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FIGURE 3 in Ompok platyrhynchus, a new silurid catfish (Teleostei: Siluridae) from Borneo
FIGURE 3. Type locality of Ompok platyrhynchus (Sungai Esu, Brunei Darussalam, Borneo).
Figure 1 in Delturinae, a new loricariid catfish subfamily (Teleostei, Siluriformes), with revisions of Delturus and Hemipsilichthys
Figure 1. Phylogenetic interrelationships of the Loricariidae modified from Armbruster (2004).
Chemical Analysis and Utilization of Striped Catfish (Pangasianodon hyopohthalmus)
<p>Catfish (<i>Pangasianodon hypopthalmus</i>) is known in Asia, more specifically in Southeast Asia such as Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia, Burma, and Brunei Darussalam. Currently, this fish has been exported to almost all countries in the world. This research aimed to analyze the chemical composition of the waste and find for alternative economical uses of the catfish processing business waste</p>
Files for phylogenetic analyses and molecular diagnosis between Diplomystidae catfish species
<p>Diplomystidae is an early-diverged family of freshwater catfish endemic to southern South America. We have recently collected five juvenile specimens belonging to this family from the Bueno River Basin, a basin which the only previous record was a single juvenile specimen collected in 1996. This finding confirms the distribution of the family further South in northern Patagonia, but poses new questions about the origin of this population in an area with a strong glacial history. We used phylogenetic analyses to evaluate three different hypotheses that could explain the origin of this population in the basin. First, the population could have originated in Atlantic basins (East of the Andes) and dispersed to the Bueno Basin after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) via river reversals, as it has been proposed for other population of <em>Diplomystes </em>as well as for other freshwater species from Patagonia. Second, the population could have originated in the geographically close Valdivia Basin (West of the Andes) and dispersed south to its current location in the Bueno Basin. Third, regardless of its geographic origin (West or East of the Andes), the Bueno Basin population could have a longer history in the basin, surviving in situ through the LGM. In addition, we conducted species delimitation analyses using a recently developed method that uses a protracted model of speciation. Our goal was to test the species status of the Bueno Basin population along with another controversial population in Central Chile (Biobío Basin), which appeared highly divergent in previous studies with mtDNA. The phylogenetic analyses showed that the population from the Bueno Basin is more related to Atlantic than to Pacific lineages, although with a deep divergence that predated the LGM, supporting in situ survival rather than postglacial dispersal. In addition, these analyses also showed that the species <em>D. nahuelbutaensis</em> is polyphyletic, supporting the need for a taxonomic reevaluation. The species delimitation analyses supported two new species which are described using molecular diagnostic characters: <em>Diplomystes arratiae</em> sp. nov. from the Biobío, Carampangue, and Laraquete basins, maintaining <em>D. nahuelbutaensis</em> valid only for the Imperial Basin, and <em>Diplomystes habitae</em> sp. nov. from the Bueno Basin. This study greatly increases the number of species within both the family Diplomystidae and Patagonia, and contributes substantially to the knowledge of the evolution of southern South American freshwater biodiversity during its glacial history. Given the important contribution to the phylogenetic diversity of the family, we recommend a high conservation priority for both new species. Finally, this study highlights an exemplary scenario where species descriptions based only on DNA data are particularly valuable, bringing additional elements to the ongoing debate on DNAbased taxonomy.</p>
Fig. 1 in Systematics of the Jaguar catfish genus Liosomadoras Fowler, 1940 (Auchenipteridae: Siluriformes)
Fig. 1. Schomburgk's original drawing of Arius oncinus (Schomburgk, 1841: Fig. 4).
Figure 42. Paracanthopoma vampyra, n in A taxonomic review of the vampire catfish genus Paracanthopoma Giltay, 1935 (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of nine new species and a revised diagnosis of the genus
Figure 42. Paracanthopoma vampyra, n. sp., holotype, MZUSP 86953, 14.6 mm SL. Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Preto da Eva, Igarapé Sucuriju. (A) Lateral view of body; (B) Dorsal view of head; (C) ventral view of head.
Figure 18 in A taxonomic review of the vampire catfish genus Paracanthopoma Giltay, 1935 (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of nine new species and a revised diagnosis of the genus
Figure 18. Paracanthopoma daemon, holotype, MZUSP 103047, 20.4 mm SL, Brazil, Mato Grosso, Gaúcha do Norte, Rio Coronel Vanick. (A) Lateral view of body; (B) Dorsal view of head; (C) ventral view of head.
Figure 4 in Glyptothorax distichus, a New Species of Catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from Mizoram, North-Eastern India
Figure 4. Tlwang River at Sairang, Mizoram, type locality of Glyptothorax distichus.
Loricarioid catfish evolved skin denticles that recapitulate teeth at the structural, developmental, and genetic levels (raw RNAseq reads)
<p>The first vertebrate mineralized skeleton was an external bony armor coated with dental structures. The subsequent emergence of a mineralized endoskeleton and of teeth are considered key innovations in the diversification of vertebrates. Although time clouds our understanding of the initial evolution of these mineralized structures, recent re-emergences may shed light on the underlying processes. Loricarioid catfishes are a lineage that, much like the ancestral vertebrates, bear denticle-clad bony armor from head to tail. Loricarioid denticles (LDs) and oral teeth are very similar in superstructure. We show here that other extra-oral dental structures are found as ancestral characters only in lineages that are distantly related to loricarioids such as sharks or coelacanth, indicating that LDs have independently re-emerged in loricarioid catfishes. We investigate whether the similarities between LDs and teeth extend to their developmental and genetic context, and how their development compares to that of other vertebrate integument structures. Our detailed study of the development of LDs, and gene expression analyses through in situ hybridization confirm that all 12 genes from the tooth-forming gene regulatory network (oGRN) are expressed in developing LDs in a similar way as they are expressed in developing teeth. We then compare the developmental, structural, and genetic aspects of LD and teeth with that of other integument appendages such as fish scales, shark dermal denticles, feathers and hairs. We find that LDs share all developmental cues with teeth and, to a lesser extent, with the other vertebrate integument structures. Taken together, our results indicate that denticles have re-emerged on the trunk of loricarioid catfishes through the ectopic co-option of the oGRN rather than the resurrection of an ancestral trunk-specific denticle genetic pathway.</p>
Dataset for: Rio de Janeiro and other paleodrainages evidenced by the genetic structure of an Atlantic Forest catfish
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: The disjunct distributions of freshwater organisms along coastal drainages are usually explained by paleodrainages formed during sea-level retreats that connected currently isolated basins, or by river capture from tectonic adjustments between adjoining watersheds. We evaluate the relative importance of these events on the genetic variation of freshwater fishes inhabiting the Serra do Mar in eastern Brazil, a region with steep mountains and pronounced bays.<br> Location: Coastal river drainages in southeastern Brazil.</p> <p><br> <strong>Taxon</strong>: Catfishes of the Trichomycterus alternatus group.</p> <p><br> <strong>Methods</strong>: We tested the effects of paleolandscape connections (GIS-reconstructed paleodrainages and putative river captures) on the genetic structure (mitochondrial and nuclear markers) of T. alternatus from 15 drainages using phylogenetic reconstructions, lineage delimitation methods and analyses of molecular variance.<br> Results: Trichomycterus alternatus is monophyletic and comprised of three main lineages: two restricted to the basin at its northernmost distribution and another broadly distributed to the south. In the latter, seven major cytb clades were geographically compatible with the eight paleodrainages, with three incongruences matching river captures previously described for the Guanabara Bay (GB). Shared haplotypes among isolated rivers flowing into GB provide the first molecular evidence of the 'Rio de Janeiro' paleoriver.</p> <p><br> <strong>Main conclusions</strong>: Dispersal via paleorivers is an important process, but it is not enough to recover the most recent dispersive events. Therefore, integrating both paleo-riverine configuration (GIS-based) and localized river captures (geological studies) is crucial to reveal the role of past geological and climatic events on the distribution of freshwater organisms. Taken together, these two factors significantly explained a high portion T. alternatus genetic structure along coastal drainages, revealing a paleolandscape scenario that may have been used by other freshwater Atlantic Forest taxa.</p>
Fig. 6 in Two new remarkable and endangered catfish species of the genus Cambeva (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) from southern Brazil
Fig. 6. Type locality of Cambeva betabelardense sp. nov.
Fig. 4 in Two new remarkable and endangered catfish species of the genus Cambeva (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) from southern Brazil
Fig. 4. Type locality of Cambeva alphabelardense sp. nov.
Diversification of body shape in catfishes of the Ganga River
<p>Catfishes of the order Siluriformes are an exceptionally diverse group occupying significant fraction of the world's freshwater ichthyofauna. Catfish species renders a model system for phylogenetic and evolutionary studies. However, there is dearth of knowledge on the phylogenetic history with reference to morphological diversity of catfishes in the Ganga River. Geometric morphometrics is an efficient approach to quantify shape variations and has lately found application in range of taxonomic, phylogenetic and evolutionary studies. This study utilizes photographs of 39 Gangetic catfishes to evaluate inter-specific phenotypic relationship through geometric morphometrics. PERMANOVA revealed significant relationship (F = 4.50, <em>p</em> < 0.0001) between shape of all the species. Procrustes ANOVA revealed significant relationship between shape and size (F = 17.67,<em> p</em> < 0.0001) and between shape (F = 34.95, <em>p</em> < 0.0001) of all species. The first two principal components of PCA accounted for 69.41% (PC1 44.41% and PC2 25.00%) of the total variance while the first two canonical variates of CVA accounted for 55.89% (CV1 34.06% and CV2 21.83%) of the total variance. The CVA-extracted Mahalanobis and Procrustes distances were found to be highly significant (<em>p</em> < 0.0001) between distinct groups and non-significant (p > 0.0001) between closely related groups. Morphospace phenogram depicted that the species under <em>Mystus, Sperata, Glyptothorax, Ompok, Eutropiichthys, Bagarius</em> and <em>Gagata </em>clustered together in their respective genus, indicating that species of respective genus share common phenotypic traits and have evolutionary relatedness. Species like <em>Chaca chaca, Clarias magur, Sisor rabdophorus, Heteropneustes fossilis, Silonia silondia</em> and <em>Clupisoma garua</em> showed clear distinctness, which may be attributed to different set of morphological traits. The study affirms the implication of geometric morphometrics in discriminating Gangetic catfishes and showcasing phenotypic relatedness between respective groups. This study has high implications in understanding the ecological and evolutionary problems in relation to morphological diversity in catfishes.</p>
Exceptional longevity in northern peripheral populations of Wels catfish (Silurus glanis)
<p>Studies of life-history variation across a species range are crucial for ecological understanding and successful conservation. Here, we examined the growth and age of Wels catfish (Silurus glanis) in Sweden, which represent the northernmost populations in Europe. A total of 1183 individuals were captured, marked and released between 2006 and 2020. Mark-recapture data from 162 individuals (size range: 13–195 cm) were used to estimate von Bertalanffy growth curve parameters which revealed very slow growth rates compared to catfish within the core distribution area (central Europe). The fitted von Bertalanffy growth curve predicted a 150 cm catfish to be around 40 years old, while the largest recaptured individual (length 195 cm) was estimated to be 70 (95% CI 50–112) years old. This was substantially older than the previously documented maximum age of a catfish. The weight at length relationships in these northern peripheral populations were similar to those documented for catfish in central Europe indicating that resources did not constrain growth. This indicates that the slow growth and exceptional high age in the northern catfish populations are the result of lower temperatures and/or local adaptations.</p>
Effects of acute exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics on the channel catfish larvae: Insights from energy metabolism and transcriptomic analysis
<p><span>Microplastics (nanoplastics) pollution has been a major ecological issue threatening global aquatic ecosystems. However, knowledge of the adverse effects of nanoplastics and the effects on freshwater ecosystems is still limited. To understand the impacts of nanoplastics on freshwater ecosystems, it is essential to reveal the physiological changes caused by nanoplastics in freshwater organisms, especially at their early life-history stages. In the present study, the larval channel catfish <em>Ietalurus punetaus</em> were exposed to gradient concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mg/L) of 75-nm polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) for 24 h or 48 h, and changes in contents of energy metabolites, metabolic enzyme activities and transcriptome were assessed. The results showed glucose and triglyceride contents increased after 24 h of exposure to 10 or 25 mg/L of PS-NPs but decreased with increased concentrations or prolonged exposure duration. Activities of most metabolic enzymes analyzed decreased in the larvae after 48 h of exposure, especially in 25 or 50 mg/L of PS-NPs. These suggested that PS-NPs caused huge energy consumption and disturbed the energy metabolism in larval fish. Transcriptomic analysis showed that 48 h of exposure to 50 mg/L PS-NPs affected the expression of genes involved in protein digestion and induced response of proteasomes or heat shock proteins in the larval <em>I. punetaus</em>. The genes involved in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) pathway and biosynthesis of amino acids were activated after the exposure. PS-NPs also depressed the expression of the genes involved in gonad development or muscle contraction in the larval <em>I. punetaus</em>. Overall, acute exposure to 75-nm PS-NPs disrupted the energy metabolism by consuming the energy reserves, and affected a series of molecular pathways which may further affect the development and survival of fish. This study provided the information about adverse effects of nanoplastics on the fish larvae and revealed the molecular pathways for the potential adverse outcomes.</span></p>
Figure 5 in The rediscovery of Pimelodella longipinnis (Borodin, 1927), an enigmatic Atlantic Rainforest catfish species from Southeastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
Figure 5. Distribution of Pimelodella longipinnis in Southeastern coastal Mata Atlântica streams of São Paulo State. In green is demarked part of the Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar extension.The collection sites are indicated by a black dot.The dot may correspond to more than one collection site. The center of Santos municipality is indicated by a black square.
Figure 4 in The rediscovery of Pimelodella longipinnis (Borodin, 1927), an enigmatic Atlantic Rainforest catfish species from Southeastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
Figure 4. Live specimens of P. longipinnis, showing the coloration in life (preserved in MZUSP 116324).
Figure 3 in The rediscovery of Pimelodella longipinnis (Borodin, 1927), an enigmatic Atlantic Rainforest catfish species from Southeastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
Figure 3. Left lateral view of an ethanol-preserved, recently collected specimen of P. longipinnis, MZUSP 116324, 57.6 mm SL.
Figure 1 in Pectoral-fin glands and delivery apparatus in the catfish genus Brachyrhamdia Myers, 1927 (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
Figure 1: Ventral view of the pectoral region of Brachyrhamdia species, exposed in situ axillary glands after the removal of skin, hypaxial musculature and loose connective tissue and adipose tissue. (A) Brachyrhamdia marthae, LIRP 10040, 31.4 mm SL. Both left and right axillary glands (arrow) are exposed, right gland limits highlighted by white dashed line. (B) Brachyrhamdia heteropleura, LIRP 7419, 33.4 mm SL. Right axillary gland is exposed (arrow), with its limits highlighted by white dashed line, and portion of left axillary gland can be seen near pectoral-fin base by transparency. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 3 in Pectoral-fin glands and delivery apparatus in the catfish genus Brachyrhamdia Myers, 1927 (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae)
Figure 3. (A₁) Dorsal view of Brachyrhamdia marthae right pectoral-fin spine and girdle, USNM 305641, total spine length 5.8 mm; (A₂) Illustration of B. marthae right pectoral-fin spine in dorsal view. Black indicates the ossified portion of spine, while gray portion indicates the unossified spurious ray; (B₁) Dorsal view of B. heteropleura right pectoral-fin spine and girdle, USNM 226105, total spine length 4.6 mm; (B₂) Illustration of B. heteropleura right pectoral-fin spine in dorsal view. Black indicates the ossified portion of the spine, while the gray portion indicates the unossified spurious ray (completed according to left pectoral-fin spine). The proximal portion of spine cannot be observed when the spine is articulated, therefore illustrations of such portion were produced according to direct observation. Abbreviations: ad = anterior denticulation, clth = cleithrum, pcp = posterior cleithrum process, ps = posterior serration.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.