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3,121 results for “Resources”
Data from: Aquatic and terrestrial resources are not nutritionally reciprocal for consumers
1.Aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are connected through reciprocal fluxes of energy and nutrients that can subsidize consumers. Past research on reciprocal aquatic‐terrestrial subsidies to consumers has generally focused on subsidy quantity while ignoring major differences in the nutritional composition of aquatic and terrestrial resources. Because aquatic resources contain substantially more highly unsaturated omega‐3 fatty acids (HUFAs) than terrestrial resources, aquatic subsidies may play a unique role by supplying these critical compounds to both aquatic and terrestrial consumers. 2. Here, we first characterized nutritional quality in terms of HUFA content in aquatic and terrestrial insect prey. We then used bulk stable isotope analyses to estimate subsidy use by stream and riparian consumers coupled with compound‐specific stable isotope analyses, which allowed us to document consumer HUFA sources. Finally, in order to understand the nutritional importance of aquatic‐derived HUFAs for riparian consumers, we conducted manipulative diet experiments on Eastern Phoebe (Sayornis phoebe) chicks in the laboratory. 3. Aquatic insects were significantly enriched in HUFAs, mainly in terms of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), compared with terrestrial insects. Stream fishes relied mainly upon aquatic resources, while insectivorous birds varied in their use of aquatic subsidies across sites. However, like stream fishes, Eastern Phoebe chicks received HUFAs from aquatic insects, even when they were heavily reliant upon terrestrial insects for their overall diet. In the laboratory, dietary HUFAs, such as those supplied by aquatic insects, increased the growth rate and condition of Eastern Phoebe chicks. 4. This study demonstrates that aquatic and terrestrial subsidies are not nutritionally reciprocal from the perspective of consumers because aquatic resources are the main source of critical fatty acids for both stream and riparian consumers. It also confirms previous findings on the nutritional importance of HUFAs for riparian birds, demonstrating that an insectivorous riparian lifestyle influences avian nutritional needs. Finally, our findings raise the possibility that birds and other riparian insectivores may experience nutritional mismatches with terrestrial prey if they do not have access to high quality aquatic subsidies as a consequence of aquatic habitat degradation or shifts in consumer and resource phenology.
Data from: Tropical arboreal ants form dominance hierarchies over nesting resources
Interspecific dominance hierarchies have been widely reported across animal systems. High-ranking species are expected to monopolize more resources than low-ranking species via resource monopolization. In some ant species, dominance hierarchies have been used to explain species coexistence and community structure. However, it remains unclear whether or in what contexts dominance hierarchies occur in tropical ant communities. This study seeks to examine whether arboreal twig-nesting ants competing for nesting resources in a Mexican coffee agricultural ecosystem are arranged in a linear dominance hierarchy. We described the dominance relationships among 10 species of ants and measured the uncertainty and steepness of the inferred dominance hierarchy. We also assessed the orderliness of the hierarchy by considering species interactions at the network level. Based on the randomized Elo-rating method, we found that the twig-nesting ant species Myrmelachista mexicana ranked highest in the ranking, while Pseudomyrmex ejectus was ranked as the lowest in the hierarchy. Our results show that the hierarchy was intermediate in its steepness, suggesting that the probability of higher ranked species winning contests against lower ranked species was fairly high. Motif analysis and significant excess of triads further revealed that the species networks were largely transitive. This study highlights that some tropical arboreal ant communities organize into dominance hierarchies.
Data from: Desiccation and rehydration of mosses greatly increases resource fluxes that alter soil carbon and nitrogen cycling
1. Mosses often have positive effects on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling, but we know little about how environmentally determined cycles of desiccation and rehydration in mosses influence these processes. 2. In this context, we compared carbon and nitrogen in throughfall after precipitation passed through eight moss species that were either hydrated continuously or desiccated and rehydrated. Also, the throughfall of four moss species was added to soil and used to determine the net effect of carbon and nitrogen added in moss throughfall on soil CO2 and N2O efflux. 3. Depending on the species, desiccated-rehydrated (rehydrated) mosses lost 2-31 times more carbon in throughfall than mosses that were continuously hydrated (hydrated). Hydrated mosses lost little to no detectable nitrogen; whereas most rehydrated mosses lost some nitrogen in throughfall. Throughfall from both hydrated and rehydrated mosses generated higher CO2 and N2O efflux than water treated soils, but rehydrated moss throughfall promoted larger N2O efflux than hydrated moss throughfall. Throughfall from hydrated mosses caused net negative changes in soil carbon and had very little effect on soil nitrogen, whereas throughfall from rehydrated mosses generated positive changes in soil carbon and nitrogen. 4. Synthesis. Our results indicate that resources lost from desiccated mosses during rehydration influence soil carbon and nitrogen transformations and may be important drivers of carbon and nitrogen cycling and storage in ecosystems.
Data from: Integrating vital rates explains optimal worker size for resource return by bumble bee workers
1. Size-number trade-offs in reproduction are commonly observed in nature. Bumble bee (Bombus spp.) colonies produce workers that vary considerably in size. This variation suggests that colonies face potential size-number trade-offs when producing workers. 2. Here, we estimated size-based vital rates of Bombus vosnesenskii workers using colonies reared from wild caught queens. We conducted a mark-recapture study to estimate worker survival as a function of body size. We also collected data on pollen and nectar loads as well as foraging trips using a radio-frequency identification system to estimate daily resource return as a function of body size. We integrated survival and daily resource return to estimate lifetime resource collection and offset these estimates by the size-based worker production costs. 3. We found size-based trade-offs among workers of different sizes. Smaller workers had higher survival, but larger workers returned with more resources per day. The largest workers made slightly fewer foraging trips per day. 4. Overall, larger workers made the greatest lifetime contribution to both nectar and pollen collection. However, once the benefits of larger workers are offset by their higher production costs, intermediate-sized workers were the optimal for net resource contribution according to our models. Many previous studies have found that larger workers outperformed smaller workers with foraging and in-nest tasks, yet these studies have not integrated multiple fitness components or worker production costs to quantify net resource contribution towards colony growth. 5. Accounting for tradeoffs between costs and performance changed our conclusions about optimal body size from being large to being near the observed average. Similar approaches of integrating multiple vital rates may resolve apparently suboptimal life histories in other taxa.
Data from: Direct and indirect effects of landscape and field management intensity on carabids through trophic resources and weeds
<p>Carabids are important biological control agents of weeds and other pests in agricultural fields. The carabid community is built upon direct and indirect ecological effects of landscape complexity, field management intensity and biotic components that in interaction make any prediction of community size and composition challenging.</p> <p>We analyse a large-scale sample of 60 European cereal fields using Structural Equation Modelling to quantify the direct effects of field management intensity and the surrounding landscape, and their indirect effect via biotic components, on carabid diversity.</p> <p>Our results highlight that direct and indirect effects of increasing landscape complexity, mediated by trophic resources, mainly affect carabids positively. Field management intensity only ever affects carabids through indirect effects that are generally negative, by suppressing standing weeds and weed seeds.</p> <p>Indirect effects on granivore carabid species depended on weed seed availability whereas omnivores depended on the availability of both weed seeds and animal prey.</p> <p><i>Synthesis and applications</i><span>: A consideration of both the direct and indirect effects of landscape and field management is necessary for predicting carabid communities and with interactions. These effects, mediated via trophic resources, supports the diversity and abundance of carabid communities and their provision of ecosystem services. Our results show that promoting crop diversity and connectivity to semi-natural habitats will directly enhance carabid communities in farmland by manipulating their migration from source habitats. A reduction in field management intensity will preserve local standing weeds and weed seeds, and indirectly support carabid communities. These local and landscape modifications could contribute to improve the natural regulation of pests and weeds by carabids.</span></p>
Dancing bees evaluate central urban forage resources as superior to agricultural land
<p class="ColorfulList-Accent11CxSpFirst">Recent evidence suggests that flower-rich areas within cities could play an important role in pollinator conservation, but direct comparison of floral resources within agricultural and urban areas has proved challenging to perform over large scales.</p> <p class="ColorfulList-Accent11CxSpMiddle">Here we use the waggle dances of honeybees (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) to perform large-scale landscape surveys at heavily urban or agricultural sites for a key pollinator of wild and crop plants. We analyzed 2827 dances that were performed by 20 colonies in SE England.</p> <p class="ColorfulList-Accent11CxSpMiddle">We show that hive median foraging trip distance is consistently lower at urban sites across the entire season. The sucrose content of collected nectar did not significantly differ between urban and agricultural land, ruling out the possibility that longer foraging distances in agricultural sites were driven by distant but nectar-rich resources.</p> <p class="ColorfulList-Accent11CxSpMiddle">Within cities, bees preferentially targeted residential areas on foraging trips, while trips to mass-flowering crops overwhelmingly dominated at agricultural sites. For both land-use types, distances flown increased in the summer, but there was high variation in temporal patterns between individual sites</p> <p class="ColorfulList-Accent11CxSpLast"><i>Policy implications: </i>From the self-reported perspective of a generalist pollinator, forage was easier to find in heavily urbanized areas than in the modern agricultural landscapes that we studied. A focus on continuous spatial and temporal provision within agricultural environments is key to redressing this imbalance.</p>
Root responses to neighbors depend on neighbor identity and resource distribution
<p>In a complex soil environment, competitive and environmental factors will interact with individual traits to influence a plant's root growth patterns and ability to compete for resources. Here, we examine how root growth of a focal plant, <i>Plantago lanceolata</i> L., responds to resource heterogeneity and to presence of two neighbor species, <i>Centaurea jacea</i> L.and <i>Poa pratensis</i> L. A full factorial experiment tested the effects of nutrient heterogeneity, neighbors, and their interaction on root responses of <i>Plantago</i>. Roots in shared quadrants of a pot were harvested and quantified by qPCR for plants grown alone or with a neighbor, in patchy or even soil. The effects of experimental treatments on <i>Plantago</i> root mass distribution were tested with two-way ANOVA. When soil resources were evenly distributed, <i>Plantago</i> individuals increased root allocation to soil shared with a <i>Centaurea</i> neighbor but not a <i>Poa</i> neighbor. When soil resources were patchy, <i>Plantago</i> responded more strongly to <i>Poa</i> than to <i>Centuarea</i>, and placed more roots in the high-resource patch. These results demonstrate that plants can respond differently to neighbors depending on species and that integrating multiple cues results in non-additive effects on root behavior.</p>
Lesan: Machine Translation for Low Resource Languages
<p>Human evaluation dataset to evaluate machine translation systems to and from Amharic, English and Tigrinya.</p>
Data & Code from: Crop mixtures: does niche complementarity hold for belowground resources? an experimental test using rice genotypic pairs
<p>Data & Code for the study "Crop mixtures: does niche complementarity hold for belowground resources? an experimental test using rice genotypic pairs"</p> <p>Data:<br> "Rice_traits.csv": this file contains trait and productivity data measured at the individual plant level. It has one row per plant and one column per trait.</p> <p>Column headers:<br> "IDplant": unique plant identifier (1 to 200)<br> "IDpot": pot identifier with two plants per pot (1 to 100)<br> "Bloc": bloc identifier, with 20 pots per bloc (A, B, C, D, E)<br> "Treatment": P0 vs P+ = no P supply vs P supply<br> "Asso": pot type, either monoculture (M) or mixture (P)<br> "IDcouple": concatenation of the identifiers of the two genotypes in a pot (I64 = IR64, I64+=IR64 introgressed with QTL9, Pdi=Padi, Ktn=Ketan)<br> "IDgeno": focal genotype identifier (I64 = IR64, I64+=IR64 introgressed with QTL9, Pdi=Padi, Ktn=Ketan)<br> "IDnei": neighbour genotype identifier (I64 = IR64, I64+=IR64 introgressed with QTL9, Pdi=Padi, Ktn=Ketan)<br> "BIOM_above": aboveground biomass (g)<br> "Tillers": number of tillers<br> "PH": Plant height (cm)<br> "Biovolume": biovolume (m3)<br> "SLA": Specific Leaf Area (m2/kg)<br> "RB_top": Root biomass between 0 and 20 cm below the soil surface(g)<br> "RB_deep: Root biomass between 20 and 60 cm below the soil surface(g) (!!! Only measured at the pot-level)<br> "D_ad"/"D_bas": Mean root diameter (mm) of adventitious/basal roots, respectively<br> "SRL_ad"/"SRL_bas": Specific Root Length (m/g) of adventitious/basal roots, respectively<br> "RTD_ad"/"RTD_bas": Root Tissue Density (mg/cm3) of adventitious/basal roots, respectively<br> "RBI_ad"/"RBI_bas": Root Branching Intensity (nb tips/cm) of adventitious/basal roots, respectively<br> "PfR_ad"/"PfR_bas": Proportion of fine roots (diameter < 0.1 mm) (%) in adventitious/basal roots, respectively</p> <p>Code:<br> "Rice_mixtures_analysis.R": this file contains the main statisticl analysis presented in the study. It uses "Rice_traits.csv" as an input.</p> <p> </p>
Supplementary data for "Enhancing Resource-based Test Case Generation For RESTful APIs with SQL Handling"
<p>Supplement to: <em>Enhancing Resource-based Test Case Generation For RESTful APIs with SQL Handling</em></p> <p>In this repository, we provide <em>tests</em> and their <em>coverage reports</em> (conducted by Intellij coverage reports) that are used in the Discussion section of the paper.</p>
Data from: Trophic level and basal resource use of soil animals are hardly affected by local plant associations in abandoned arable land
Stable isotope composition of plants and soil animals in abandoned arable land <p>Dataset provides raw data on stable isotope composition of C and N of plants and soil meso- and macrofauna. Dominating animal groups were collected in arable fallow systems 3 and 14-16 years after abandonment. Animals were sampled from the rhizosphere of three plant species of different functional groups: a legume (Medicaco sativa), a non-legume herb (Taraxacum officinale) and a grass (Bromus sterilis). More information can be found in the associated paper.</p>
Sei framework resources (hg19 and hg38 FASTA files)
<p>This is the `resources` directory that should be downloaded in order to run the Sei framework code. It contains the hg19 and hg38 genome FASTA files downloaded from UCSC, as well as the index files generated by `pyfaidx` Python package for fast indexing and querying of genome coordinate sequences. </p>
Resources do not limit compensatory response of a tallgrass prairie plant community to the loss of a dominant species
<p>The effect of species loss on ecosystem productivity is determined by both the functional contribution of the species lost, and the response of the remaining species in the community. According to the mass-ratio hypothesis, the loss of a dominant plant species, which has a larger proportionate contribution to productivity, is expected to exert an overwhelming effect on this important ecosystem function. However, via competitive release, loss of a dominant species can provide the opportunity for other plant species to establish, thrive and become abundant in the community, potentially compensating for the function lost. Furthermore, if resource limitation is removed, then compensatory response of function to the loss of a dominant species should be greater and more rapid than if resources are more limiting.</p> <p>To evaluate how resources may limit compensation of aboveground productivity to the loss of a dominant plant species, we experimentally removed the C<sub>4</sub> perennial tallgrass, <em>Andropogon gerardii</em>, from intact plant communities. We added water for four years, as well as nitrogen in the fourth year, to test the effect of resource limitation on the compensatory response.</p> <p>Overall, aboveground biomass production increased in the remaining community with both water and nitrogen addition. However, this increase in biomass production was not sufficient to fully compensate for the loss of A. gerardii, indicating water and nitrogen were not limiting short-term compensation in this community.</p> <p>Following the removal of the dominant species, there was a reordering of species abundances in the community, rather than changes in species richness. The C<sub>4</sub> grass <em>Bouteloua curtipendula</em> was the most responsive species, increasing by 57.9% in abundance with water addition and 91.0% with both water and nitrogen addition. Despite this dramatic increase in abundance, its short stature and lower per capita biomass production prevented this species from compensating for the loss of <em>A. gerardii</em>.</p> <p>Our results suggest that short-term compensation after the loss of a dominant plant species can be hastened by increased resource availability, but ultimately full compensation appears to be limited by the presence and abundance of species in the remaining community that possess traits that allow them compensate for the species lost.</p>
Panel: "Broken for All:: The case for persistent identifiers for digital cultural heritage resources AND Developer Track Session 2
<p>This video contains two sessions from Open Repositories 2021:</p> <p><strong>Panel: "Broken for All": the case for persistent identifiers for digital cultural heritage resources</strong><br> <em>Turner, Adrian (1); Holmes-Wong, Deborah (2); Rafique, Zahid (2); Kunze, John (1); Lohnash, Megan (3); McKinley, Matthew (4), Lund, <em>Allison</em> (5)</em><br> <em>1: California Digital Library; 2: University of Southern California Libraries; 3: California Revealed; 4: Omeka; 5: Metropolitan New York Library Council </em><br> Cultural heritage institutions within the United States have made significant investments in building unique digital collections, broadly disseminating them on the web and through networks such as the Digital Public Library of America (DPLA). The items within these collections are referenced and cited in a range of sources -- from Wikipedia and scholarly articles, to archival finding aids and classroom lesson plans. However, the application of persistent identifier schemes (e.g. DOI, ARK) for unique digital resources is relatively uncommon within the gallery, library, archive, and museum communities. Relatedly, many repositories and digital asset management systems (DAMS) widely used in these communities simply do not support persistent identifier schemes "out of the box." Hence, the URLs for the items are extremely fragile. If the collections are migrated to a different repository, the URLs can easily break -- impacting downstream networks, confounding researchers, and compounding the problem of link rot. This panel will discuss the critical role of persistent identifiers in digital collections management and dissemination and some of the challenges in applying them. It will feature case studies demonstrating how commonly-available licensed and open-source repositories can be adapted to support them.</p> <p><strong>Developer Track Session 2:</strong></p> <p><strong>Constructing a Repository Test Strategy Built on Docker Containers</strong><br> <em>Brady, Terrence W</em><br> <em>California Digital Library, United States of America</em><br> The Merritt Digital Preservation system comprises a dozen microservices and supporting services. Our team found that it was not cost effective to maintain and patch a fleet of servers to support a development environment. Our solution was to replace our development server environment with a stack of dockerized services. Once the stack was containerized, we discovered that we were able to create 3 variants of our development stack with different persistence strategies for database content and cloud storage. With these variants, the team has been able to support a variety of testing scenarios.<br> <br> <strong>Deploying a Serverless Application as a Docker Image</strong><br> <em>Brady, Terrence W</em><br> <em>California Digital Library, United States of America</em><br> A serverless application consists of a defined runtime (such as Ruby 2.7 or Python 3) and a package of code. This presentation will illustrate 3 types of code packages of different complexity and will describe the challenges of bundling more complicated dependencies such as binary files. In December 2020, the AWS Lambda serverless architecture began to support Docker images as a deployment package. This packaging approach makes it possible to run tests against a code package before it is deployed. This presentation will demonstrate the test and deployment process for a serverless application within the Merritt digital preservation system. Other repository teams hosting their applications on AWS may discover some useful patterns for testing and deploying serverless code to AWS Lambda.<br> <br> <strong>Live Demo: Create a Developer Workspace Challenge</strong><br> <em>Pottinger, Hardy Joseph</em><br> <em>California Digital Library, University of California, Office of the President, United States of America</em><br> Creating a developer workspace, a place in which you can write and test your code, can seem a daunting task. Sure, someone might have done it before, and they might even share their notes with you, but following those notes and arriving in the same place is like following a treasure map and expecting to get rich. There’s a better way, and I’m willing to prove it. This demo aims to show the process one goes through to craft a development environment with pretty much any tool, but will use Lando to conserve time. Lando is a way to bootstrap a useable development environment. It's built on Docker, and is like Docker-Compose, but much more transparent. It handles the boring details and helps you actually start developing with code in your favorite IDE, and all the services you need in Docker. It's all about making the life of a developer easier. It won't give you an application container you can deploy, but you will develop a deeper understanding of how all the pieces fit together, and you'll have a tool which can deploy those pieces to dev/stage/prod if you wish. The audience will participate in this demo.<br> <br> <strong>Building Scalable Serverless Digital Repositories using Amplify Open-source Framework</strong><br> <em>Chen, Yinlin; Jiang, Tingting; Hunter, Lee</em><br> <em>Virginia Tech, United States of America</em><br> We develop digital repositories to disseminate different types of digital content and to promote the principles of open access. Our goal is not to provide access to information to just one individual institution or group but to anyone and everyone. With that ambitious goal in mind, how do we enable our digital repositories to have the high availability and flexible scaling capabilities necessary to face unforeseen demand? How do we utilize only the resources we need without the waste of overprovisioning resources? These are some of the most challenging issues that we face. To achieve our goals, we moved from the traditional monolithic, server-based approach to serverless cloud infrastructure. By leveraging the services that AWS provides we have been able to boost the performance of our repositories 10x compared to that of our previous implementation that was hosted in-house. Our repositories now automatically scale up and down to meet any kind of traffic demands, without our intervention. In this talk, we will demonstrate our scalable serverless digital repositories and show the opportunities to explore and reflect on the ways that repositories enable openness for all.</p>
Resource limitation, intragroup aggression, and brain neuropeptide expression in a social wasp
<p>1. Nourishment can have profound effects on social behavior, including aggressive interactions between individuals. However, how nutritional resource availability and limitation affects intraspecific aggression remains somewhat contested. The prevailing theoretical and empirical understanding is that when nutritional resources are limited, inter-individual competition and aggression will increase. However, findings from several social animals suggest that limited nutrition can lead to increased cooperation, including by a reduction in inter-individual aggression.</p> <p>2. We suggest that in social insect colonies, where nourishment is often important in determining differences between the reproductive and non-reproductive worker behavioral castes, the link between an individual's nourishment and their future reproductive potential may be a key missing element of models that predict how nutritional resource availability affects inter-individual aggression.</p> <p>3. We investigated how nourishment influenced intra-colony aggression and its molecular correlates in colonies of the social paper wasp <i>Polistes fuscatus</i>, which workers that maintain flexible reproductive potential as adults. We subjected colonies to either a high or low feeding treatment, and examined subsequent effects on behavior, physiology, and brain gene expression.</p> <p>4. We found that nutritional restriction reduced aggressive interactions, suggesting increased social cohesion when resources are limiting. Thus, individual worker paper wasps appear to have the capacity to adjust their behavior (e.g., reduced aggression) in response to nutritional stress, investing nutritional resources in the colony when resources are limiting, and in the self when resources are abundant.</p> <p>5. Differential brain gene expression results implicate two well-known neuropeptides associated with aggression and/or nutrient signaling across taxa, <i>Tachykinin </i>and <i>Neuropeptide-F</i>, as possible mediators of nutritionally-dependent intra-colony aggression. This adds to a growing understanding that deeply conserved genes associated with core, conserved behaviors such as feeding and aggression in solitary insects can play a role in the regulation of social plasticity in more highly social species.</p>
Resource competition shapes biological rhythms and promotes temporal niche differentiation in a community simulation
<p>This is the code and dataset for the article entitled "Resource competition shapes biological rhythms and promotes temporal niche differentiation in a community simulation," in the journal Ecology and Evolution.</p> <ul> <li>Competition for resources often contributes strongly to defining an organism's ecological niche. Endogenous biological rhythms are important adaptations to the temporal dimension of niches, but how other organisms influence such temporal niches have not been much studied, and the role of competition in particular has been even less examined. We investigated how interspecific and intraspecific competition for resources shape an organism's activity rhythms.</li> <li>To do this, we simulated communities of one or two species in an agent-based model. Individuals in the simulation move according to a circadian activity rhythm and compete for limited resources. Probability of reproduction is proportional to an individual's success in obtaining resources. Offspring may have variance in rhythm parameters, which allow for the population to evolve over time.</li> <li>We demonstrate that when organisms are arrhythmic, one species will always be competitively excluded from the environment, but the existence of activity rhythms allows niche differentiation and indefinite coexistence of the two species. Two species which are initially active at the same phase will differentiate their phase angle of entrainment over time to avoid each other. When only one species is present in an environment, competition within the species strongly selects for niche expansion through arrhythmicity, but the addition of an interspecific competitor facilitates evolution of increased rhythmic amplitude when combined with additional adaptations for temporal specialization. Finally, if individuals preferentially mate with others who are active at similar times of day, then disruptive selection by intraspecific competition can split one population into two reproductively isolated groups separated in activity time.</li> <li>These simulations suggest that biological rhythms are an effective method to temporally differentiate ecological niches, and that competition is an important ecological pressure promoting the evolution of rhythms and sleep. This is the first study to use ecological modeling to examine biological rhythms.</li> </ul>
Fig. 4 in Activity pattern and resource use of two Callosciurus species in different habitats in northeastern Thailand
Fig. 4. Observed positions of (a) Callosciurus finlaysonii and (b) C. caniceps.
Fig. 5 in Activity pattern and resource use of two Callosciurus species in different habitats in northeastern Thailand
Fig. 5. Frequency of observed height range of Callosciurus finlaysonii and C. caniceps.
Conditional natal dispersal provides a mechanism for populations tracking resource pulses after fire
<p>Animals that persist in spatially structured populations face the challenge of tracking the rise and fall of resources across space and time. To combat these challenges, theory predicts that species should use conditional dispersal strategies that allow them to emigrate from patches with declining resources and colonize new resource patches as they appear. We studied natal dispersal movements in the black-backed woodpecker (<i>Picoides arcticus</i>), a species known for its strong association with recent post-fire forests in western North America. We radio-tracked juveniles originating from seven burned areas and tested hypotheses that environmental and individual factors influence dispersal distance and emigration rates – investigating emigration while additionally accounting for imperfect detection with a novel Bayesian model. We found that juveniles were more likely to leave natal areas and disperse longer distances if they were heavier or hatched in older burned areas where resources are increasingly scarce. Juveniles were also more likely to leave their natal burn if they hatched in a nest closer to the fire perimeter. While dispersing across the landscape, black-backed woodpeckers selected for burned forest relative to unburned available habitat. Together, these results strongly support the hypothesis that black-backed woodpecker populations track resource pulses across fire-prone landscapes, with conditional natal dispersal acting as a mechanism for locating and colonizing newly burned areas. Lending empirical support to theoretical predictions, our findings suggest that changes in resource distribution may shape dispersal patterns and, consequently, the distribution and persistence of spatially structured populations. </p>
Fig. 3 in Is fish passage technology saving fish resources in the lower La Plata River basin?
Fig. 3. Percentage of target species in the right and left elevators in Yacyreta Dam.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.