Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in Comparative phenology and cohort survival of beech scale (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in part of its native range (Caucasus Mountains, Georgia) and in an invaded area (Massachusetts, USA)

Fig. 1. Sites in Georgia where studies were conducted. Site 1 (Gulelebi Forest) was used in 2011 for the phenology observations, and sites 2 (Gombori) and 3 (Lagodekhi) were used for the cohort survival experiment in 2012.

Fig. 5 in A geometric morphometric study of the wing shapes of Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from the Qinling Mountains and adjacent regions: An environmental and distance-based consideration

Fig. 5. Hind wing shape variation (CV1: 50.41%; CV2: 15.49%). The colored circles in the image above represent the average discrete point center of populations; the number is the population ID. Thin-plate spline analysis results are shown by colored grid, which represents wing shape deformation. The numbers on the grid are landmarks of wings. Blue color denotes contraction between landmarks, and red color indicates expansion between landmarks. The North group and South group correspond to the boundary of Qinling Mountains as the boundary between northern and southern China.

Fig. 4 in A geometric morphometric study of the wing shapes of Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from the Qinling Mountains and adjacent regions: An environmental and distance-based consideration

Fig. 4. Forewing shape variation (CV1: 46.68%; CV2: 14.88%). The colored circles in the image above represent the average discrete point centers of populations; the number is the population ID. Thin-plate spline analysis results are shown by colored grid, which represents wing shape deformation. The numbers on the grid are landmarks of wings. Blue colored notes contraction between landmarks, and red color indicates expansion between landmarks. The North group and South group correspond to the boundary of Qinling Mountains as the boundary between northern and southern China.

Fig. 1 in A geometric morphometric study of the wing shapes of Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from the Qinling Mountains and adjacent regions: An environmental and distance-based consideration

Fig. 1. Distribution map of the P. rapae populations studied and the integrated physical regionalization (diverse environments) in the Qinling Mountains and adjacent regions. Note: The numbers represent the IDs of the populations; the circles and groups represent the populations divided by the cluster analysis from Fig. 6.

Fig. 3 in A geometric morphometric study of the wing shapes of Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from the Qinling Mountains and adjacent regions: An environmental and distance-based consideration

Fig. 3. Boxplot of P. rapae centroid size (CS) with the mean, standard error, and standard deviation illustrating variations in wing size across geographical populations.

Fig. 6 in A geometric morphometric study of the wing shapes of Pieris rapae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from the Qinling Mountains and adjacent regions: An environmental and distance-based consideration

Fig. 6. UPGMA tree of P. rapae forewing and hind wing among different populations, based on Euclidian distances between mean wing shapes. The cluster numbers are population IDs (see Table 1).The groups are divided by Euclidian distances, i.e., the forewing divided by a linkage distance at 0.0027 and the hind wing by a linkage distance at 0.0038.

opencc-zeroJun 2024View details →

Extracting Ridge and Valley Lines in Mountainous Areas from Airborne Lidar Data by Utilizing Line Feature Strength

Background: DEMs (digital elevation models) are very important in many fields, such as in Geomatics and in water conservation of mountainous areas etc. Geomorphic feature lines are necessary data for the topography interpolation and computation from DEMs. Methods: Instead of the parameter space, we propose a novel automatic extraction of Geomorphic feature lines in the feature space from discrete airborne LiDAR (Light detection and ranging) data by TVM (tensor voting method) developed originally for image data in this article. A tensor field for discrete airborne LiDAR points is first established and then utilizing the TVM, a new geometric feature metric of data, the line feature strength, was captured. A practical line growing method based on the local maximum line feature strength is proposed in the article. Results: Compared with the general line growing that is based on a certain threshold, our line growing method is quite effective, in particular for the extraction of primary and minor ridge and valley lines in mountainous areas. Conclusions: The method presented in this paper is fast and automated and can furnish operators with a wealth of detailed information about minor line features. This will enable the extraction of ridge and valley lines tailored to specific requirements. It is no doubt that the method developed here can be generalized to a large amount of Lidar data.

Fig. 9 in A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA

Fig. 9. Scapulocoracoids and scapulae of sauropod dinosaurs, scaled to same length of scapular blade from posterior point of glenoid to posterior margin of blade. A. Mamenchisaurus youngi Young and Zhao, 1972, holotype ZDM0083, left scapulocoracoid, modified from Ouyang and Ye (2002: fig. 22). B. Diplodocus longus Hatcher, 1901, USNM 10865, right scapulocoracoid reversed, photograph by MPT. C. Camarasaurus supremus Cope, 1877, AMNH 5761 Sc. 1, left scapula, and AMNH 5761 Cor. 1, left coracoid, probably associated, modified from Osborn and Mook (1921: figs. 75, 81a). D. Giraffatitan brancai (Janensch, 1914), HMN Sa 9, left scapula, modified from Janensch (1961: pl. 15: 1). E. Rapetosaurus krausi Curry Rogers and Forster, 2001, holotype FMNH PR 2209, right scapula reversed, modified from Curry Rogers (2009: fig. 32). F. Brontomerus mcintoshi gen. et sp. nov. OMNH 27761, left scapula, tentatively reconstructed after Giraffatitan brancai.

Fig. 5 in A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA

Fig. 5. Damaged presacral vertebra of the camarasauromorph sauropod Brontomerus mcintoshi gen. et sp. nov. from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah, OMNH 66429, in dorsal view, as photograph (A) and interpretive drawing (B). Shading indicates air spaces.

Fig. 7 in A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA

Fig. 7. First right dorsal rib of the camarasauromorph sauropod Brontomerus mcintoshi gen. et sp. nov. from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah, OMNH 27766 in posterior view: head of rib, showing pneumatic invasion of shaft (A) and complete rib, showing laterally directed curvature of shaft (B).

Fig. 2 in A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA

Fig. 2. Left ilium of the camarasauromorph sauropod Brontomerus mcintoshi gen. et sp. nov. from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah, type specimen OMNH 66430 in lateral view reconstructed from the three fragments (A), and ventral view (B).

Fig. 3 in A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA

Fig. 3. Ilia of sauropod dinosaurs, scaled to same total length. A. Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis Young and Zhao, 1972, holotype CCG V 20401, right ilium reversed, modified from Young and Zhao (1972: pl. 6: 1a). B. Diplodocus carnegii Hatcher, 1901, CM 94, right ilium reversed, modified from Hatcher (1901: pl. 10: 1). C. Camarasaurus supremus Cope, 1877, AMNH 5761 Il. 1, left ilium, modified from Osborn and Mook (1921: fig. 87). D. Giraffatitan brancai (Janensch, 1914), HMN J1, left ilium, modified from Janensch (1961: pl. E: 2). E. Rapetosaurus krausi Curry Rogers and Forster, 2001, holotype FMNH PR 2209, left ilium, modified from Curry Rogers (2009: fig. 39B). F. Brontomerus mcintoshi gen. et sp. nov. holotype OMNH 66430, left ilium.

Fig. 6 in A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA

Fig. 6. Mid−caudal vertebra of the camarasauromorph sauropod Brontomerus mcintoshi gen. et sp. nov. from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah, OMNH 61248 in dorsal (A), anterior (B), left lateral (C), posterior (D), and ventral (E) views.

Fig. 4 in A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA

Fig. 4. Measurement protocol for sauropod ilia as illustrated in Fig. 3 and shown in Table 4. Total length is measured along the longest axis of the ilium; lengths of preacetabular and postacetabular lobes are measured parallel to this axis, and extend from the extremity of the lobe to the anterior margin of the pubic peduncle and posterior margin of the ischiadic peduncle respectively. Supracetabular height is measured perpendicular to the longest axis, and extends from the highest point of the acetabulum to the point level with the highest part of the ilium.

Fig. 1 in A new sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah, USA

Fig. 1. Skeletal inventory of the camarasauromorph sauropod Brontomerus mcintoshi gen. et sp. nov. from the Lower Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah, in left lateral view. Preserved elements are white, missing elements are reconstructed in gray. After a Camarasaurus grandis reconstruction kindly provided by Scott Hartman.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Рис. 1. РаспреΑеΛение черношапочного сурка на обсΛеΑованной территории в бассейне р. СреΑний Сакукан на хребте КоΑар. ОбсΛеΑованные участки высокогорья заштрихованы in On the ecology of the Doppelmayer`s Black-capped marmot (Marmota camtschatica doppelmayeri Birula, 1922): Kodar Mountain Ridge, Transbaikalia, Russia

Рис. 1. РаспреΑеΛение черношапочного сурка на обсΛеΑованной территории в бассейне р. СреΑний Сакукан на хребте КоΑар. ОбсΛеΑованные участки высокогорья заштрихованы

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2023View details →

Рис. 2. Черношапочные сурки и их местообитания на хребте КоΑар: A — виΑ на ЦентраΛьный КоΑар и ΑоΛину р. СреΑний Сакукан; B — местообитание сурков поΑ переваΛом; C — местообитание сурков по берегам р. Того; D — местообитание сурков на вершине гребня, каΑр с фотоΛовушки; E — сурки; F — черношапочный сурок обΛизывает пΛасты каменного угΛя, каΑр из виΑеосъемки Fig. 2. Black-capped marmots and their habitats on the Kodar Ridge: A — view of the Central Kodar and the valley of the Middle Sakukan River; B — habitat of marmots under the mountain pass; C — habitat of marmots along the banks of the Togo River; D — marmot habitat at the top of the mountain ridge, camera trap frame; E — marmots; F — the black-capped marmot licks coal, freeze frame from video in On the ecology of the Doppelmayer`s Black-capped marmot (Marmota camtschatica doppelmayeri Birula, 1922): Kodar Mountain Ridge, Transbaikalia, Russia

Рис. 2. Черношапочные сурки и их местообитания на хребте КоΑар: A — виΑ на ЦентраΛьный КоΑар и ΑоΛину р. СреΑний Сакукан; B — местообитание сурков поΑ переваΛом; C — местообитание сурков по берегам р. Того; D — местообитание сурков на вершине гребня, каΑр с фотоΛовушки; E — сурки; F — черношапочный сурок обΛизывает пΛасты каменного угΛя, каΑр из виΑеосъемки Fig. 2. Black-capped marmots and their habitats on the Kodar Ridge: A — view of the Central Kodar and the valley of the Middle Sakukan River; B — habitat of marmots under the mountain pass; C — habitat of marmots along the banks of the Togo River; D — marmot habitat at the top of the mountain ridge, camera trap frame; E — marmots; F — the black-capped marmot licks coal, freeze frame from video

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2015View details →

Fig. 2 in Elevation and vegetation determine Cryptosporidium oocyst shedding by yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris) in the Sierra Nevada Mountains

Fig. 2. Association between Cryptosporidium oocyst shedding by yellow-bellied marmots in the Sierra Nevada Mountains and elevation (using 9,068 ft as the reference), stratified by presence or absence of vegetation at sites where scat samples were collected.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in Elevation and vegetation determine Cryptosporidium oocyst shedding by yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventris) in the Sierra Nevada Mountains

Fig. 1. Locations in the Sierra Nevada Mountains where scat samples from yellow-bellied marmot were collected. The map contains 14 locations, but some locations clustered together due to the shorter distances between them and the scale of the map. The cluster in Yosemite National Park includes Tenaya Creek, Bridaveil Creek, Pothole Dome, and Lembert Dome. The cluster at Mineral King includes Mineral King, Eagle Lake, White Chief Creek, and Elk Kaweah River.