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Figs 9–10 in Tubulinosema loxostegi sp. n. (Microsporidia: Tubulinosematidae) from the Beet Webworm Loxostege sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Western Siberia

Figs 9–10. Electron microscopy of abberant spores of Tubulinosema loxostegi. 9 – a spore with the prominent protrusion of the anchoring disc (arrow), characteristic of spore activation (perhaps due to the fixative); 10 – an oversized teratospore with irregularly laid layers of ER, amorphous matter (asterisk) and tubules (arrows). Abbreviations as in Figs 3–8. Scale bars: 1 µm.

Figs 1–5 in Choleoeimeria bunopusi sp. n. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Infecting the Gall Bladder of the Tuberculated Gecko Bunopus tuberculatus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae) from Saudi Arabia

Figs 1–5. Photomicrographs of freshly collected oocysts of Choleoeimeria bunopusi sp. n. in different stages of development obtained from the gall bladder of Bunopus tuberculatus. Mature oocysts surrounded with outer layer (OL) and inner layer (IL) membrane and containing four sporocysts (S). Each sporocyst have two sporozoites (Sp) with sporocyst residuum (SR). Scale bars: 10 µm.

Figs 3–8 in Tubulinosema loxostegi sp. n. (Microsporidia: Tubulinosematidae) from the Beet Webworm Loxostege sticticalis L. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Western Siberia

Figs 3–8. Electron microscopy of Tubulinosema loxostegi. 3 – the sporoblast with tubules on its surface; 4 – exospore of the immature spore with short spiky extensions (arrow); 5 – mature spore within the cytoplasm of the host cell showing the disposition of bipartite polaroplast, the polar tube and the nucleus; 6 – the anterior part of the spore demonstrating structure of the anchoring disc and the polaroplast, as well as the additional layer of the exospore (arrow); 7 – the polar tube coils, with posterior coils of lesser diameter; 8 – two spores showing the diplokaryotic arrangement of the nuclei and delamination of the outer layer of the exospore (arrow), possibly due to an artifact of poor tissue preservation. AD – anchoring disc, En – endospore, ER – endoplasmatic reticulum, Ex – exospore, N – nuclei, Pp1 – anterior part of the polaroplast, Pp2 – posterior part of the polaroplast, PT – polar tube, PT1 – anterior coils of PT, PT2 – posterior coils of PT, Tb – tubules. Scale bars: 1 µm (3, 5, 8), 0.5 µm (4, 6, 7).

Figs 29–36 in Taxonomic Descriptions of Two Marine Ciliates, Euplotes dammamensis n. sp. and Euplotes balteatus (Dujardin, 1841) Kahl, 1932 (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea, Euplotida), Collected from the Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia

Figs 29–36. Photomicrographs of Euplotes dammamensis n. sp. during binary division after protargol impregnation. 29, 32 – ventral and dorsal views of a specimen at an early stage of morphogenesis to show the frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (29, arrowheads) and denote the parental dikinetids (32, arrowheads); 30, 33, 34 – ventral and dorsal views of a specimen at a slightly later stage of morphogenesis, to show the frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen developed and broadened (30), the newly formed dorsal kineties anlagen (33, arrowheads) and the marginal anlagen (34, arrowheads); 31, 35, 36 – ventral and dorsal views of a specimen at middle-stage to show the rightmost frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (31, arrowheads), the migratory cirral anlage in the proter (31, double-arrowhead), the marginal cirral anlagen (31, arrows), the dorsal kineties anlagen (35, arrowheads) and the replication bands (36, arrowheads).

Figs 19–28 in Taxonomic Descriptions of Two Marine Ciliates, Euplotes dammamensis n. sp. and Euplotes balteatus (Dujardin, 1841) Kahl, 1932 (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea, Euplotida), Collected from the Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia

Figs 19–28. Photomicrographs of Euplotes dammamensis n. sp. in vivo (19–25) and after protargol impregnation (26–28). 19, 20 – ventral views of different specimens, arrowheads in (19) to show the ventral ridges; 21 – dorsal view, arrowheads point to the dominant dorsal ridges; 22 – lateral view; 23 – ventral view of the posterior end, arrowhead marks the longest caudal cirrus; 24 – detailed dorsal view, arrowheads point to the apical view of the granules around the dorsal brush; 25 – arrowheads to show the lateral view of granules around the dorsal brush; 26 – arrow indicates the curved C-shaped macronucleus; 27, 28 – infraciliature on the ventral and dorsal sides, arrowheads indicate the dorsal kineties. Scale bars: 50 μm.

Figs 1–9. Euplotes dammamensis n in Taxonomic Descriptions of Two Marine Ciliates, Euplotes dammamensis n. sp. and Euplotes balteatus (Dujardin, 1841) Kahl, 1932 (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea, Euplotida), Collected from the Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia

Figs 1–9. Euplotes dammamensis n. sp. in vivo (1–7) and after protargol impregnation (8, 9). 1, 2 – ventral views of different individuals, arrows indicate the longest caudal cirrus; 3 – dorsal view, showing the conspicuous ridges; 4 – lateral view; 5 – frontoventral cirri, arrows indicate the cortical granules around the cirri; 6 – apical view of the cortical granules distributed on the dorsal side; 7 – lateral view of the cortical granules; 8, 9 – ventral and dorsal views of the same specimen, showing the general infraciliature and the micronucleus (arrow). AZM – adoral zone of membranelles, CC – caudal cirri, DK – dorsal kineties, FVC – frontoventral cirri, MC – marginal cirri, PM – paroral membrane, TC – transverse cirri, 1–11 – dorsal kineties. Scale bars: 50 μm.

Fig. 91 in Taxonomic Descriptions of Two Marine Ciliates, Euplotes dammamensis n. sp. and Euplotes balteatus (Dujardin, 1841) Kahl, 1932 (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea, Euplotida), Collected from the Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia

Fig. 91. Phylogenetic tree inferred by Maximum Likelihood (ML) based on SSU-rRNA gene sequences, showing the positions of Euplotes dammamensis n. sp. and Euplotes balteatus (red highlighted). The topology of the tree constructed with Bayesian analysis (BI) was essentially identical. Fully supported (100%/1.00) branches are marked with solid circles. The scale bar corresponds to 2 substitutions per 100 nucleotide positions. Systematic classification follows Lynn (2008).

Figs 1–5 in A Description of Cochliopodium a Freshwater Habitat megatetrastylus n. sp. Isolated from

Figs 1–5. Light microscopic and fine structure images of Cochliopodium megatetrastylus n. sp. 1–3. Morphology of living C. megatetrastylus n. sp. during locomotion. 1 – locomoting amoebae with anterior hyaloplasm fringe; 2 – morphology of the relatively short subpseudopodia that become adhesive laterally and posteriorly, and attach to the substratum; 3 – aggregation and fusion of amoebae (inset shows a large and nearby small cyst). All scale bars: 20 µm; 4 – fine structure of a cell in cross-section showing the nucleus (N) and prominent nucleolus (Nu), vacuole (V), emergent pseudopodia (Ps) from the ventral surface, and showing scales (arrow) covering the dorsal surface. Scale bar: 2 µm; 5 – tubulo-cristate mitochondria (M) near the cell periphery, coated with surface scales (arrows) shown in profile. Double-headed arrows indicate the distance (~ 0.2 µm) between the bases of a pair of opposite styles that support the apical collar. Scale bar: 0.5 µm.

Fig. 7 in Morphological Description of Telaepolella tubasferens n. g. n. sp., Isolate ATCC© 50593™, a Filose Amoeba in the Gracilipodida, Amoebozoa

Fig. 7. Sequential phase contrast micrographs of encysting T. tubasferens. The individual was observed at irregular intervals. A–H – formation of a first, larger cyst; I–J – formation of second, smaller cyst; phase contrast in I, Hoffmann modulation contrast in J. Scale bar for all images: 20 µm.

Fig. 4 in Morphological Description of Telaepolella tubasferens n. g. n. sp., Isolate ATCC© 50593™, a Filose Amoeba in the Gracilipodida, Amoebozoa

Fig. 4. Fine structure of amoeboid forms. A – a nucleus (N) with undulating margin and somewhat irregularly shaped nucleolus (Nu); B – mitochondria (M) with tubular cristae, and the uncoated peripheral plasma membrane with villous-like protrusions (arrow); C – an apparent feeding invagination of the cell contains bacteria (B) and an enlarged arrangement of plasma membrane protrusions (asterisk); D – "trumpet-shaped" tapered assembly of microtubules (arrow) distributed in the cytoplasm; E – an enlarged view of the microtubular assembly showing arrangement of the electron dense broadened attachment plates (arrow) where the microtubules terminate. Scale bar in A: 2 µm, B: 0.5 µm, C: 1 µm and D, E: 0.3 µm.

Fig. 3 in Morphological Description of Telaepolella tubasferens n. g. n. sp., Isolate ATCC© 50593™, a Filose Amoeba in the Gracilipodida, Amoebozoa

Fig. 3. Phase contrast micrographs of T. tubasferens, large locomotive forms. A – a large multinucleated individual in active locomotion; B – a detail of the fine, filose pseudopods at the trailing region of the individual in A; C – a distinct large individual in active locomotion; D – a detail of the anterior hyaline margin of the individual in C; E – a different morphology of large individual, at beginning of locomotion; F – a typical trailing pseudopod at the uroidal region, with corkscrew aspect; G – an individual with a very high number of filose pseudopods protruded at the anterior region; H, I – a locomotive individual with a high number of pseudopods at the trailing region; J, K, L, M – a sequential documentation of a locomotive amoeba, to demonstrate the aspect of the trailing and anterior regions during active movement. Scale bar for all images: 50 µm.

Fig. 2 in Morphological Description of Telaepolella tubasferens n. g. n. sp., Isolate ATCC© 50593™, a Filose Amoeba in the Gracilipodida, Amoebozoa

Fig. 2. Phase contrast micrographs of T. tubasferens trophic forms. A – contrasting size of five individuals within a monoeukaryotic culture; B – a small tetranucleated individual; C – medium sized individual with a large anterior region; D, E, F – different morphologies of small sized individuals; G, H, I – different morphologies of large, multinucleated individuals, without extensive branching; J, K – typical extensively branched large individual, showing many gaps within the cytoplasm; L – a large individual. Scale bar for all images: 50 µm.

Fig. 1 in Morphological Description of Telaepolella tubasferens n. g. n. sp., Isolate ATCC© 50593™, a Filose Amoeba in the Gracilipodida, Amoebozoa

Fig. 1. Life history diagram of T. tubasferens. a – small trophic form (50-100 μm); b – larger trophic form (100–300 μm); c – cyst; d – floating form; e – larger multinucleated form (up to 500 μm). Steps in gray indicated with a question mark have not been observed, but are hypothesized to happen. Image drawn by GK and DL.

Figs 6, 7 in A Description of Cochliopodium a Freshwater Habitat megatetrastylus n. sp. Isolated from

Figs 6, 7. Fine structure details of the nucleus of Cochliopodium megatetrastylus n. sp. 6 – examples of nuclei varying from somewhat rounded with undulating margin to those with lobe-like extensions (arrow); 7 – a lenticular shaped nucleus viewed in one plane of section. Scale bars: 1 µm.

Fig. 10 in A Description of Cochliopodium a Freshwater Habitat megatetrastylus n. sp. Isolated from

Fig. 10. Diagram of C. megatetrastylus n. sp. scale showing the grid-like base plate and the apical conical collar supported on four styles. Scale bar: 0.1 µm.

Fig. 1. Zoelucasa sablensis. a in Zoelucasa sablensis n. gen. et n. sp. (Cercozoa, Incertae Sedis), a New Scale-covered Flagellate from Marine Sandy Shores

Fig. 1. Zoelucasa sablensis. a – diagrammatic representation of cellular components, where: af – anterior flagellum, tf – trailing flagellum, S – scales, N – nucleus, n – nucleolus; b – external arrangement of scales; c, d – SEM images of whole, dried cells showing covering of scales and flagella; e – DIC image of cell showing optical section of the scale layer (arrows); f – nucleus (N); g, h – nucleus (large arrow) and parallel flagellar insertion in anterior pocket (small arrows) of cells that have retracted to a posterior position within their loricae; i – trailing flagellum in a "swimming" cell; j – anterior pocket (larger arrow) and parallel emergence of two flagella (small arrows); k – diagrammatic representation of the zig-zag pattern of cell "swimming" movement; l, m – compressed cells showing the flagella (arrows) and disassociated scales around the cells (note the fractures of some scales in m); n–r – TEM images of scales.

Fig. 4 in Structure of Organic Spines in the Rhizarian Protist Belonocystis tubistella Rainer, 1968, and a Description of Belonocystis quadrangularis n. sp. (Cercozoa, Insertae Sedis)

Fig. 4. Measurements of cell diameter (excluding spine-scale investitures) in 50 specimens of Belonocystis tubistella and B. quadrangularis.

Figure 3 in Frontonia anatolica n. sp., a new peniculid ciliate (Protista, Ciliophora) from Lake Van, Turkey

Figure 3. General morphology and oral field of Frontonia spp. F. elliptica (a–d, g), F. fusca (e, f). a, b, g, from Dragesco and Dragesco-Kernéis (1986); c, from Kahl (1931); d, from Foissner (1996); e, f, from Fokin (2008). Cs = Somatic kinety; Cv1–4 = Vestibular kinety 1–4; P1–3 = Peniculus 1–3; Pa = Parorale membrane; Vc = Excretory pores; Large arrow in e marks pigment granules; Small arrow in e marks micronuclei; Arrows in white area in e mark contractile vacuole; Arrows in f mark excretory pores.

Text-fig. 2. Salairocrinus apertus sp. n. (col.). A – columnal in facetal view. B – columnal in lateral view. C – cross section of columnal. Drawing by Radana Slámová. in New Species Of Crinoids Based On Their Columnals And Stem Fragments (Col.), From The Lower Devonian Zlíchov Limestone (Barrandian Area, The Czech Republic)

Text-fig. 2. Salairocrinus apertus sp. n. (col.). A – columnal in facetal view. B – columnal in lateral view. C – cross section of columnal. Drawing by Radana Slámová.

Text-fig. 3. Mediocrinus stukalinae sp. n. (col.). A – nodal in facetal view. B – pluricolumnal in lateral view. C – cross section of pluricolumnal. Drawing by Radana Slámová. in New Species Of Crinoids Based On Their Columnals And Stem Fragments (Col.), From The Lower Devonian Zlíchov Limestone (Barrandian Area, The Czech Republic)

Text-fig. 3. Mediocrinus stukalinae sp. n. (col.). A – nodal in facetal view. B – pluricolumnal in lateral view. C – cross section of pluricolumnal. Drawing by Radana Slámová.