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22,549 results for “AND LTER”
GCE-LTER Hammock Well Vegetation and Invertebrate Monitoring - August 2010
In July 2008 the GCE LTER program selected two hammocks for intensive study: HN_i_1 and PC_i_29. HN_i_1 is of Holocene origin and is located adjacent to Blackbeard Island to the north of Sapelo Island, Georgia. PC_i_29 is also of Holocene origin and is located adjacent to the south end of Sapelo Island. These hammocks are of similar size, with similar vegetation zones in the high marsh environment. Groundwater well transects were established that run from the upland, through the marsh, and up and over the upland area of each hammock. Two permanent plots were established at each well in order to characterize the plant and invertebrate diversity and abundance by surveying plots once a year. This data set includes the results of August 2010 monitoring studies.
GCE-LTER Hammock Well Vegetation and Invertebrate Monitoring - January 2012
In July 2008 the GCE LTER program selected two hammocks for intensive study: HN_i_1 and PC_i_29. HN_i_1 is of Holocene origin and is located adjacent to Blackbeard Island to the north of Sapelo Island, Georgia. PC_i_29 is also of Holocene origin and is located adjacent to the south end of Sapelo Island. These hammocks are of similar size, with similar vegetation zones in the high marsh environment. Groundwater well transects were established that run from the upland, through the marsh, and up and over the upland area of each hammock. Two permanent plots were established at each well in order to characterize the plant and invertebrate diversity and abundance by surveying plots once a year. This data set includes the results of January 2012 monitoring studies.
GCE-LTER Hammock Well Vegetation and Invertebrate Monitoring - July 2012
In July 2008 the GCE LTER program selected two hammocks for intensive study: HN_i_1 and PC_i_29. HN_i_1 is of Holocene origin and is located adjacent to Blackbeard Island to the north of Sapelo Island, Georgia. PC_i_29 is also of Holocene origin and is located adjacent to the south end of Sapelo Island. These hammocks are of similar size, with similar vegetation zones in the high marsh environment. Groundwater well transects were established that run from the upland, through the marsh, and up and over the upland area of each hammock. Two permanent plots were established at each well in order to characterize the plant and invertebrate diversity and abundance by surveying plots once a year. This data set includes the results of July 2012 monitoring studies.
Summer 2007 survey of plant presence and abundance at fifty-five GCE LTER Hammock sites and five GCE marsh monitoring sites
Presence and abundance of plant species was determined at the six permanent monitoring transects within fifty-six GCE LTER hammock sites and five GCE LTER study sites in June-July 2007. Plant presence was determined by placing a 1 m x 1 m qaudrat at two meters from the upland border of the study site’s permanent monitoring transect and noting all species present. In the center of the quadrat, an additional 0.5 m x 0.5 m qudarat was placed to determine percent cover of each species. Plant height was also measured and recorded that the four corners of the 0.5 m x 0.5 m qudarat.
Population Study of Geukensia demissa and Ilyanassa obsoleta at the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER site in April 2008
During the dates of April 21-April 23, 2008, we conducted surveys to determine the relative abundance of ribbed mussels (Geukensia demissa) and mud snails (Ilyanassa obsoleta) across Spartina height zones. Surveys were performed at each of the GCE long term sites (GCE1-GCE10) and were comprised of transect and quadrat sampling methods. Quadrats measured 25 cm^2 for mud snails and 1 m^2 for ribbed mussels. Ribbed mussel surveys consisted of both transect and quadrat methods. For ribbed mussels, a total of 10 quadrats were randomly placed in tall-, mid-, and short-form Spartina and number of visible mussels counted. Transects for ribbed mussels measured 50 m x 2 m and were performed in intermediate- and short-form Spartina zones. In each transect, we counted observed number of mussel clumps per transect. For mud snails, a total of 10 quadrats were randomly placed in tall- and intermediate-form Spartina and on mud banks (2 m from Spartina edge along the creek bank) and total number of individuals per quadrat were counted.
Soil salinity at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2013
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2013 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water.
Soil salinity at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2014
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2014 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water.
Groundwater well pressure, temperature, conductance, salinity and oxygen measurements for GCE-LTER study hammock HN_i_1 from 30-Oct-2008 to 03-Dec-2013
Groundwater pressure, temperature and other parameters (e.g. conductance, salinity, oxygen and pH) were measured using various instruments installed in PVC wells at the GCE-LTER HN_i_1 holocene study hammock from 30-Oct-2008 to 03-Dec-2013. Observations were logged continuously at 15 minute intervals, and accumulated data were downloaded from loggers using manufacturer-provided communications software semi-monthly, then imported into MATLAB for post-processing, quality control and documention. Raw, unvented pressure readings were corrected for atmospheric pressure and sensor height from the bottom of the well to generate corrected pressure readings. Separate data tables are provided for each combination of instrument and well due to differences in parameters measured and post-processing steps, but all tables include detailed information on location and well characteristics to support integration and analysis. These data were collected as part of the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Intensive Hammock Characterization and Hammock Groundwater Modeling projects, and will be used for groundwater modeling studies at two marsh hammocks on Sapelo Island, Georgia.
Groundwater well pressure, temperature, conductance, salinity and oxygen measurements for GCE-LTER study hammock PC_i_29 from 15-Aug-2008 to 13-Dec-2013
Groundwater pressure, temperature and other parameters (e.g. conductance, salinity, oxygen and pH) were measured using various instruments installed in PVC wells at the GCE-LTER PC_i_29 pleistocene study hammock from 15-Aug-2008 to 13-Dec-2013. Observations were logged continuously at 15 minute intervals, and accumulated data were downloaded from loggers using manufacturer-provided communications software semi-monthly, then imported into MATLAB for post-processing, quality control and documention. Raw, unvented pressure readings were corrected for atmospheric pressure and sensor height from the bottom of the well to generate corrected pressure readings. Separate data tables are provided for each combination of instrument and well due to differences in parameters measured and post-processing steps, but all tables include detailed information on location and well characteristics to support integration and analysis. These data were collected as part of the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Intensive Hammock Characterization and Hammock Groundwater Modeling projects, and will be used for groundwater modeling studies at two marsh hammocks on Sapelo Island, Georgia.
High frequency sediment surface temperature measurements at GCE-LTER study hammock PC_i_29 from 15-Aug-2008 to 24-Sep-2012
Sediment surface temperature was recorded at 5 minute intervals adjacent to 7 groundwater wells installed at the GCE-LTER study hammock PC_i_29 on Sapelo Island, Georgia, from 15-Aug-2008 to 24-Sep-2012. Temperature was measured using Onset Hobo Tidbit temperature loggers that were placed onto the surface of the sediment in shallow PVC enclosures to protect against solar radiation. Data were downloaded from the logger and processed using the manufacturer's software, then imported into MATLAB for post-processing, quality control and documention. Individual data tables were created for each location to minimize file size for analysis, but complete location and deployment information are included in each table to facilitate integration. These data were collected as part of the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Intensive Hammock Characterization project to illucidate the timing of marsh inundation, and will be used for groundwater modeling studies at two marsh hammocks on Sapelo Island, Georgia.
Fall 2014 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in August 2014. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
Fall 2015 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in July 2015. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
Fall 2016 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in August 2016. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
Baseline soil chemistry data measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx)
SALTEx (Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment) is a field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots, each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. Soils were destructively sampled before the beginning of the experiment (March 2014) and after approximately 3 years of treatments (December 2016) and analyzed for bulk density, percent carbon, percent nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, available nitrate, and available ammonium.
Soil surface temperature measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) Project
SALTEx (Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment) is a field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots, each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. We are measuring soil surface temperature in the plots as one of the response variables for the SALTEx project.
Green algae, cyanobacteria and diatom concentrations from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) Project
SALTEx (Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment) is a field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots , each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. We are measuring the abundance of benthic algae with a BenthoTorch as one of the response variables for the SALTEx project.
Fall 2017 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in July and August 2017. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
Continuous soil temperature measurements at 10 cm depth from 3 month-long deployments in summer and winter within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research (GCE-LTER) site in 2017 and 2018
To understand the influence of marsh elevation and flooding on soil temperature in Spartina alterniflora marsh, we measured soil temperature at 10 cm depth along two transects that spanned a marsh edge to interior gradient. We then associated those measurements with elevation, creek water height and vegetation characteristics. Soil temperature was logged every 15 min with a Hobo Onset Tidbit Pendant Temperature probe in Spartina alterniflora-dominated marsh near the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems Long Term Ecological Research (GCE-LTER) eddy covariance flux tower. Measurements were collected along two transects of approximately 250 m in length from 18 plots (transect 1) or 20 plots (transect 2) and over 3 sample deployments of approximately 1 month in length: 27 Jul – 31 Aug 2017 (transect 1), 8 Jan – 13 Feb 2018 (transect 1) and 23 Aug – 18 Sep 2018 (transect 2). Plot elevations along each transect were measured with a Trimble R6 RTK after probes were installed in the marsh. Creek water heights were estimated with the pressure transducer associated with the GCE-LTER eddy covariance flux tower data. Spartina alterniflora height forms were measured for each sample station during August as the mean of all stem heights within 0.25 m quadrants centered over each soil probe location. While these data are 24 hr soil temperature measurements, during all three deployments, we found that daily mean soil temperature was negatively correlated with marsh elevation on the marsh platform during low tide conditions, which represented the majority of the observations.
GCE-LTER Altamaha River Plant Community Monitoring Survey in October 2018
A quadrat survey was conducted in October 2018 to measure the species and size distribution of plants at 3 sampling sites on the creekbank of the Altamaha River. The sites were chosen to capture the transition from Spartina alterniflora to Spartina cynosuroides (site SCSA) and the transition from Spartina cynosuroides to Zizaniopsis miliacea (sites ZSC1 and ZSC2). The quadrats were established as permanent plots in October 2012 by placing PVC stakes along the creekbank at each site. Plots were evenly spaced, but were not randomly located because the goal was to start with mixtures of vegetation in most of the plots, and vegetation was distributed in patches along the creekbanks. Therefore, these plots provide useful measures of vegetation change, but are not a random sample of the vegetation at the site. Plots will be replaced each year as necessary to replace any lost to disturbance. The plots were visually surveyed and the species, shoot height, and flowering status was recorded individually for each shoot over 10 cm in height present in each plot. Observations from plots exhibiting signs of disturbance were noted in a separate data set. This survey will be repeated annually to assess changes in plant distribution and biomass in relation to environmental changes documented by other GCE LTER monitoring efforts.
Fall 2018 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in July 2018. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
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