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Boreal forest tower-based remote sensing data (solar-induced fluorescence and reflectance-based vegetation indices)
<p>Data includes remote sensing products from PhotoSpec (a scanning spectrometer) from August 2019-December 2021 at the Southern Old Black Spruce site in Saskatchewan Canada and the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) Delta Junction. We provide half-hourly averaged vegetation indices (NIRv, NDVI, PRI, CCI) and Solar-Induced Fluorescence (SIF) and for stand-representative targets. Additionally, we provide half-hourly Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR), a fraction of direct vs. diffuse radiation (Df), Air Temperature (Tair) and Gross Primary Productivity (GPP). </p>
Global data on crop nutrient concentration and harvest indices
<div> <div> <div> <p>Estimates of crop nutrient removal (as crop products and crop residues) are an important component of crop nutrient balances. Crop nutrient removal can be estimated through multiplication of the quantity of crop products or crop residues (removed) by the nutrient concentration of those crop products and crop residue components respectively. Data for quantities of crop products removed at a country level are available through FAOSTAT (<a href="https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/">https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/</a>), but equivalent data for quantities of crop residues are not available at a global level. However, quantities of crop residues can be estimated if the relationship between quantity of crop residues and crop products is known. Harvest index (HI) provides one such indication of the relationship between quantity of crop products and crop residues. HI is the proportion of above-ground biomass as crop products and can be used to estimate quantity of crop residues based on quantity of crop products. Previously, meta-analyses or surveys have been performed to estimate nutrient concentrations of crop products and crop residues and harvest indices (collectively known as crop coefficients). The challenges for using these coefficients in global nutrient balances include the representativeness of world regions or countries. Moreover, it may be unclear which countries or crop types are actually represented in the analyses of data. In addition, units used among studies differ which makes comparisons challenging. To overcome these challenges, data from meta-analyses and surveys were collated in one dataset with standardised units and referrals to the original region and crop names used by the sources of data. Original region and crop names were converted into internationally recognised names, and crop coefficients were summarised into two Tiers of data, representing the world (Tier 1, with single coefficient values for the world) and specific regions or countries of the world (Tier 2, with single coefficient values for each country). This dataset will aid both global and regional analyses for crop nutrient balances. </p> </div> </div> </div>
Data and code for reproducing analysis in 'Producing indicative allocations for Community Led Local Development funding in Scotland (2022-23)'
<p>The data and code in this folder can be used to reproduce work used to generate indicative allocations of Community Led Local Development funding (2022-23) to 21 Local Action Group (LAG) areas in Scotland. It accompanies a note ('Producing indicative allocations for Community Led Local Development funding in Scotland (2022-23)', <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7418862">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7418862</a>) providing an overview of the analysis and its key outputs.</p>
Figure 2 in Predatory mites, a green pesticide, and an entomopathogenic compound: A proposed IPM tactic based on pest species diversity indices and population dynamics
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the experiment's plantation and IPM methodology, C.n: Cydnoseius negevi, A.s: Amblyseius swirskii, and P.p Phytoseiulus persimilis. (Photo credits: Dr. Zidan has created this diagram on www.biorender.com).
Figure 1 in Predatory mites, a green pesticide, and an entomopathogenic compound: A proposed IPM tactic based on pest species diversity indices and population dynamics
Figure 1. Google Earth map photography of the experimental locations (pointed with pin) – i) Om Sabir, Kom Hamada, El Beheira Governorate (30° 29' 50.6" N, 30° 46' 18.8" E), and ii) Kom Oshim, Fayoum Governorate (29° 34' 40.9" N, 30° 55' 38.3" E).
Data for: Frond orientations with independent current indicators demonstrate the reclining rheotropic mode of life of several Ediacaran rangeomorph taxa
<p>Fossils from the deep-sea Ediacaran biotas of Newfoundland are among the oldest architecturally complex soft-bodied macroorganisms on Earth. Most organisms in the Mistaken Point-type biotas of Avalonia — particularly the fractal-branching frondose Rangeomorpha — have been traditionally interpreted as living erect within the water column during life. However, due to the scarcity of documented physical sedimentological proxies associated with fossiliferous beds, Ediacaran paleocurrents have been inferred in some instances from the preferential orientation of fronds. This calls into question the relationship between frond orientation and paleocurrents. In this study, we present an integrated approach from a newly described fossiliferous surface (the "Melrose Surface" in the Fermeuse Formation at Melrose, on the southern portion of the Catalina Dome in the Discovery UNESCO Global Geopark) combining: (1) physical sedimentological evidence for paleocurrent direction in the form of climbing ripple cross lamination, and (2) a series of statistical analyses based on modified polythetic and monothetic clustering techniques reflecting the circular nature of the recorded orientation of <em>Fractofusus</em> <em>misrai</em> specimens. This study demonstrates the reclining rheotropic mode of life of the Ediacaran rangeomorph taxon <em>Fractofusus</em> <em>misrai</em> and presents preliminary inferences suggesting a similar mode of life for <em>Bradgatia</em> sp. and <em>Pectinifrons</em> <em>abyssalis</em> based on qualitative evidence. These results advocate for the consideration of an alternative conceptual hypothesis for the position of life of Ediacaran organisms in which they are interpreted as having lived reclined on the seafloor, in the position that they are preserved.</p>
New indicators of ecological resilience and invasion resistance to support prioritization and management in the sagebrush biome, United States
<p>Ecosystem transformations to altered or novel ecological states are accelerating across the globe. Indicators of ecological resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasion can aid in assessing risks and prioritizing areas for conservation and restoration. The sagebrush biome encompasses parts of 11 western states and is experiencing rapid transformations due to human population growth, invasive species, altered disturbance regimes, and climate change. We built on prior use of static soil moisture and temperature regimes to develop new, ecologically relevant and climate-responsive indicators of both resilience and resistance. Our new indicators were based on climate and soil water availability variables derived from process-based ecohydrological models that allow predictions of future conditions. We asked: (1) Which variables best indicate resilience and resistance? (2) What are the relationships among the indicator variables and resilience and resistance categories? (3) How do patterns of resilience and resistance vary across the area? We assembled a large database (n = 24,045) of vegetation sample plots from regional monitoring programs and derived multiple climate and soil water availability variables for each plot from ecohydrological simulations. We used USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service National Soils Survey Information, Ecological Site Descriptions, and expert knowledge to develop and assign ecological types and resilience and resistance categories to each plot. We used random forest models to derive a set of 19 climate and water availability variables that best predicted resilience and resistance categories. Our models had relatively high multiclass accuracy (80% for resilience; 75% for resistance). Top indicator variables for both resilience and resistance included mean temperature, coldest month temperature, climatic water deficit, and summer and driest month precipitation. Variable relationships and patterns differed among ecoregions but reflected environmental gradients; low resilience and resistance were indicated by warm and dry conditions with high climatic water deficits, and moderately high to high resilience and resistance were characterized by cooler and moister conditions with low climatic water deficits. The new, ecologically-relevant indicators provide information on the vulnerability of resources and likely success of management actions and can be used to develop new approaches and tools for prioritizing areas for conservation and restoration actions.</p>
Text-fig. 42. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c, d, f–g) images of "Tricarpellate flower sp. 1"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Flower bud in two different lateral views showing semiinferior ovary and perianth; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0340) through flower bud in (a and b) showing the semi-inferior gynoecium and perigynous insertion of other floral parts; d) Volume rendering of flower bud with pedicel preserved; note the depression/split in one of the corner apparently separating two perianth lobes of the outer perianth whorl (t-o) and exposing one tepal of the inner whorl (t-i); e) Flower bud with pedicel preserved; note broad tepals of the outer whorl (t-o) and tepal of the inner whorl abraded exposing a broad stamen (st); f, g) Transverse sections through flower bud in (a and b) at two different levels above the insertion of the perianth (f, rec-file 1310; g, xy0280) showing the trimerous organization of the flower and the free, laterally flattened carpels; yellow indicates the two whorls of the androecium, each with three stamens. Specimens, Catefica 50-S171520 (a–c, f), Catefica 50-S174902 (d), Catefica MM154-P0271 (e), Catefica 49-S175354 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 42. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, e) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c, d, f–g) images of "Tricarpellate flower sp. 1"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Flower bud in two different lateral views showing semiinferior ovary and perianth; c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0340) through flower bud in (a and b) showing the semi-inferior gynoecium and perigynous insertion of other floral parts; d) Volume rendering of flower bud with pedicel preserved; note the depression/split in one of the corner apparently separating two perianth lobes of the outer perianth whorl (t-o) and exposing one tepal of the inner whorl (t-i); e) Flower bud with pedicel preserved; note broad tepals of the outer whorl (t-o) and tepal of the inner whorl abraded exposing a broad stamen (st); f, g) Transverse sections through flower bud in (a and b) at two different levels above the insertion of the perianth (f, rec-file 1310; g, xy0280) showing the trimerous organization of the flower and the free, laterally flattened carpels; yellow indicates the two whorls of the androecium, each with three stamens. Specimens, Catefica 50-S171520 (a–c, f), Catefica 50-S174902 (d), Catefica MM154-P0271 (e), Catefica 49-S175354 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e).
Text-fig. 7. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a–c, e, f) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, d) images of fruits and pollen grains of Hedyflora crystallifera; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Lateral view of fruits showing the remains of apical tepals and remains of the hypanthium, which is thicker on the edges of the fruit in (b) (arrows); c) Detail of hypanthium surface between the thickenings on the edges of the fruit showing polygonal cells with a central papilla; d) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0600) of fruit and seed showing the finely crystalliferous endotesta (arrowhead) and sclerified outer tegmen (asterisk); e) Distal view of pollen grain from surface of fruit showing the poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture (daggers indicating the four arms of the aperture) and semi-tectate, reticulate tectum; f) Detail of pollen wall showing narrow muri with indistinctly beaded surface ornamentation of minute verrucae in poorly defined rows and supported by long columellae. Specimens, Catefica 49-S172313 (a), Catefica 49-S153159 (b), Catefica 49-S172324 (c), Catefica 49-S172325 (d), Catefica 50-S170453 (e, f). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (d), 50 Μm (c), 6 Μm (e), 1.5 Μm (f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 7. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a–c, e, f) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, d) images of fruits and pollen grains of Hedyflora crystallifera; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Lateral view of fruits showing the remains of apical tepals and remains of the hypanthium, which is thicker on the edges of the fruit in (b) (arrows); c) Detail of hypanthium surface between the thickenings on the edges of the fruit showing polygonal cells with a central papilla; d) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0600) of fruit and seed showing the finely crystalliferous endotesta (arrowhead) and sclerified outer tegmen (asterisk); e) Distal view of pollen grain from surface of fruit showing the poorly defined tetrachotomocolpate aperture (daggers indicating the four arms of the aperture) and semi-tectate, reticulate tectum; f) Detail of pollen wall showing narrow muri with indistinctly beaded surface ornamentation of minute verrucae in poorly defined rows and supported by long columellae. Specimens, Catefica 49-S172313 (a), Catefica 49-S153159 (b), Catefica 49-S172324 (c), Catefica 49-S172325 (d), Catefica 50-S170453 (e, f). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (d), 50 Μm (c), 6 Μm (e), 1.5 Μm (f).
Text-fig. 12. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated "Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 3"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with pollen in situ; b, c) Pollen grains showing the semitectate-reticulate pollen wall and folds (c) indicating a possible monocolpate aperture; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation; e) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny, spherical, finely spiny orbicules. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170449 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d, e). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 12. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated "Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 3"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with pollen in situ; b, c) Pollen grains showing the semitectate-reticulate pollen wall and folds (c) indicating a possible monocolpate aperture; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation; e) Detail of pollen wall showing tiny, spherical, finely spiny orbicules. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170449 (a–e). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 6 Μm (b, c), 1.5 Μm (d, e).
Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b).
Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 19. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a–c) of Aristospermum huberi and scanning electron microscope (SEM, d, e) images of Choffaticarpus compactus; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Volume rendering of strongly flattened, triangular seed with pointed micropylar region; note thin-walled cells of outer integument preserved along the margins of the seed and pitted surface of the crystalliferous inner cells of outer integument where the outer cells are abraded and the narrow, lateral funicle/raphe; b) Volume rendering of seed showing surface of inner integument (endotesta) with cells showing clear imprints of crystals (arrows); c) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0241) of seed showing crystalliferous cells of endotesta (white arrows) and the two fiber layers of the tegmen that are perpendicular to each other (inner integument, ii-f, black arrows); d) Fragment of multiparted, apocarpous fruiting structure showing several helically-arranged, laterally flattened, fruitlets; e) Fruitlet in lateral view showing the prominent ventral face with its lateral groove, short attachment scar, and sunken regions of the fruit wall that indicate the probable presence of oil cells. Specimens, Catefica 49-S266049 (a–c), Catefica 49-S172558 (d), Catefica 49-S118675 (e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c–e), 100 Μm (b).
Text-fig. 8. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of staminate inflorescences and pollen of Proencistemon portugallicus gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Staminate inflorescences composed of numerous tetrasporangiate stamens; each stamen lacks a filament and there is no clear indication of other floral organs; note apparently paired arrangement of stamens in (b) (asterisks); c) Pollen in situ in anther from specimen in (a) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; d) Detail of pollen from specimen in (a) showing narrow muri with beaded surface ornamentation; e) Distal and proximal views of pollen in situ in an anther fragment; f) Orbicules attached to surface of in situ pollen from anther fragment. Specimens, Catefica M282-P0341 (holotype, a, c, d), Catefica 150-S174257 (b), Catefica 50-S170393 (e, f). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b), 6 Μm (c, e), 1.5 Μm (d, f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 8. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of staminate inflorescences and pollen of Proencistemon portugallicus gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Staminate inflorescences composed of numerous tetrasporangiate stamens; each stamen lacks a filament and there is no clear indication of other floral organs; note apparently paired arrangement of stamens in (b) (asterisks); c) Pollen in situ in anther from specimen in (a) showing poorly defined trichotomocolpate aperture and semitectate-reticulate tectum; d) Detail of pollen from specimen in (a) showing narrow muri with beaded surface ornamentation; e) Distal and proximal views of pollen in situ in an anther fragment; f) Orbicules attached to surface of in situ pollen from anther fragment. Specimens, Catefica M282-P0341 (holotype, a, c, d), Catefica 150-S174257 (b), Catefica 50-S170393 (e, f). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b), 6 Μm (c, e), 1.5 Μm (d, f).
Text-fig. 5. Remains of the jaw apparatus of ammonoids from the Mospyne Formation. a: Part of the upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 5). b: Part of the jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 5). c: Upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4). d: Part of the upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4). e: Lower (?) jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4); the arrow indicates the trace fossil. f: Part of the lower jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 8). Scale bars 2 mm. in Late Bashkirian Ammonoids From The Mospyne Formation Of The Donets Basin, Ukraine
Text-fig. 5. Remains of the jaw apparatus of ammonoids from the Mospyne Formation. a: Part of the upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 5). b: Part of the jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 5). c: Upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4). d: Part of the upper jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4). e: Lower (?) jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 4); the arrow indicates the trace fossil. f: Part of the lower jaw of an unknown ammonoid (stratigraphic level No. 8). Scale bars 2 mm.
Supplementary material to: Dengler, J., Jansen., F., … & Gillet, F. (2023) Ecological Indicator Values for Europe (EIVE) 1.0. Vegetation Classification and Survey.
<p>The newly developed Ecological Indicator Values for Europe (EIVE) 1.0, together with all source systems in a flexible, harmonised open access database.</p> <p><br> Supplementary material 2: The analysed 31 EIV systems with original and harmonised plant nomenclature and original and rescaled indicator values for M, N, R, L and T (*.xlsx).</p> <p>Supplementary material 3: Documentation of additions to and modifications of the taxonomic backbone from Euro+Med (2022) in EIVE 1.0 (*.xslx).</p> <p>Supplementary material 8: EIVE 1.0 indicator values for niche position and niche width of M, N, R, L and T (*.xlsx).</p>
Long-term daily hydrometeorological drought indices, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration for ICOS ecosystem sites
<p>Standardized drought indices to support research at ICOS ecosystem sites. Dataset to Nature Scientific Data submission.</p> <p>"The dataset comprises four files for each of the 101 sites: "[site_name]_input" contains the observational data extracted from E-OBS, PET estimates as well as the simulated soil water storage and actual evapotranspiration from mHM; and threemore files for each of the standardized drought indices ("SSMI_[site_name]", "SPI_[site_name]", "SPEI_[site_name]"). Details on the variables, their units and their origin are given in Tab. 1. For the SPI and SPEI, the file of each site contains the estimates for various aggregation times, ranging from 5 to 730 days in steps of 5 days from 5 to 365 and steps of 10 days from 370 to 730. Each data file has a daily temporal resolution and covers the time span from 1950 to 2021."</p>
Input data - Wasteaware Cities Benchmark Indicators - WABI 2023 - Global data analytics
<p>This is the input dataset for the research publication "<em>Socio-economic development drives solid waste management performance in cities: A global analysis using machine learning</em>". It features </p> <ul> <li>Metadata info used by R codes</li> <li>Full data set for the WABI, used by the R codes</li> <li>Data required for plotting the map in Figure 1</li> </ul> <p>The independent variables data set refers to specific indicators of the WABI methodology (<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956053X14004905">https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956053X14004905</a>) which generates solid waste management and resource recovery profiles for cities. It is applied here for 40 cities around the world. The data set contains also values for a series of explanatory variables, which are measures of the level of socioeconomic development at country level.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Whole genome demographic models indicate divergent effective population size histories shape contemporary genetic diversity gradients in a montane bumble bee
<p>Understanding historical range shifts and population size variation provides important context for interpreting contemporary genetic diversity. Methods to predict changes in species distributions and model changes in effective population size (N<sub>e</sub>) using whole genomes make it feasible to examine how temporal dynamics influence diversity across populations. We investigate N<sub>e</sub> variation and climate-associated range shifts to examine the origins of a previously observed latitudinal heterozygosity gradient in the bumble bee <em>Bombus</em> <em>vancouverensis</em> Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae: <em>Bombus</em> Latreille) in western North America. We analyze whole genomes from a latitude-elevation cline using sequentially Markovian coalescent models of N<sub>e</sub> through time to test whether relatively low diversity in southern high-elevation populations is a result of long-term differences in N<sub>e</sub>. We use Maxent models of the species range over the last 130,000 years to evaluate range shifts and stability. N<sub>e</sub> fluctuates with climate across populations, but more genetically diverse northern populations have maintained greater Ne over the late Pleistocene and experienced larger expansions with climatically favorable time periods. Northern populations also experienced larger bottlenecks during the last glacial period which matched the loss of range area near these sites, however, bottlenecks were not sufficient to erode diversity maintained during periods of large N<sub>e</sub>. A genome sampled from an island population indicated a severe postglacial bottleneck, indicating that large recent post-glacial declines are detectable if they have occurred. Genetic diversity was not related to niche stability or glacial-period bottleneck size. Instead, spatial expansions and increased connectivity during favorable climates likely maintain diversity in the north while restriction to high elevations maintains relatively low diversity despite greater stability in southern regions. Results suggest genetic diversity gradients reflect long-term differences in N<sub>e</sub> dynamics and also emphasize the unique effects of isolation on insular habitats for bumble bees. Patterns are discussed in the context of conservation under climate change.</p>
Feeding indicators and bioremediation ability of the warty sea cucumber (Neostichopus grammatus) fed potential wastes from abalone (Haliotis midae) farming.
<p> Data set contains data used to estimate the consumption rate, faecal production rate, assimilation efficiency, growth and bioremediation ability of<em> Neostichopus grammatus</em> fed abalone waste, <em>Ulva lactuca</em> mixed with sand, pellet and sand.</p>
Raw Data for the article: Current Perspectives on Adult Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Biological Features and Clinical Indications
<p>Extracellular vesicles (EVs) constitute one of the main mechanisms by which cells communicate with the surrounding tissue or at distance. Vesicle secretion is featured by most cell types, and adult mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of different tissue origins have shown the ability to produce them. In recent years, several reports disclosed the molecular composition and suggested clinical indications for EVs derived from adult MSCs. The parental cells were already known for their roles in different disease settings in regulating inflammation, immune modulation, or transdifferentiation to promote cell repopulation. Interestingly, most reports also suggested that part of the properties of parental cells were maintained by isolated EV populations. This review analyzes the recent development in the field of cell-free therapies, focusing on several adult tissues as a source of MSC-derived EVs and the available clinical data from in vivo models.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.