set of catalogs

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Distribution of halo properties

Joint probability B(x, δdm) distribution of halo properties x (number counts, virial mass and velocity dispersion) and the underlying dark matter density, interpolated on a 1923 mesh using a CIC mass assignment scheme and for different cosmic-web environments. Solid lines (and coloured regions) denote contours enclosing 98 and 68% of the total number of cells in a reference SLICS simulation. Dotted lines represent the same quantity obtained from one BAM halo catalog.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

Dataset: Tailoring the Magnetic and Structural Properties of Manganese/Zinc Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles through Microwaves-Assisted Polyol Synthesis

Data set

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Biomass properties and gasification results dataset

<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/661bf17f-cae6-4a74-91de-f40a8f01089f/data_GASIF_biomass.csv?versionId=712c0858-2539-4d91-a9f9-9f1453dc36d4">data_GASIF_biomass.csv</a> contains data on biomass properties, gasification conditions, and results of the gasification process; <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/661bf17f-cae6-4a74-91de-f40a8f01089f/data_NEW_biomasses.csv?versionId=3f473332-916c-424b-aa54-4e11f6ad4b81">data_NEW_biomasses.csv</a> contains data on the properties of different biomasses

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Relating hydro-mechanical and elastodynamic properties of dynamically-stressed tensile-fractured rock in relation to fracture aperture and contact area

We exploit nonlinear elastodynamic properties of fractured rock to probe the micro-scale mechanics of fractures and understand the relation between fluid transport and fracture aperture and area, stiffness proxy, under dynamic stressing. Experiments are conducted on rough, tensile-fractured Westerly granite specimen subject to triaxial stresses. Fracture permeability is measured from steady-state fluid flow with deionized water. Pore pressure oscillations are applied at amplitudes ranging from 0.2 to 1~MPa at 1~Hz frequency. During dynamic stressing we transmit acoustic signals through the fracture using an array of piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) to monitor the evolution of fracture interface properties. We examine the influence of fracture aperture and contact area by conducting measurements at effective normal stresses of 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5, and 20~MPa. Additionally, the evolution of contact area with stress is characterized using pressure sensitive film. These experiments are conducted separately with the same fracture and they map contact area at stresses from 9 to 21~MPa. The resulting `true' area of contact measurements made for the entire fracture surface and within the calculated PZT sensor footprints, numerical modeling of Fresnel zone. We compare the elastodynamic response of the the fracture using the stress-induced changes ultrasonic wave velocities for a range of transmitter-receiver pairs to image spatial variations in contact properties, which is informed by fracture contact area measurements. These measurements of the nonlinear elasticity are related to the fluid-flow, permeability, in response to dynamic stressing and similar comparisons are made for the slow-dynamics, recovery, of the fracture interface following the stress perturbations.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

[Dataset] Lattice Metamaterials with Mesoscale Motifs: Exploration of Property Charts by Bayesian Optimisation

[Dataset] Lattice Metamaterials with Mesoscale Motifs: Exploration of Property Charts by Bayesian Optimisation Roman Kulagin*, Patrick Reiser, Kyryl Truskovskyi, Arnd Koeppe, Yan Beygelzimer, Yuri Estrin, Pascal Friederich, Peter Gumbsch [*] Dr. R. Kulagin, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany. E-Mail: roman.kulagin@kit.edu Dr. Patrick Reiser, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; Institute of Theoretical Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 8, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Kyryl Truskovskyi, Georgian, Toronto, Canada Dr. Arnd Koeppe, Institute for Applied Materials (IAM-MMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Straße am Forum 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Prof. Pascal Friederich, Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; Institute of Theoretical Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 8, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. Prof. Y. Beygelzimer, Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering named after A.A. Galkin, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Nauki ave., 46, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine. Prof. Y. Estrin, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, 22 Alliance Lane, Clayton 3800, Australia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia. Prof. P. Gumbsch, Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Straße am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials, Freiburg, Wöhlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg, Germany. Part of the work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) through the POLiS Cluster of Excellence (grant no. UP 33/1) under project ID 390874152 and by the Helmholtz association under the KNMFi program (grant no. 43.31.01).

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

Dataset to analyze the psychometric and structural properties of a scale designed to measure attitudes to integrated flood risk management

The content of this reference includes the dataset generated by means of a questionnaire survey to a representative sample (N=406) of a city of Zamora (Spain). It contains 39 columns (c) which represents the following variables: Flooding area (c1); Flood risk perception (c2 to c7); Attitudes toward flood mitigation measures (c8 to c22); Perceived efficiency of general flood mitigation measures (c23 to c28); Assessment of the adequacy of overall flood risk management in the city and neighborhood (c29 to c30); Safety, environment, and economy preferences in flood risk management (c31 to c33); Postal code (c34); Age (c35); Age intervals (c36); sex (c37); Factorial saved loadings (c38 to c39).

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

The impact of secondary channels on the wetting properties of interconnected hydrophobic nanopores

Data from Molecular Dynamics simulations. Files ending in .xyz are trajectory files and relate to total or partical simulation trajectories. The normal sintax is eqX.xyz where X is the imposed filling of the main cavity.   Files ending in .dat are the "measurement" files and are the files required to compute the free energy from the simulation data. The normal sintax is eqX.dat where X is the imposed filling of the main cavity.   Files ending in .data are LAMMPS output files. The normal sintax is eqX.data where X is the imposed filling of the main cavity.  Other auxiliary files exist, but they are part of the analysis of the data and can be reconstructed with just the above mentioned files. The simulation data for specific configurations of the system is separated in different zipped files (either .tar.gz or .zip). 2A.tar.gz, 4A.tar.gz, 6A.tar.gz, 10.zip and 12.zip correspond to the configurations of lateral channels corresponding to 0.2, 0.4, 0.6,1 and 1.2 nm respectively. empty.zip and no.zip correspond to the configurations where the lateral channels where forcefully left empty (by evacuating the 6 lateral pores) and to the simple cylindrical pore with no lateral channels. all.zip, edges.zip and middle.zip correspond to the configurations of cavities with water molecules on all channel sites, only the external rings and in the middle ring, as described in the supplementary note 7.

Determined Material Properties within the framework of the NCN project (OPUS) No. 2021/41/B/ST8/00148

This file presents information on the determination of material properties, of the composite material undertaken for the study. The file presents both the data from which the material properties were determined and also summarises and averages the extracted data in tabular form. The data relates to the composite material manufactured for the NCN project (OPUS) No. 2021/41/B/ST8/00148.

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Data for: Fungal parasitism on diatoms alters formation and bio–physical properties of sinking aggregates: Particle analyses

Phytoplankton forms the base of aquatic food webs and element cycling in diverse aquatic systems. The fate of phytoplankton-derived organic matter, however, often remains unresolved as it is controlled by complex, interlinked remineralization and sedimentation processes. We here investigate a rarely considered control mechanism on sinking organic matter fluxes: fungal parasites infecting phytoplankton. We demonstrate that bacterial colonization was promoted 3.5-fold on fungal-infected phytoplankton cells in comparison to non-infected cells in a cultured model pathosystem (diatom Synedra, fungal microparasite Zygophlyctis, and co-growing bacteria), and even ≥17-fold in field-sampled populations (Planktothrix, Synedra, and Fragilaria). The Synedra–Zygophlyctis model system further revealed that fungal infections reduced the formation of aggregates. Moreover, carbon respiration was 2-fold higher and settling velocities 11–48% lower for similar-sized fungal-infected vs non-infected aggregates. Our data imply that parasites can effectively control the fate of phytoplankton-derived organic matter on a single-cell to single-aggregate scale, potentially enhancing remineralization and reducing sedimentation in freshwater and coastal systems.

Surfactant Proteins SP-B and SP-C in Pulmonary Surfactant Monolayers: Physical Properties Controlled by Specific Protein–Lipid Interactions - Simulation dataset

Simulation data related to the article: Liekkinen, J., Olzynska, A., Cwiklik, L., Bernardino de la Serna, J., Vattulainen, I., & Javanainen, M. Surfactant Proteins SP-B and SP-C in Pulmonary Surfactant Monolayers: Physical Properties Controlled by Specific Protein–Lipid Interactions. bioRxiv, pp.2022-12. (Pre-print available at https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.12.520108)   DPPC/POPC/POPG/CHL1 (60/20/10/10 mol-%) monolayers simulated in non-equilibrium conditions. The monolayer is compressed or expanded at a constant rate at different temperatures. Surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C are included in the monolayers for comparison. The Charmm36 lipid model [1] is used together with the 4-point OPC water model [2]. Each system consist of two monolayers with 169 lipids each. The monolayers are separated by a water slab, and surrounded by vacuum. All trajectories are simulated for 5000 ns with Gromacs 5.1.x [3] using the default Charmm36 monolayer simulations parameters given in the mdp file. Topology (.top) and index (.ndx) files are also included. The topologies (.itp) for the lipids can be obtained from Charmm-GUI and for the OPC water model from https://bioinformatics.cs.vt.edu/~izadi/ [1] DOI: 10.1021/jp101759q [2] DOI: 10.1021/jz501780a [3] DOI: 10.1016/j.softx.2015.06.001

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Preparation and tribological properties of multi-layer graphene/silicon dioxide composites-based solid lubricant coatings at elevated temperatures

The solid lubricating coatings have an important role in hot metal forming. However, traditional lubricants can't be applied to the harsh working conditions. In this investigation, the novel solid lubricant coatings including multi-layer graphene (MLG)/silicon dioxide (SiO2) composites and sodium metaphosphate phosphate were prepared. The high-temperature tribological properties of the solid lubricant coatings were investigated by friction and wear tester. The experimental results showed that SiO2 nanoparticles were evenly grafted by sol–gel method on the surface of MLG, forming MLG/SiO2 composites. MLG/SiO2 composites were presented excellent thermal stability at 800°C. In the range of 400–800°C, the average coefficient of frictions (COFs) were decreased from 0.3936 to 0.3663, and then increased from 0.3663 to 0.4226. Based on the analysis of wear scar, the lubrication mechanisms of the solid lubricating coatings were proposed. The low interlayer shear of MLG and the ball bearing of SiO2 nanoparticles are the main reason for the reduction of COFs. In addition, the tribo-chemical reaction film formed on the frictional interface could protect the contact surfaces from severe damages. The findings would be beneficial for developing novel lubricants for hot metal forming process.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Data from: No evidence for sex differences in the electrophysiological properties and excitatory synaptic input onto nucleus accumbens shell medium spiny neurons

Sex differences exist in how the brain regulates motivated behavior and reward, both in normal and pathological contexts. Investigations into the underlying neural mechanisms have targeted the striatal brain regions, including the dorsal striatum and nucleus accumbens core and shell. These investigations yield accumulating evidence of sexually different electrophysiological properties, excitatory synaptic input, and sensitivity to neuromodulator/hormone action in select striatal regions both before and after puberty. It is unknown whether the electrical properties of neurons in the nucleus accumbens shell differ by sex and whether sex differences in excitatory synaptic input are present before puberty. To test the hypothesis that these properties differ by sex, we performed whole-cell patch-clamp recordings on male and female medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in acute brain slices obtained from prepubertal rat nucleus accumbens shell. We analyzed passive and active electrophysiological properties, and miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs). No sex differences were detected; this includes those properties, such as intrinsic excitability, action potential after hyperpolarization, threshold, and mEPSC frequency, that have been found to differ by sex in other striatal regions and/or developmental periods. These findings indicate that, unlike other striatal brain regions, the electrophysiological properties of nucleus accumbens shell MSNs do not differ by sex. Overall, it appears that sex differences in striatal function, including motivated behavior and reward, are likely mediated by other factors and striatal regions.

Magnetic Properties of Lightning-Induced Glass Produced from Five Mineral Phases

The excel sheet contains raw and corrected vibrating sample magnetometry data of five igneous minerals (< 32 µm powders of albite, labradorite, augite, hornblende, and magnetite) before and after high-current impulse experiments conducted at peak currents of 25 and 40 kA.

Genova - Land and property value in proximity to NBS

Results of a questionnaire evaluating the land and property value change in proximity to NBS in Genova.

Aqueous self-assembly of a wide range of sophorolipid and glucolipid microbial bioamphiphiles (biosurfactants): considerations about the structure-properties relationship

Hypothesis Sophorolipids are well-known scaled-up microbial glycolipid biosurfactants with strong commercialization potential for their biological origin, mildness compared to classical surfactants. However, their properties are still poorly understood, they cannot be predicted and their behaviour in solution challenges half a century of knowledge generated in the field of surfactant science. By studying forty different types of sophorolipids, this work contributes to better tackle their structure-property relationship and identify which chemical groups in their molecular structure have a critical influence towards their self-assembly properties in water.   Experiments This work explores the self-assembly properties at room temperature of sophorolipids and sophorosides in water using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), optical and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). Structural features like the number of sugar headgroups, acetylation, end-chain functional group, (un)saturation, lactonization and length of chain are varied both to rationalize their impact and to understand their effect on the self-assembly.   Findings The number of sugar groups, pH, (un)saturation and lactonization were found to have a critical impact in respect to the sophorolipids self-assembly. The chemical nature of the end-chain functional group and the chain length were found to have a possibly critical impact, depending on the specific type of chemical function (COOH and long chains are critical). Mono- and diacetylation, as well as position of sophorose on the fatty acid (ω, ω-1), are not critical, i.e., do not significantly influence the sophorolipids self-assembly. Hypothesis Sophorolipids are well-known scaled-up microbial glycolipid biosurfactants with strong commercialization potential for their biological origin, mildness compared to classical surfactants. However, their properties are still poorly understood, they cannot be predicted and their behaviour in solution challenges half a century of knowledge generated in the field of surfactant science. By studying forty different types of sophorolipids, this work contributes to better tackle their structure-property relationship and identify which chemical groups in their molecular structure have a critical influence towards their self-assembly properties in water.   Experiments This work explores the self-assembly properties at room temperature of sophorolipids and sophorosides in water using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), optical and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). Structural features like the number of sugar headgroups, acetylation, end-chain functional group, (un)saturation, lactonization and length of chain are varied both to rationalize their impact and to understand their effect on the self-assembly.   Findings The number of sugar groups, pH, (un)saturation and lactonization were found to have a critical impact in respect to the sophorolipids self-assembly. The chemical nature of the end-chain functional group and the chain length were found to have a possibly critical impact, depending on the specific type of chemical function (COOH and long chains are critical). Mono- and diacetylation, as well as position of sophorose on the fatty acid (ω, ω-1), are not critical, i.e., do not significantly influence the sophorolipids self-assembly.

Optical Properties of Concentric Nanorings of Quantum Emitters

A ring of sub-wavelength spaced dipole-coupled quantum emitters features extraordinary optical properties when compared to a one-dimensional chain or a random collection of emitters. One finds the emergence of extremely subradiant collective eigenmodes similar to an optical resonator, which feature strong 3D sub-wavelength field confinement near the ring. Motivated by structures commonly appearing in natural light-harvesting complexes (LHCs), we extend these studies to stacked multi-ring geometries. We predict that using double rings allows us to engineer significantly darker and better confined collective excitations over a broader energy band compared to the single-ring case. These enhance weak field absorption and low-loss excitation energy transport. For the specific geometry of the three rings appearing in the natural LH2 light-harvesting antenna, we show that the coupling between the lower double-ring structure and the higher energy blue-shifted single ring is very close to a critical value for the actual size of the molecule. This creates collective excitations with contributions from all three rings, which is a vital ingredient for efficient and fast coherent inter-ring transport. This geometry thus should also prove useful for the design of sub-wavelength weak field antennae.

opencc-zeroFeb 2023View details →

Data from: The impact of land surface properties on haboobs and dust lofting

Haboobs are dust storms formed by strong surface winds in convective storm outflow boundaries, or cold pools, which can loft large quantities of mineral dust as they propagate. Both cold pools and the dust they loft are impacted by land surface properties resulting in complex surface interactions on haboobs. As a result of these additional complexities brought about by surface interactions, it is unclear which surface parameters and physical processes are important for predicting haboob intensity and dust concentrations. Here we applied the Morris one-at-a-time (MOAT) global sensitivity statistical method to an ensemble of 120 idealized simulations of daytime and nighttime haboobs to investigate the land surface properties that affect both dust mobilization and cold pool dynamics. MOAT identifies and ranks the importance of different input factors, which for the prediction of haboob strength and dust concentrations are 1) initial cold pool temperature, 2) surface type (vegetation), 3) soil type (clay content), and 4) soil moisture. The underlying physical mechanisms driving these feedbacks were then analyzed using a traditional one-at-a-time factor analysis. Time of day is significant for determining boundary layer height and dissipation via surface fluxes, leading to shallower, more intense cold pools/haboobs at night. Most of the land parameters modify the cold pool through impacts on surface fluxes, while surface type is dominated by roughness length effects. By ranking the importance of these surface factors, we have identified which variables are most sensitive and must be constrained via observations and data assimilation in numerical dust prediction models.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Analyzing defense-in-depth properties of nuclear power plant instrumentation and control system architectures using ontologies

A proof-of-concept OWL ontology for representing knowledge over nuclear overall instrumentation & control (I&C) system architectures, and two case studies built around a proposed US variant of the European Pressurized Water Reactor and the NuScale Small Modular Reactor.