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6,699 results for “DEPRESSION”
Metabolic depression in sea urchin barrens associated with food deprivation
<p>The proliferation of sea urchins can decimate macroalgal forests in coastal ecosystems, leading to persistent barren seascapes. While kelp forests are among the most productive ecosystems on the planet, productivity in these urchin barrens is dramatically reduced. Moreover, urchins inhabiting these food-depauperate barrens face starvation and many survive in these barrens for years or decades. Urchins in barrens can persist by eating food subsidies from drift algae, pelagic salps, tubeworms, as well as encrusting and filamentous algae, microbial mats, and slow-growing species resistant to herbivory. Despite both food from endogenous production and exogenous subsidies, many urchins in barrens likely experience prolonged food deprivation. This resource limitation may create a trade-off between reproduction and survival; for example, fecundity of purple sea urchins (<em>Strongylocentrotus purpuratus</em>) is 99.9% lower in barrens. Despite food constraints, red sea urchins (<em>Mesocentrotus franciscanus</em>), the dominant urchin species at our study sites, can live in excess of 100 years and barrens in Haida Gwaii, British Columbia (BC), Canada, have persisted for at least 143 years. While these phenomena are widespread and well documented, the bioenergetic adaptations that allow urchins to persist in these food-depauperate barrens remain poorly understood. To quantify habitat-specific differences in metabolic rates and energy reserves (as measured by gonadal mass), we conducted respirometry on and measured gonadal mass in <em>M. franciscanus</em> at three locations in BC inside and outside of adjacent kelp forest and barrens habitat. Here we demonstrate that <em>M. franciscanus</em> in barrens versus kelp forests have substantially lower energy reserves and, importantly, also exhibit dramatic reductions in size-specific resting metabolic rates (RMR), even after standardizing by metabolically active body mass. On average, gonadal mass was 44.6% lower and RMR scaled to metabolically active body mass was 40% lower in barrens urchins than in kelp forest urchins. Such a shift in metabolic rate may provide a mechanism that facilitates barren state stability over long time scales as <em>M. franciscanus</em> can lower energetic demands while they wait for small pulses of food, scrape by on low-productivity resources, and suppress recruitment of macroalgae for months, years, or decades.</p>
Subspecies and Distribution. S.a.adrianaeMolinarietal.,2017—allAndeanandcoastalMtsofVenezuela,except thoseEoftheUnareDepression;maybe,alsothroughoutEAndesRangeinColombia. S. a. caripana Molinari et al., 2017 — known from fourlocalities in the Turimiquire Massif, and from two localities in the neighboring Paria Peninsula; presumably, endemic to the Mts of NE Venezuela, E of the Unare Depression. in Phyllostomidae
Subspecies and Distribution. S.a.adrianaeMolinarietal.,2017—allAndeanandcoastalMtsofVenezuela,except thoseEoftheUnareDepression;maybe,alsothroughoutEAndesRangeinColombia. S. a. caripana Molinari et al., 2017 — known from fourlocalities in the Turimiquire Massif, and from two localities in the neighboring Paria Peninsula; presumably, endemic to the Mts of NE Venezuela, E of the Unare Depression.
Distribution. It ranges through temperate zone forests and paramos from the Cordillera Central in C Colombia through the Cordillera Oriental of Ecuador to the eastern Andean cloud forests in Peru, southward to Junin department. The exact range is unknown and there are obvious distributional gaps. One major natural gap is the dry forest south of the Huancabamba depression, which separates the northern population from the main Peruvian population. in Cervidae
Distribution. It ranges through temperate zone forests and paramos from the Cordillera Central in C Colombia through the Cordillera Oriental of Ecuador to the eastern Andean cloud forests in Peru, southward to Junin department. The exact range is unknown and there are obvious distributional gaps. One major natural gap is the dry forest south of the Huancabamba depression, which separates the northern population from the main Peruvian population.
Data from: Retinoic acid-induced protein 14 controls dendritic spine dynamics associated with depressive-like behaviors
<p><span>Dendritic spines are the central postsynaptic machinery that determines synaptic function. The F-actin within dendritic spines regulates their dynamic formation and elimination. Rai14 is an F‑actin-regulating protein with a membrane‑shaping function. Here, we identified the roles of Rai14 for the regulation of dendritic spine dynamics associated with stress-induced depressive-like behaviors. Rai14-deficient neurons failed to maintain a proper dendritic spine density in the <em>Rai14+/-</em> mouse brain, resulting in impaired functional synaptic activity. Rai14 was protected from degradation by complex formation with Tara, and accumulated in the dendritic spine neck, thereby enhancing spine maintenance. Concurrently, Rai14 deficiency in mice altered gene expression profile relevant to depressive conditions and increased depressive-like behaviors. Moreover, Rai14 expression was reduced in the prefrontal cortex of the mouse stress model, which was blocked by antidepressant treatment. Thus, we propose that Rai14-dependent regulation of dendritic spines may underlie the plastic changes of neuronal connections relevant to depressive-like behaviors.</span></p>
Distribution. SW Brazil, known only from two sites, the type locality in Rondonia and Juruena (Mato Grosso State)Descriptive notes Head-body ¢.230 mm, tail ¢.80 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Rondon's Tuco-tuco is medium-sized. Dorsal hairs are pale at bases and sepia at tips. Head and venterare slightly rufous, and tail is uniform brown. Skull is robust and depressed. Inter-maxillaries are also robust, with lateral protruding expansion; maxillaries are narrow; and mandible is strong and wide. Supraorbital process protrudes, and traverse occipital-temporal crest is straight. Bullae are inflated. in Ctenomyidae
Distribution. SW Brazil, known only from two sites, the type locality in Rondonia and Juruena (Mato Grosso State)Descriptive notes Head-body ¢.230 mm, tail ¢.80 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Rondon's Tuco-tuco is medium-sized. Dorsal hairs are pale at bases and sepia at tips. Head and venterare slightly rufous, and tail is uniform brown. Skull is robust and depressed. Inter-maxillaries are also robust, with lateral protruding expansion; maxillaries are narrow; and mandible is strong and wide. Supraorbital process protrudes, and traverse occipital-temporal crest is straight. Bullae are inflated.
Subspecies and Distribution. O.d.dauuricaPallas,1776—SEAltaiMtsandSTransbaikalia(Russia),Mongolia(exceptforUvsNuurDepression),andNChina(InnerMongolia=NeiMongolandNHebei). O.d.huangensisMatschie,1908—CChinaMtsfromNEQinghaitoShanxiandextremeWHenan. O. d. latibullata Sokolov et al., 1994 — Tuva (Russia) and Uvs Nuur Depression (NW Mongolia). in Ochotonidae
Subspecies and Distribution. O.d.dauuricaPallas,1776—SEAltaiMtsandSTransbaikalia(Russia),Mongolia(exceptforUvsNuurDepression),andNChina(InnerMongolia=NeiMongolandNHebei). O.d.huangensisMatschie,1908—CChinaMtsfromNEQinghaitoShanxiandextremeWHenan. O. d. latibullata Sokolov et al., 1994 — Tuva (Russia) and Uvs Nuur Depression (NW Mongolia).
Distribution. Main range from SE Altai and Tuva (S Russia), through Mongolian Great Lakes Depression, to Gobi Altai in W & S Mongolia, but also several enclaves located in E Mongolia, S Mongolia (Trans-Altai Gobi) and N China (Dzungarian and Southern Gobi in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia=Nei Mongol). in Ochotonidae
Distribution. Main range from SE Altai and Tuva (S Russia), through Mongolian Great Lakes Depression, to Gobi Altai in W & S Mongolia, but also several enclaves located in E Mongolia, S Mongolia (Trans-Altai Gobi) and N China (Dzungarian and Southern Gobi in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia=Nei Mongol).
Distribution. Kunlun Mts in Xinjiang and Qinghai, W China, in the Arkatag (= Przhewalskogo) and Bokalyktag (= Marco Polo) ranges and valleys between Kunlun and Altyn Tagh Mts (= Altun Shan or Aerjin Shan), including Aqqikkol Lake depression. in Ochotonidae
Distribution. Kunlun Mts in Xinjiang and Qinghai, W China, in the Arkatag (= Przhewalskogo) and Bokalyktag (= Marco Polo) ranges and valleys between Kunlun and Altyn Tagh Mts (= Altun Shan or Aerjin Shan), including Aqqikkol Lake depression.
Depression, anxiety and stress in chronic otitis media
<p><strong>Purpose</strong>: Persistent symptoms of chronic otitis media cause limitations in daily routine and social interactions, significantly influencing patients' quality of life and mental health. The purpose of the study was to assess the intensity of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in patients with chronic otitis media and to examine if patient demographic data, characteristics, and reported symptoms of otitis influence reported depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms.</p> <p><strong>Material and Methods</strong>: The study included 316 adult patients diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral chronic otitis media with or without cholesteatoma. Patients underwent a complete otological, audiological and radiological assessment. Chronic otitis media questionnaire 12 (COMQ-12) was used to assess the impact of COM and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) was used for depression, anxiety, and stress assessment.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Some levels of anxiety and stress were detected in 70.57% and 49.37% of the patients, respectively. 13.29% of the patients had scores indicating depression disorder. The mean value of the COMQ-12 questionnaire for this group of patients was 26.24 (SD±11.47) More intense symptoms of COM were significantly associated (p<0.05) with higher scores on DASS-21 subscales. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that significant positive predictors of higher anxiety scores were pure tone average (PTA) on the better and worse hearing ear (p<0.05). Drainage from the ear, hearing problems at home, and tinnitus were significant positive predictors of a higher DASS-depression score. (p<0.05).</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The study confirmed a positive correlation between reported levels of anxiety, depression, and stress, the severity of COM symptoms, and quality of life. Levels of hearing in the better and worse hearing ear were significant positive predictors of anxiety and stress in patients with COM.</p>
Distribution. Restricted to three small isolated areas in the lower Amur River Basin of Russian Far East (Upper Bureya River Depression, Chukchagyr-Evoron lakes Depression, adjacent parts of Amgun River Valley, and Upper Zeya River Depression). in Cricetidae
Distribution. Restricted to three small isolated areas in the lower Amur River Basin of Russian Far East (Upper Bureya River Depression, Chukchagyr-Evoron lakes Depression, adjacent parts of Amgun River Valley, and Upper Zeya River Depression).
Subspecies and Distribution. P.r.roborovski:Satunin,1903—Russia(STuva),NW&SMongolia,andChina(NE&SXinjiang,Gansu,Qinghai,InnerMongolia[=NeiMongol],Ningxia,NShaanxi,NShanxi,andNHebei). P.r.praedilectusMori,1930—China(EInnerMongolia,NWJilin,andNLiaoning). P. r. przewalski Vorontsov & Kryukova, 1969 — Kazakhstan (E part of Zaysan Depression in East Kazakhstan Region) and China (NW Xinjiang). in Cricetidae
Subspecies and Distribution. P.r.roborovski:Satunin,1903—Russia(STuva),NW&SMongolia,andChina(NE&SXinjiang,Gansu,Qinghai,InnerMongolia[=NeiMongol],Ningxia,NShaanxi,NShanxi,andNHebei). P.r.praedilectusMori,1930—China(EInnerMongolia,NWJilin,andNLiaoning). P. r. przewalski Vorontsov & Kryukova, 1969 — Kazakhstan (E part of Zaysan Depression in East Kazakhstan Region) and China (NW Xinjiang).
Distribution. Sunda area from the Surat Thani-Krabi depression in peninsular Thailand (8-9? N) SE through Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Bangka, and Borneo; apparently native to offshore islets of Pinang (W coast of Peninsular Malaysia), Tioman (E coast of Peninsular Malaysia), and Batam (Riau Archipelago off the S tip of Peninsular Malaysia). It is thought to have been introduced to other offshore islets. in Cercopithecidae
Distribution. Sunda area from the Surat Thani-Krabi depression in peninsular Thailand (8-9? N) SE through Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Bangka, and Borneo; apparently native to offshore islets of Pinang (W coast of Peninsular Malaysia), Tioman (E coast of Peninsular Malaysia), and Batam (Riau Archipelago off the S tip of Peninsular Malaysia). It is thought to have been introduced to other offshore islets.
Distribution. NE India (S of the Brahmaputra River in the states of Assam, E Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland & Tripura), extending SE through E Bangladesh and Myanmar (including the Mergui Archipelago), S China (SW Yunnan Province), Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia; S to the Surat Thani/Krabi depression in peninsular Thailand (8-9° N). The lack of records in C and NE Myanmar between 20° N and 25° N suggests that this may be a natural gap in the distribution of the Northern Pig-tailed Macaque. in Cercopithecidae
Distribution. NE India (S of the Brahmaputra River in the states of Assam, E Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland & Tripura), extending SE through E Bangladesh and Myanmar (including the Mergui Archipelago), S China (SW Yunnan Province), Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia; S to the Surat Thani/Krabi depression in peninsular Thailand (8-9° N). The lack of records in C and NE Myanmar between 20° N and 25° N suggests that this may be a natural gap in the distribution of the Northern Pig-tailed Macaque.
Acupuncture and Acupressure with Improved Cancer-Related Depression of Retrospective Studies
<p>Figure S1: Forest chart of SAS, PS1I, QOL; Figure S2: Forest chart of Patient self-rated functional scale; Figure S3: Forest chart of Karnofsky Performance Status Scale.</p>
Data for: Molecular and clinicopathological differences between depressed and protruded T2 colorectal cancer
<p><strong><span>Background</span></strong></p> <p><span>Colorectal cancer (CRC) can be classified into four consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) according to genomic aberrations and gene expression profiles. CMS is expected to be useful in predicting prognosis and selecting chemotherapy regimens. However, there are still no reports on the relationship between the morphology and CMS. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods</span></strong></p> <p><span>This retrospective study included 55 subjects with T2 CRC undergoing surgical resection, of whom 30 had the depressed type and 25 the protruded type. In the classification of the CMS, we first defined cases with deficient mismatch repair as CMS1. And then, CMS2/3 and CMS4 were classified using an online classifier developed by Trinh et al. The staining intensity of CDX2, HTR2B, FRMD6, ZEB1, and KER and the percentage contents of CDX2, FRMD6, and KER are input into the classifier to obtain automatic output classifying the specimen as CMS2/3 or CMS4.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Results</span></strong></p> <p><span>According to the results yielded by the online classifier, of the 30 depressed-type cases, 15 (50%) were classified as CMS2/3 and 15 (50%) as CMS4. Of the 25 protruded-type cases, 3 (12%) were classified as CMS1 and 22 (88%) as CMS2/3. All of the T2 CRCs classified as CMS4 were depressed CRCs. More malignant pathological findings such as lymphatic invasion were associated with the depressed rather than protruded T2 CRC cases.</span></p>
Data from: Inbreeding, inbreeding depression and infidelity in a cooperatively-breeding bird
Inbreeding depression plays a major role in shaping mating systems: in particular, inbreeding avoidance is often proposed as a mechanism explaining extra-pair reproduction in socially-monogamous species. This suggestion relies on assumptions which are rarely comprehensively tested: that inbreeding depression is present, that higher kinship between social partners increases infidelity, and that infidelity reduces the frequency of inbreeding. Here, we test these assumptions using 26 years of data for a cooperatively-breeding, socially-monogamous bird with high female infidelity, the superb fairy-wren (Malurus cyaneus). Although inbred individuals were rare (~6% of offspring), we found evidence of inbreeding depression in nestling mass (but not in fledgling survival). Mother-son social pairings resulted in 100% infidelity, but kinship between a social pair did not otherwise predict female infidelity. Nevertheless, extra-pair offspring were less likely to be inbred than within-pair offspring. Finally, the social environment (the number of helpers in a group) did not affect offspring inbreeding coefficients or inbreeding depression levels. In conclusion, despite some agreement with the assumptions that are necessary for inbreeding avoidance to drive infidelity, the apparent scarcity of inbreeding events and the observed levels of inbreeding depression seem insufficient to explain the ubiquitous infidelity in this system, beyond the mother-son mating avoidance.
Association between depression and sarcopenia in patients with heart failure
<p>Dataset for Association between depression and sarcopenia in patients with heart failure.</p>
Data from: Inbreeding depression changes with stress response over time in flooded Mimulus guttatus
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Inbreeding usually reduces offspring fitness (‘inbreeding depression’, ID), and may affect the plasticity of functional traits involved in the response to stress. ID is often found to increase under stress, but there are also reports of no effects or even a reduction of ID under stress. One reason for this variation that has received little attention may be related to different concepts of stress. In particular, the magnitude of ID may be unrelated to the effect of an environment on fitness (evolutionary stress concept), but increase particularly during the ‘alarm phase’ after a stress has been initiated (physiological stress concept). We clonally replicated inbred and outbred <em>Mimulus guttatus</em> plants, for which ID was known to increase under flooding. We exposed the clonal replicates to control and flooding conditions and harvested replicates of each genotype after two, six and 11 weeks of growth. As functional traits related to stress response we measured chlorophyll fluorescence, root mass and the production of stolons and adventitious roots. As fitness estimates we measured biomass and flower number, and we pollinated a subset of plants and grew a second generation of plants under control and flooding conditions to calculate multiplicative fitness. Overall, <em>M. guttatus</em> proved to be very flooding-tolerant. Chlorophyll fluorescence (F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub>) was not influenced by flooding, but decreased with leaf age and increased after fertilization. At the end of the experiment, biomass and flower number (F<sub>1</sub> generation) as well as multiplicative fitness (including performance in the F<sub>2</sub> generation) were even higher under flooding than under control conditions. Flooding reduced the root mass in the pots, but increased the production of stolons and floating roots. Plasticity in these traits can be regarded as beneficial, although selection gradient analysis failed to identify plasticity in stolon number as adaptive. Only two functional traits were influenced by an interaction between flooding and inbreeding, early stolon length (suggesting a reduced flooding escape response of inbred plants) and root tissue density of floating adventitious roots (suggesting a reduced aeration of the roots of inbred offspring). ID in fitness-related traits was higher under flooding, but its magnitude changed strongly over the course of the experiment. ID under flooding was particularly high after two weeks (δ = 0.42 vs. 0.05 in the control), suggesting sensitivity of inbred plants to the initiation of flooding (‘alarm phase’ of stress response). This effect had disappeared after 6 weeks when plants had acclimated to ongoing flooding. However, under flooding ID increased again after 11 weeks, this time because outbred plants grew much better under flooded than control conditions, and the same pattern was found for the multiplicative fitness function (δ = 0.68 under flooding vs. 0.36 in the control). Our results suggest that ID was higher under flooding, but not because this environment was generally more stressful. Instead, at an early stage ID increased because inbred offspring was more sensitive to the physiological stress after the initiation of flooding (‘alarm phase’), whereas at a late stage ID increased because outbred offspring was more capable of exploiting the favourable flooding conditions. In general, our results show that phenotypic plasticity may often be robust against the effects of inbreeding. Moreover, ID may increase in particular under conditions of physiological stress, during which many stress-specific genes are expressed, whereas ID may not necessarily increase under constant poor conditions that reduce fitness, even if the stress is very strong in the evolutionary sense.</p>
Predictors of depression, anxiety and stress indicators in a cohort of women with chronic pelvic pain data set
<p>Data set for submission of paper 'Predictors of depression, anxiety and stress indicators in a cohort of women with chronic pelvic pain'</p>
Predictors of depression, anxiety and stress indicators in a cohort of women with chronic pelvic pain - data set 2
<p>Data set for PPSA study - 2. A second data set was created for the PPSA study publication to isolate variables of interest to make the statistics manageable, due to the sheer number of variables in the initial data set </p>
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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