Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Cone Glacier velocity and climate data from November 2017 to January 2022

Glacier velocity (m/yr) data obtained using Sentinel-2 near-infrared band 8 satellite images and the Glacier Image Velocimetry (GIV) open-source toolkit (Van Wyk de Vries & Wickert, 2021; https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-2115-2021). Precipitation (mm) and temperature (degrees centigrade) data obtained from gridded ERA5 reanalysis data (Hersbach et al., 2020; https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803) for the 0.25° x 0.25° grid square within which Cone Glacier sits. (2023-05-09)

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Code and Data to support "Atmospheric circulation-constrained model sensitivity recalibrates Arctic climate projections"

<a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/b2d03cf8-c9e1-4ffb-8120-eb08237612e6/sic.sep.5member.dat">sic.sep.5member.dat</a> contains direct binary data of spatial monthly averaged sea ice concentrations for 1979 January to 2020 December from the CESM2 wind-nudging runs. <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/b2d03cf8-c9e1-4ffb-8120-eb08237612e6/cism2.exp.smb.01.nc">cism2.exp.smb.01.nc</a> to <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/b2d03cf8-c9e1-4ffb-8120-eb08237612e6/cism2.exp.smb.01.nc">cism2.exp.smb.05.nc</a> contain netcdf files of annual averaged surface mass balance output from the CESM2-CISM2 wind-nudging runs between 1979 and 2020. topal&ding_code1.py - data preparation Python code topal&ding_code2.py - creating the main text and supplementary figures.

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

Primary data of: Spring phenology rather than climate dominates the trends in peak of growing season in the Northern Hemisphere

Shifts in plant phenology regulate ecosystem structure and function, which feeds back to the climate system. However, drivers for the peak of growing season (POS) in seasonal dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems remain unclear. Here, spatial-temporal patterns of POS dynamics were analyzed by solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and vegetation index in the Northern Hemisphere over the past two decades from 2001 to 2020. Overall, a slow advanced POS was observed in the Northern Hemisphere, while a delayed POS was distributed mainly in northeastern North America. Trends of POS were driven by the start of growing season (SOS) rather than pre-POS climate, both at hemisphere and biome scale. The effect of SOS on the trends in POS was the strongest in shrublands while the weakest in evergreen broad-leaved forests. These findings highlight the crucial role of biological rhythms rather than climatic factors in exploring seasonal carbon dynamics and global carbon balance.

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2022View details →

Data in support of "Declining cost of renewables and climate change curb the need for African hydropower expansion"

Data and scripts to replicate the results and the figures presented in "Declining cost of renewables and climate change curb the need for African hydropower expansion"

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Equilibrium climate sensitivity experiments using EC-Earth3-LR model — Surface Air Temperature data

Three experiments was conducted using a EC-Earth model with the EC-Earth3-LR configuration (REF), which couples atmosphere, land, ocean and sea-ice components. First, we performed a pre-industrial (PI) control simulation (E280) using pre-industrial forcing, holding atmospheric constituents constant at 1850 levels (e.g., CO2 concentration at 280 ppm). This simulation was initialized by a pre-run steady restart file (from a 500-year pre-industrial control simulation) and ran for 2000 years. We also conducted two sensitivity experiments (E400 and E560) by adjusting the CO2 concentration to 400 ppm and 560 ppm, respectively, at the start year of the E280 experiment, and continued for over 3000 years (3069 years for E400, and 3013 years for E560). For our statistical analysis, we only considered the integration periods after the spin-up, using the last 2000-year outputs from the three simulations. The dataset contains Earth system model results from EC-Earth3 presented in the study by Cao et al. (2023). Cao, N., Zhang, Q., Wang, Z., Power, K.E., & Liu, C. (2023). The non-negligible impact of internal multi-centennial climate variability on estimating equilibrium climate change. Submitted to Geophysical Research Letters.   Model configuration Time periods: 2000-year time slice for all three experiments ESM configuration: EC-Earth3-LR Horizontal resolution: ~1.125° (~125 km) Available data Annual mean data for Surface Air Temperature data.

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Data for article "Waterborne virus transport and risk assessment in Lake Geneva under climate change"

Radiation_2019_Aigle contains the daily global radiation measurement data at Station Aigle for the year of 2019. Radiation_yearly contains the historical yearly mean global radiation measurement data at Station Aigle. Virus concentration_measurement contains sewage virus measurement data. Code_and_simulation_files contain files used for hydrodynamic and water quality simulations as well as risk assessment.

WRF model configuration and data used for the NHESS manuscript "Heat wave characteristics: evaluation of regional climate model performances for Germany"

The file contains: <ul> <li>the namelist.input document with the description of the WRF model configuration used in Warscher et al. (2019)</li> <li>WRF simulation outputs from the reanalysis run: daily values of maximum temperature for the time period 1980-2009 from the innermost (5 km grid resolution) and second innermost (15 km) domain; from both domains the same section, relevant for the study, was taken; the data was bilineraily interpolated to 12.5 km horizontal grid resolution to match the EUR-11 CORDEX format</li> </ul>

The Impact of Climate Change on Extreme Winds over Northern Europe According to CMIP6: data and codes

Data and codes for the paper submitted to WES "The Impact of Climate Change on Extreme Winds over Northern Europe According to CMIP6" Data: 1. U50*.nc: 50-year wind with spectral correction method from 18 CMIP6 models 2. annual_max*.nc: annual wind maxima from 18 CMIP6 models 3. spe*.dat: example of power spectrum from the original wind speed time series from a CMIP6 model and power spectrum with spectral correction Codes: 1. AnnualMax*.py : calculate extreme winds from 18 CMIP6 models 2. XFuture-code-sharing.nb: Mathematca code for analysis of data on the effect of climate change, and pack data for plotting using MATLAB 3. *.m: MATLAB codes for plotting figures on climate change

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Data from: Conservation of Chinese Theaceae species under future climate and land use changes

Aim: Climate and land use changes are two major pervasive and growing global causes of rapid changes in the distribution patterns of biodiversity, challenging the future effectiveness of protected areas (PAs), which were mainly designed based on a static view of biodiversity. Therefore, evaluating the effectiveness of protected areas for protecting the species threatened by climate and land use change is critical for future biodiversity conservation. Location: China Methods: Here, using distributions of 200 Chinese Theaceae species and ensemble species distribution models, we identified species threatened by future climate and land use change (i.e. species with predicted loss of suitable habitat ≥ 30%) under scenarios incorporating climate change, land use change and dispersal. We then estimate the richness distribution patterns of threatened species and identify priority conservation areas and conservation gaps of the current PA network. Results: Our results suggest that 36.30%-51.85% of Theaceae species will be threatened by future climate and land use conditions, and that although the threatened species are mainly distributed at low latitudes in China under both current and future periods, the mean richness of the threatened species per grid cell will decline by 0.826-3.188 species by the 2070s. Moreover, we found that these priority conservation areas are highly fragmented and that the current PA network only covers 14.21%-20.87% of the 'areas worth exploring' and 6.91%-7.91% of the 'areas worth attention'. Main conclusions: Our findings highlight the necessity of establishing new protected areas and ecological corridors in priority conservation areas to protect the threatened species. Moreover, our findings also highlight the importance of taking into consideration the potential threatened species under future climate and land use conditions when designating priority areas for biodiversity conservation.

Individual and collective school-students' self-efficacy on climate change. Raw data set.

The dataset comprises 12 items on the topic of "self-efficacy on climate change" and additionally some items on person-related information. The items were developed with individual self-efficacy (8 items, iSE1 to iSE8) and collective self-efficacy (4 items, coSE1 to coSE4) in mind. The instruction was: "How do you think about yourself? Please tick to what extent the following statements apply to you" [translated from German]. A six-point Likert-type scale was used as response scale, headed with numbers from 1 to 6, only the ends of the response scale were verbally labelled (1 = "strongly disagree" to 6 = "strongly agree" [translated from German]). The items were used in German. The English translations were added to the dataset in square brackets. Data collection took place at German "Gymnasien" (equivalent to grammar schools) in 2022. The data set includes N = 163 school-students.

Individual and collective university students' self-efficacy on climate change. Raw data set.

The dataset comprises 12 items on the topic of "self-efficacy on climate change" and additionally some items on person-related information. The items were developed with individual self-efficacy (8 items, iSE1 to iSE8) and collective self-efficacy (4 items, coSE1 to coSE4) in mind. The instruction was: "How do you think about yourself? Please tick to what extent the following statements apply to you" [translated from German]. A six-point Likert-type scale was used as response scale, headed with numbers from 1 to 6, only the ends of the response scale were verbally labelled (1 = "strongly disagree" to 6 = "strongly agree" [translated from German]). The items were used in German. The English translations were added to the dataset in square brackets. Data collection took place at a German university in 2022. The data set includes N = 145 university students studying to become geography teachers.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2023View details →

Data for the paper: Convection and convective-organization in hothouse climates

:Here you can find the data presented in the paper Convection and convective-organization in hothouse climates   The names of the variables and the different simulations are presented in the paper

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Sequencing data for: Tracking climate-change induced biological invasions over 4 decades by metabarcoding archived natural eDNA samplers

In a time of unprecedented global environmental change, understanding the response of biodiversity is paramount. However, our knowledge of anthropogenic impacts on ecosystems is limited by a lack of standardized retrospective biomonitoring data. Here, we use four-decade time series of archived blue mussels to trace spatiotemporal biodiversity change in coastal ecosystems. The filter-feeding mussels can serve as natural eDNA samplers, carrying an imprint of the surrounding aquatic community at the time of sampling. By sequencing the preserved DNA, we characterize highly diverse mussel-associated communities and reconstruct the invasion trajectory of an invasive species to the detriment of native taxa uncovering repeated population collapses and reinvasions after cold winters. Time series of natural eDNA samplers provide highly resolved temporal data on community assembly and global warming-driven invasion processes and overcome critical shortfalls in our understanding of biodiversity change in the Anthropocene.

Data for: Diversity and specialization responses to climate and land use differ between deadwood fungi and bacteria

This dataset contains data from a field study conducted in 2019 and described in the manuscript "Diversity and specialization responses to climate and land use differ between deadwood fungi and bacteria". To test the effects of land use and climate on diversity and community specialization (H2') of deadwood-inhabiting microbes, we exposed branches of four different tree species at 179 study sites, distributed over a spatial extent of 300 km x 300 km and 1000 m in elevation. Study sites were established in four local land-use types: forests, grasslands, arable sites, and settlements, embedded in near-natural, agricultural, or urban landscapes. We used negative-binomial generalized linear models for diversity and calculated community specialization on host trees by using the standardized two-dimensional Shannon entropy (H2') and beta-regression models. Our results show that host identity and hence specialization strongly exceed the effects of climate and land use for fungal but not bacterial communities. This suggests contrasting responses between microbial taxa to climate change and land-use intensification with further consequences on deadwood diversity interactions and hence decomposition processes.

Data for: Increases in functional diversity of mountain plant communities is mainly driven by species turnover under climate change

Warming in mountain regions is projected to be three times faster than the global average. Pronounced climate change will likely lead to species reshuffling in mountain plant communities and consequently change ecosystem resilience and functioning. Yet, little is known about the role of inter- versus intraspecific changes of plant traits and their consequences for functional richness and evenness of mountain plant communities under climate change. We performed a downslope translocation experiment of intact plant-soil mesocosms from an alpine pasture and a subalpine grassland in the Swiss and Austrian Alps to simulate an abrupt shift in climate and removal of dispersal barriers. Translocated plant communities experienced warmer and dryer climatic conditions. We found a considerable shift from resource conservative to resource acquisitive leaf-economy in the two climate change scenarios. However, shifts in leaf-economy were mainly attributable to species turnover, namely colonization by novel lowland species with trait expressions for a wider range of resource use. We also found an increase in vegetative height of the warmed and drought-affected alpine plant community, while trait plasticity to warming and drought was limited to few graminoid species of the subalpine plant community. Our results highlight the contrast between the strong competitive potential of novel lowland species in quickly occupying available niche space and native species' lack of both the intraspecific trait variability and the plant functional trait expressions needed to increase functional richness under warming and drought. This is particularly important for the trailing range of many mountain species (i.e. subalpine zone) where upward moving lowland species are becoming more abundant and abiotic climate stressors are likely to become more frequent in the near future. Our study emphasizes mountain plant communities' vulnerability to novel climates and biotic interactions under climate change and highlights graminoid species as potential winners of a warmer and dryer future.

Data from: Regional variation in climate change alters the range-wide distribution of colour polymorphism in a wild bird

According to Gloger's rule animal colouration is expected to be darker in wetter and warmer climates. Such environmental clines are predicted to occur in colour polymorphic species and to be shaped by selection if colour morphs represent adaptations to different environments. We studied if the distribution of the colour polymorphic tawny owl (Strix aluco) morphs (a pheomelanic brown and a pale grey) across Europe follow the predictions of Gloger's rule and if there is a temporal change in the geographical patterns corresponding to regional variations in climate change. We used data on tawny owl museum skin specimen collections. First, we investigated long-term spatiotemporal variation in the probability of observing the colour morphs in different climate zones. Second, we studied if the probability of observing the colour morphs was associated with general climatic conditions. Third, we studied if weather fluctuations prior the finding year of an owl explains colour morph in each climate zone. The brown tawny owl morph was historically more common than the grey morph in every studied climate zone. Over time the brown morph has become rarer in the temperate and Mediterranean zone, whereas it has first become rarer but then again more common in the boreal zone. Based on general climatic conditions winter and summer temperature were positively and negatively associated with proportion of brown morph, respectively. Winter precipitation was negatively associated with proportion of brown morph. The effects of five-year means of weather on the probability to observe a brown morph differed between climate zones, indicating region dependent effect of climate change and weather on tawny owl colouration. To conclude, tawny owl colouration does not explicitly follow Gloger's rule, implying a time and space dependent complex system shaped by many factors. We provide novel insights in how the geographic distribution of pheomelanin-based colour polymorphism is changing.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

Data for "Climatic Constraints of Spring Phenology and its Variability on the Mongolian Plateau from 1982 to 2021"

The files named "SOSmean_Mongolia Plateau", derived from the GIMMS NDVI3g dataset (1982-2015) and the extended GIMMS NDVI (2016-2021) (i.e., NDVI for 40-year).

Data from: Estimating potential global sources and secondary spread of freshwater invasions under historical and future climates

Aim: We employ a climate-matching method to evaluate potential source regions of freshwater invasive species to an introduced region and their potential secondary spread under historical and future climates. Location: Global source regions, with primary introductions to the Laurentian Great Lakes and secondary introductions throughout North America Methods: We conducted a climate-match analysis using the CLIMATE algorithm to estimate global source freshwater ecoregions under historical and future climates with an ensemble of general circulation models for climate change scenario SSP5-8.5. Given existing research, we use a climate match of ≥ 71.7% between ecoregions to indicate climatic conditions that will not inhibit the survival of introduced freshwater organisms. Further, we estimate the secondary spread of freshwater invaders to the ecoregions of North America under historical and future climates. Results: We identified 54 global freshwater ecoregions with a climate match ≥ 71.7% to the recipient Laurentian Great Lakes under historical climatic conditions and 11 additional ecoregions were predicted to exceed the threshold under climate change. Three of the 11 ecoregions were located in South America, a continent where no matches existed under historical climates and eight were located in the southern United States, southern Europe, Japan, and New Zealand. Further, we identify 34 North American ecoregions of potential secondary spread of freshwater invasions from the Great Lakes under historical climatic conditions, and five ecoregions were predicted to exceed the threshold under climate change. Main conclusion: We provide a climate-match method that can be employed to assess the sources and spread of freshwater invasions under historical and future climate scenarios. Our climate-match method predicted increases in climate match between the recipient region and several potential source regions, and changes in areas of potential spread under climate change. The identified ecoregions are candidates for detailed biosecurity risk assessments and related management actions. The identified ecoregions are candidates for detailed biosecurity risk assessments and related management actions.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2023View details →

Contrasting impacts of climate change on protection forests of the Italian Alps: Supporting Data

Input files for the ForClim model (version 4.0.1) used in the associated paper. They can be used to to reproduce results of the simulation study. The ForClim model, including the source code, executable and documentation, is freely available under an Open Access license from the website of the original developers at <a href="https://ites-fe.ethz.ch/openaccess/">https://ites-fe.ethz.ch/openaccess/</a>. The original climatic dataset used to generate the ForClim input climate files at each site in South Tyrol is freely available at <a href="https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.924502">https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.924502</a> while the CHELSA climate data for future scenarios are available at <a href="https://www.chelsa-climate.org">https://www.chelsa-climate.org</a>. If interested in using this dataset for a research study or a project, please contact <a href="https://www.marco-mina.com">Marco Mina</a> ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Hillebrand L, Marzini S, Crespi A, Hiltner U & Mina M (2023) Contrasting impacts of climate change on protection forests of the Italian Alps. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 6, 2023  <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16197">https://doi.org/</a><a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1240235">10.3389/ffgc.2023.1240235</a> ABSTRACT. Protection forests play a key role in protecting settlements, people, and infrastructures from gravitational hazards such as rockfalls and avalanches in mountain areas. Rapid climate change is challenging the role of protection forests by altering their dynamics, structure, and composition. Information on local- and regional-scale impacts of climate change on protection forests is critical for planning adaptations in forest management. We used a model of forest dynamics (ForClim) to assess the succession of mountain forests in the Eastern Alps and their protective effects under future climate change scenarios. We investigated eleven representative forest sites along an elevational gradient across multiple locations within an administrative region, covering wide differences in tree species structure, composition, altitude, and exposition. We evaluated protective performance against rockfall and avalanches using numerical indices (i.e., linker functions) quantifying the degree of protection from metrics of simulated forest structure and composition. Our findings reveal that climate warming has a contrasting impact on protective effects in mountain forests of the Eastern Alps. Climate change is likely to not affect negatively all protection forest stands but its impact depends on site and stand conditions. Impacts were highly contingent to the magnitude of climate warming, with increasing criticality under the most severe climate projections. Forests in lower-montane elevations and those located in dry continental valleys showed drastic changes in forest structure and composition due to drought-induced mortality while subalpine forests mostly profited from rising temperatures and a longer vegetation period. Overall, avalanche protection will likely be negatively affected by climate change, while the ability of forests to maintain rockfall protection depends on the severity of expected climate change and their vulnerability due to elevation and topography, with most subalpine forests less prone to loosing protective effects. Proactive measures in management should be taken in the near future to avoid losses of protective effects in the case of severe climate change in the Alps. Given the heterogeneous impact of climate warming, such adaptations can be aided by model-based projections and high local resolution studies to identify forest stand types that might require management priority for maintaining protective effects in the future.