Find research datasets worth reusing

opencc-by-4.0May 2009View details →

Figure 4 in Evolution of cave living in Hawaiian Schrankia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with description of a remarkable new cave species

Figure 4. Schrankia altivolans, ♂, wing venation.

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →

Genetic differentiation underlies seasonal variation in thermal tolerance, body size, and plasticity in a short-lived copepod

Organisms experience variation in the thermal environment on several different temporal scales, with seasonality being particularly prominent in temperate regions. For organisms with short generation times, seasonal variation is experienced across, rather than within, generations. How this variation affects the seasonal evolution of thermal tolerance and phenotypic plasticity is understudied, but has direct implications for the thermal ecology of these organisms. Here we document intra-annual patterns of thermal tolerance in two species of Acartia copepods (Crustacea) from a highly seasonal estuary, showing strong variation across the annual temperature cycle. Common garden, split-brood experiments indicate that this seasonal variation in thermal tolerance, along with seasonal variation in body size and phenotypic plasticity, is likely affected by genetic polymorphism. Our results show that adaptation to seasonal variation is important to consider when predicting how populations may respond to ongoing climate change.

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →

Data from: Decreased selectivity during mate choice in a small-sized population of a long-lived seabird

As biparental care is crucial for breeding success in Procellariiformes seabirds (i.e., albatrosses and petrels), these species are expected to be choosy during pair formation. However, the choice of partners is limited in small-sized populations, which might lead to random pairing. In Procellariiformes, the consequences of such limitations for mating strategies have been examined in a single species. Here, we studied mate choice in another Procellariiforme, Bulwer's petrel Bulweria bulwerii, in the Azores (ca 70 breeding pairs), where the species has suffered a dramatic population decline. We based our approach on both a 11-year demographic survey (capture-mark-recapture) and a genetic approach (microsatellites, n = 127 individuals). The genetic data suggest that this small population is not inbred and did not experience a genetic bottleneck. Moreover, pairing occurred randomly with respect to genetic relatedness, we detected no extrapair parentage (n = 35 offspring), and pair fecundity was unrelated to relatedness between partners. From our demographic survey, we detected no assortative mating with respect to body measurements and breeding experience and observed very few divorces, most of which were probably forced. This contrasts with the pattern previously observed in the much larger population from the Selvagens archipelago (assortative mating with respect to bill size and high divorce rate). We suggest that the Bulwer's petrels from the Azores pair with any available partner and retain it as long as possible despite the fact that reproductive performance did not improve with pair common experience, possibly to avoid skipping breeding years in case of divorce. We recommend determining whether decreased choosiness during mate choice also occurs in reduced populations of other Procellariiform species. This might have implications for the conservation of small threatened seabird populations.

opencc-zeroOct 2021View details →

Data for: Imaging the short-lived hydroxyl-hydronium pair in ionized liquid water

The radiolysis of water is ubiquitous in nature and plays a critical role in numerous biochemical and technological applications. Although the elementary reaction pathways for the ionized water have been studied, the short-lived intermediate complex and structural dynamic response after the proton transfer reaction remain poorly understood. Using liquid-phase ultrafast electron diffraction technique to measure the intermolecular O··O and O··H bonds, we captured the short-lived radical-cation complex OH(H3O+) that was formed within 140 femtoseconds through a direct oxygen-oxygen bond contraction and proton transfer, followed by the radical-cation pair dissociation and the subsequent structural relaxation of water within 250 femtoseconds. These measurements provide direct evidence of capturing this metastable radical-cation complex before separation, thereby improving our fundamental understanding of elementary reaction dynamics in ionized liquid water.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2022View details →

Psychological adjustment in Third Culture Kids living in Switzerland: Data Set

demographic variables: parent's assignment length, child's agreeableness with the relocation, child's age (7–12 years and 13–17 years), school type (international or other), and history of psychological treatment  Labels: parent variables (P1) parent filled child well being and mental health (CC1), child filled variables (C1) variables: Well-being using the 10-item KIDSCREEN-10 Index (The KIDSCREEN Group Europe, 2006).  Mental health problems using the 25-item SDQ (R. Goodman, 1997).  Emotion regulation strategies using the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children and Adults (Gullone & Taffe, 2012), a 10-item self-report scale that measures expressive EES and CCS.  Perceived stress using the 13-item Perceived Stress Scale for Children (White, 2014).  Resilience using the 12-item Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-12; Liebenberg et al., 2013).  Negative social cognitions using the 10-item Social Threat Subscale of the Children's Automatic Thoughts Scale (Schniering & Lyneham, 2007; Schniering & Rapee, 2002),

Predation risk estimated on live and artificial insect prey follows different patterns

Models mimicking prey organisms are increasingly used in ecological studies including testing fundamental ecological and evolutionary theories. The general consensus is that predation risk estimated on artificial models may not quantitatively correspond to predation pressure on live prey, but it still can be used in various comparisons. We tested whether the use of live and artificial prey reveals the same patterns of variation in predation risk. We exposed live prey (blowfly larvae and puparia) and plasticine models of blowfly puparia in two boreal forest sites, both openly and in ant- and bird-exclusion treatments, and we quantified attacks by both avian and invertebrate predators. Bird attack rates were always higher on live puparia than on their plasticine models, but the magnitude of this difference declined from 8.4-fold in early summer to 2-fold in mid- and late summer. We attribute these changes to different responses to prey by experienced adult birds that dominate the bird communities in early summer versus explorative juvenile birds that are abundant later in the season. Invertebrate daily predation rates on maggots decreased from 56% in early summer to 28% in late summer, but invertebrate attacks on plasticine models showed no seasonal changes. Overall, invertebrate predation on maggots was 67-fold greater than their predation on models. Observations showed that wood ants did not attack plasticine models and did not leave on them any damage marks. Estimates based on artificial prey indicate a much greater role of bird predation than invertebrate predation, while estimates based on live prey suggest the opposite pattern. Thus, using live and artificial prey may lead to different conclusions about relative importance of different predator groups in a locality. Moreover, for both avian and invertebrate predators, predation risk based on artificial and live prey shows different seasonal changes and may potentially demonstrate different spatial patterns.

Living on the edge: Predicting invertebrate richness and rarity in disturbance-prone aquatic–terrestrial ecosystems

1. Temporal fluctuations in water levels cause the spatial extent of wet and dry habitats to vary in aquatic–terrestrial riverine ecosystems, complicating their biomonitoring. As such, biomonitoring efforts may fail to characterise the species that inhabit such habitats, hampering assessments of their biodiversity and implementation of evidence-informed management strategies. 2. Relationships between the dynamic characteristics of aquatic-terrestrial habitats and their communities are well known. Thus, habitat characteristics may enable estimation of faunal assemblage characteristics such as taxonomic richness, regardless of in-channel conditions. 3. We investigated whether indicators summarising habitat survey data can predict two metrics representing terrestrial invertebrate assemblages (e.g. taxa richness) in two aquatic–terrestrial habitats: exposed riverine sediments and dry temporary streams. We also compared the performance of unimetric and multimetric habitat indicators in making predictions. 4. In exposed riverine sediments, >88% of predictions were correlated with observed taxa richness and an index of conservation status. Values predicted by exposed riverine sediment samples were correlated with those observed in temporary stream channels with comparable riparian (i.e. largely agricultural) land use, but not those observed in channels with contrasting (i.e. more urban) land use. 5. Unimetric habitat indicators performed similarly to more complex multimetric indicators, with each explaining ≤6% of the variability in taxa richness and the index of conservation status. The different spatial scales at which invertebrates respond to habitat conditions and at which indicators record habitat conditions, and a more comprehensive training dataset that incorporates a full range of habitat conditions (i.e. land use), may improve future predictions. 6. We demonstrate that invertebrate assemblage characteristics can be predicted regardless of in-channel conditions. Agreement between exposed riverine sediment predictions and temporary stream observations suggests that these predictions are transferable among a range of aquatic–terrestrial habitat types, and could thus be widely applied to aid conservation of riverine biodiversity in dynamic aquatic–terrestrial ecosystems.

No phylogenomic support for a Cenozoic origin of the "living fossil" Isoetes

Premise: The isoetalean lineage has a rich fossil record that extends to the Devonian, but the age of the living clade is unclear. Recent results indicate that it is young, from the Cenozoic, whereas earlier work based on less data from a denser taxon sample yielded Mesozoic median ages. Methods: We investigated node ages in Isoetes using two genomic datasets (plastome and nuclear ribosomal cistron) analyzed using three different clock models implemented in MrBayes (ILN, WN and TK02 models) and a conservative approach to calibration. Key results: While topological results are consistently resolved in Isoetes, estimated crown group ages range from the latest Paleozoic (mid-Permian) to the Mesozoic depending on datatype and clock model. The oldest estimates were retrieved using the autocorrelated TK02 clock model. An (early) Cenozoic age was only obtained under one specific condition (plastome data analyzed with the uncorrelated ILN clock model). That same plastome dataset also yielded the oldest (mid-Permian) age estimate when analyzed with the autocorrelated TK02 clock model. Adding the highly divergent recently established sister species Isoetes wormaldii to the dataset approximately doubled the average median node depth to the Isoetes crown group. Conclusions: There is no consistent support for a Cenozoic origin of the living clade Isoetes. We obtained seemingly well-founded, yet strongly deviating results, depending on datatype and clock model. The single most important future improvement is probably to add calibration points, which requires an improved understanding of the isoetalean fossil record or alternative bases for calibration.

Body mass and triglycerides predict departure of free-living nomadic pine siskins

1. Facultative migrations are observed across vertebrate taxa, include irruptive and nomadic movements, and occur in response to ephemeral and unpredictably variable resources. While the physiology underlying seasonal, obligate migrations is thoroughly studied, much less is known about the physiological mechanisms of facultative movements. We test two hypotheses in a free-living, nomadic bird, the pine siskin (Spinus pinus). 2. The Prepare Hypothesis predicts that, like obligate migrants, siskins increase fuel stores to prepare for migratory movements and elevations of baseline corticosterone (CORT) support departure. The Escape Hypothesis predicts that siskins do not prepare for departure, body condition declines as food availability declines, and stress-related levels of CORT induce escape from resource-poor areas. 3. Under the controlled lab conditions of previous studies, food restriction induces declines in body condition and increases in CORT and locomotor activity, supporting the Escape Hypothesis. This study evaluates the ecological relevance of these captive findings by testing the Prepare and Escape Hypotheses in the field for the first time. 4. During two fall field seasons, we radio-tagged siskins and tracked their local movements using handheld and automated telemetry. We assess how body condition and CORT relate to feeding behavior (estimated via plasma triglycerides (TRIG)), space use, and departure. 5. We do not find support for either the Prepare or Escape Hypothesis, but rather observe an intermediate pattern. Birds with higher TRIG, and therefore greater food intake, are more likely to depart. Birds in poor condition stay longer near the field site; however, above a threshold body mass, body condition does not predict departure. 6. These findings suggest moderate energy stores are necessary for departure but movement decisions depend on other factors among birds with sufficient fuel. Siskin movements are physiologically distinct from both obligate and fugitive movements, and we discuss how food availability and body condition interact to drive different types of movement.

Hidden species diversity in an iconic living fossil vertebrate

Ancient, species-poor lineages persistently occur across the Tree of Life. These unique lineages are likely to contain unrecognized species diversity masked by the low rates of morphological evolution that characterize living fossils. Halecomorphi is a lineage of ray-finned fishes that diverged from its closest relatives over 200 million years ago and is represented by only one living species in eastern North America, the Bowfin Amia calva Linnaeus. We use double digest restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing and morphology to illuminate recent speciation in bowfins. Our results support the delimitation of a second living species of Amia with the timing of diversification dating to the Plio-Pleistocene. This delimitation expands the species diversity of an ancient lineage that is integral to studies of vertebrate genomics and development, yet is facing growing conservation threats driven by the caviar fishery.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

Live coding with Adapt

Despite the enormous creative potential, most of the recent developments in live coding are based on the idea of the sequencer and the drum machine where events are associated to notes as discrete moments in a parametric space. This performance challenges this convention by using the Adapt sound engine, in which modules defining sound processes combine themselves in a network of influences, creating evolving sound morphologies. In this way, the machine gains a degree of autonomy by listening to its own output and analyzing the current configuration of the routings between these modules. The performer continuously interacts with this evolving system, trying to manage its behavior over time by altering the structure while discovering new possibilities and configurations.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Eighteen thinkers living in England who said they were deists or were advocating deism.

A list, with references, of the eighteen thinkers living in England who said they were deists or were advocating deism.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

Transition from transperitoneal to retroperitoneal approach in laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy: Team-based and individual learning curve: A cross-sectional study

Background: Laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (LLDN) is a standard practice for kidney donor transplantation due to fewer complications associated with the treatment. Retroperitoneal approach to LLDN is thought to be more advantageous in preventing injuries to various abdominal organs. However, the transition process from transperitoneal to retroperitoneal LLDN is important to ensure the best outcome for the patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the learning curve for the retroperitoneal approach in LLDN among urologists in an individual and team-based approach Methods: A retrospective analysis of retroperitoneal LLDN was performed on procedures performed by a kidney donor team consisting of four (4) urologists from January 2019 to January 2022 at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Indonesia. The data were taken from pre-existing medical records. The learning curve for the operation time, warm ischemic time, and estimated blood loss were analyzed using cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis. Phase 1 represents the initial learning curve, the phase 2 plateau represents the period of proficiency, and phase 3 represents the mastery period. Results: A total of 127 retroperitoneal LLDN procedures were done during the study period by four operators with various experience. The average procedure needed to achieve proficiency was 16.5 procedures. Meanwhile, the average procedure needed to achieve mastery was 28 procedures. A shorter learning curve was achieved by operators with more experience in other laparoscopic procedures. Conclusions: The learning curve for transition from transperitoneal to retroperitoneal approach to LLDN is relatively short and feasible for both individuals and teams of urologists. Therefore, the transition to a retroperitoneal approach is a feasible option to reduce the complication rate of LLDN.

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Raising offspring increases ageing: Differences in senescence among three populations of a long-lived seabird, the Atlantic puffin

1. Actuarial senescence, the decline of survival with age, is well documented in the wild. Rates of senescence vary widely between taxa, to some extent also between sexes, with the fastest life histories showing the highest rates of senescence. Few studies have investigated differences in senescence among populations of the same species, although such variation is expected from population-level differences in environmental conditions, leading to differences in vital rates and thus life histories. 2. We predict that, within species, populations differing in productivity (suggesting different paces of life) should experience different rates of senescence, but with little or no sexual difference in senescence within populations of monogamous, monomorphic species where the sexes share breeding duties. 3. We compared rates of actuarial senescence among three contrasting populations of the Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica. The data set comprised 31 years (1990–2020) of parallel capture-mark-recapture data from three breeding colonies, Isle of May (North Sea), Røst (Norwegian Sea) and Hornøya (Barents Sea), showing contrasting productivities (i.e. annual breeding success) and population trends. We used time elapsed since first capture (TFC) as a proxy for bird age, and productivity and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation Index (wNAO) as proxies for the environmental conditions experienced by the populations within and outside the breeding season, respectively. 4. In accordance with our predictions, we found that senescence rates differed among the study populations, with no evidence for sexual differences. There was no evidence for an effect of wNAO, but the population with the lowest productivity, Røst, showed the lowest rate of senescence. As a consequence, the negative effect of senescence on the population growth rate (λ) was up to 3–5 times smaller on Røst (Δλ = -0.009) than on the two other colonies. 5. Our findings suggest that environmentally induced differences in senescence rates among populations of a species should be accounted for when predicting effects of climate variation and change on species persistence. There is thus a need for more detailed information on how both actuarial and reproductive senescence influence vital rates of populations of the same species, calling for large-scale comparative studies.

openmit-licenseJan 2023View details →

assisted-living-capacities-hun

Assisted Living Capacities in Hungary <blockquote> relies on <a href="https://github.com/sscu-budapest/datazimmer">datazimmer</a> and the <a href="https://sscu-budapest.github.io/tooling">tooling</a> of sscub </blockquote>

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Why do parents produce small broods of offspring that have lower body mass, survival, and lifetime reproductive success? A case study in a long-lived bird

Numerous studies have examined the correlation between offspring quantity and quality, and many have found that the most common brood size is often smaller than broods with the highest offspring quality or production. However, the reasons why these small broods with lower offspring quality are produced, are still poorly explained. Using data spanning 29 years, we investigated the effects of brood size on nestlings' body mass and the lifetime fitness for those offspring as adults (as proxies of offspring quality) in the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon). We also examined the temporal variation of brood size. We found that overall offspring quality increases with brood size and that individuals from broods of three had the highest quality, as quantified by larger body mass, higher adult survival, and lifetime reproductive success. Furthermore, brood size of an individual pair significantly varied across years, and the proportion of broods containing two offspring increased while broods of three decreased after 2000 when the population dispersed to low-quality habitat. These findings indicate that spatiotemporal variation in resources may impact variation in brood size and subsequent fitness consequences, and that small broods are more common in resource-poor years or low-quality habitats. In contrast, parents with access to high-quality resources produce larger broods of nestlings that achieve higher body mass and subsequently experience higher adult survival and lifetime fitness. This study highlights how variation in life history traits can be influenced by resource condition, and provides an insight into particular habitat that need conservation for Crested Ibis.

Live no Instagram sobre Psicologia Perinatal

Live realizada no Instagram <a href="https://www.instagram.com/acalanto.perinatal/">@acalanto.perinatal</a>. Uma conversa franca abordando a psicologia nos períodos de gravidez, parto e puerpério com a Psicóloga Miriam Calisman, coordenadora do Espaço Calisman, e com mais de 20 anos de experiência em psicologia clínica. Link da publicação original: <a href="https://www.instagram.com/tv/CFQcamBlo2Y/?igshid=MDJmNzVkMjY%3D">https://www.instagram.com/tv/CFQcamBlo2Y/?igshid=MDJmNzVkMjY%3D</a>

Live no Instagram sobre amamentação - Agosto Dourado

Live realizada no Instagram <a href="https://www.instagram.com/acalanto.perinatal/">@acalanto.perinatal</a>. Participação da Prof Abilene Gouveia - Hupe/UERJ, membro do grupo técnico da SES e da Comissão de Aleitamento da SOPERJ. Professora da UVA. Incentivo da família, mitos, bancos de leite, cuidado no regresso ao trabalho, e outros tópicos. Link da publicação original: <a href="https://www.instagram.com/tv/CD4W2IJl0Dt/?igshid=MDJmNzVkMjY%3D">https://www.instagram.com/tv/CD4W2IJl0Dt/?igshid=MDJmNzVkMjY%3D</a>

Live no Instagram sobre bebês prematuros

Live realizada no Instagram <a href="https://www.instagram.com/acalanto.perinatal/">@acalanto.perinatal</a>. Dra Aline Abreu, pediatra, intensivista e mãe de 4 lindos meninos, fala de sua experiência no cuidado com os apressadinhos que chegam antes da hora. Aborda as repercussões na infância e na vida adulta. Conta de sua trajetória como mãe de prematuro e coloca na gente a sensação otimista de que há muitas coisas novas para ser feitas. Chama a atenção para cuidados úteis e necessários.  Link da publicação original: <a href="https://www.instagram.com/tv/CH_cXHxl_el/?igshid=MDJmNzVkMjY%3D">https://www.instagram.com/tv/CH_cXHxl_el/?igshid=MDJmNzVkMjY%3D</a>

Live no Instagram sobre o Outubro Rosa

Live realizada no Instagram <a href="https://www.instagram.com/acalanto.perinatal/">@acalanto.perinatal</a>. A convidada Ginecologista Renata Brazilio, médica que atua no SUS, abordou muitas faces dessa celebração. Lembrou que apesar da maior incidência em mulheres, os homens também podem ser acometidos. Falou sobre o auto exame das mamas, explicou o melhor momento dependendo da faixa etária e ainda fez um apanhado a respeito das medidas preventivas, fatores predisponentes e sobre tratamentos. Link da publicação original: <a href="https://www.instagram.com/tv/CG59LMwlHke/?igshid=MDJmNzVkMjY%3D">https://www.instagram.com/tv/CG59LMwlHke/?igshid=MDJmNzVkMjY%3D</a>