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FIGURE 1 in The effectiveness of protected areas in the Paraná-Paraguay basin in preserving multiple facets of freshwater fish diversity under climate change
FIGURE 1 | Paraná-Paraguay basin showing countries' boundaries, topography, hydrographic features, and protected areas. 1. Upper Paraná River basin; 2. Middle Paraná River basin; 3. Lower Paraná basin; 4. Upper Paraguay basin; 5. Middle Paraguay basin; 6. Lower Paraguay basin.
Preventative medicine? Examining prophylactic effects of a sunflower pollen diet in Bombus impatiens
<p>The widespread decline of pollinator populations is of concern for both natural and agricultural ecosystems. Pathogens have been identified as a major contributor to the decline of some bee species, making understanding host-pathogen dynamics a crucial area of research. Sunflower pollen (<em>Helianthus annuus</em>) dramatically and consistently reduces infection by a prevalent gut pathogen, <em>Crithidia bombi</em>, in the common eastern bumble bee (<em>Bombus impatiens</em>), when consumed by bees post-infection, but we do not know if sunflower can confer protection when consumed before exposure. We asked whether feeding bumble bees sunflower pollen diets before pathogen exposure decreases <em>Crithidia</em> infection compared to buckwheat pollen (<em>Fagopyrum esculentum</em>). Buckwheat pollen was used as a comparison since it has a similar protein concentration as sunflower pollen, but results in high <em>Crithidia</em> counts when consumed post-infection. Bumble bees were fed sunflower or buckwheat pollen for seven days, inoculated with <em>Crithidia</em>, and then fed a wildflower pollen control diet for seven more days before assessing infection. We found that consuming a sunflower pollen diet before inoculation did not reduce <em>Crithidia</em> cell counts compared to buckwheat pollen. Further, bumble bee survival and consumption of sucrose solution and pollen did not differ between these diets. The results show no evidence of sunflower pollen providing prophylactic resistance against <em>Crithidia bombi </em>infection, indicating that the timing at which sunflower pollen is consumed relative to exposure has important consequences for infection.</p>
Effect of low-temperature compression on crystal structure and superconductivity in strontium metal
<p>The superconducting and structural properties of elemental strontium metal were studies as a function of pressure to 60 GPa, while maintaining cryogenic conditions during the pressure application.</p> <p>This data set includes raw and analyzed electrical resistivity and xray diffraction data.</p>
Quantifying direct and indirect effects of early-season herbivory on reproduction across four brassicaceous plant species
<div> <p>Insect herbivores can directly affect plant reproduction by feeding on reproductive tissues, or indirectly by feeding on vegetative tissues for which plants are unable to compensate. Additionally, early-arriving herbivores may have cascading effects on plant reproduction by altering the later-arriving community. However, the dynamic interplay between plant development and the assembly of herbivore communities remains underexplored. Hence, it is unclear whether non-outbreak levels of ambient herbivory early in the development of plants can impact plant fitness and to what extent these effects are mediated through changes in plant development and subsequent herbivory. By excluding the herbivore community in an exclosure experiment and by manipulating early-season herbivory in a common garden field experiment replicated across four Brassicaceae species and two years, we tested whether early-season herbivory by caterpillars (<em>Pieris rapae)</em> or aphids (<em>Myzus persicae</em>) affected development, reproduction, and the herbivore communities associated with individual plants. In addition, we tested a causal hypothesis to assess the relative importance and temporal interplay between variation in herbivore communities and variation in plant development in determining plant reproduction. Early-season herbivory affected plant reproduction in the exclosure experiment, with effects being highly dependent on the plant species, the herbivore species, and the year. However, we found no such effects in the field experiment. The exploratory path analysis indicated that variation in plant reproduction is best predicted by variation in plant development, explaining 80% of the total effect on seed production. This suggests that early-season herbivory had limited effects on later plant development, and plants were able to attenuate the impact of early-season herbivory. However, no clear compensatory mechanism could be identified. While early-season herbivory has the potential to affect plant reproduction through changes in plant development or the subsequent development of the associated community, these effects were small and varied across closely related species. This suggests that plant species may be exposed to different levels of natural selection by early-season herbivores through plant- or community-mediated effects on reproduction.</p> </div>
Fig. 5 in Histopatological effects of bleaching and disease on the coral Siderastrea stellata from coastal reefs of Brazil
Fig. 5. Degraded reproductive structures of Siderastrea stellata Verrill, 1868: a-b, stage V oocytes from healthy sample; c, spermatids from white plague disease samples; d, mesenteric filaments from bleached sample. Note in (d) black arrow points tonecrosis of mesenteric filaments.
Fig. 4 in Histopatological effects of bleaching and disease on the coral Siderastrea stellata from coastal reefs of Brazil
Fig. 4. Comparison of mean densities of zooXanthellae per 100 µm2 of gastrodermis between healthy samples, bleached, white plague diseased and colonies of coral Siderastrea stellata Verrill, 1868 with pigmentation pattern altered (PPA).
Fig. 2. Siderastrea stellata Verrill, 1868 in Histopatological effects of bleaching and disease on the coral Siderastrea stellata from coastal reefs of Brazil
Fig. 2. Siderastrea stellata Verrill, 1868 colonies healthy conditions (a), bleached (b), white plague disease (c), and colonies with pigmentation pattern altered (PPA) (d). And their respective histological sections, stained in H & E: a.1, healthy body wall epithelial layers; b.1, body wall with gastrodermis and mucus laden calicodermis, black arrow pointing to necrosis of gastrodermis, and red arrow pointing to mucocytes promote hyperplasia of the mesoglea; c.1, epithelium disrupted and presence of many mucocytes (black arrow), and focal vacuolation of gastrodermis (red arrow); d.1, basal body wall with calicodermis, and necrosis of eternal epithelium (black arrow).
Fig. 3 in Histopatological effects of bleaching and disease on the coral Siderastrea stellata from coastal reefs of Brazil
Fig. 3. Photomicrographs of organisms associated with bleached sample (a) black arrow is pointing to diatom (see striated frustule) on the surface of corals. The epidermis is atrophied and cuboidal and gastrodermis is bereft of zooXanthellae (atrophy) and markedly vacuolated; b, dead autolyzed tissue with another likely diatom (black arrow); c-d, dissociated tissues with fungal hyphae (black arrow); d, shows fungal hyphae (black arrow) invading coral tissue with necrosis.
Global contemporary effective population sizes across taxonomic groups
<p>Effective population size (<em>N<sub>e</sub></em>) is a particularly useful metric for conservation as it affects genetic drift, inbreeding and adaptive potential within populations. Current guidelines recommend a minimum <em>N<sub>e</sub> </em>of 50 and 500 to avoid short-term inbreeding and to preserve long-term adaptive potential, respectively. However, the extent to which wild populations reach these thresholds globally has not been investigated, nor has the relationship between <em>N<sub>e</sub></em><sub> </sub>and human activities. Through a quantitative review, we generated a dataset with 4610 georeferenced <em>N<sub>e</sub></em> estimates from 3829 unique populations, extracted from 723 articles. These data show that certain taxonomic groups are less likely to meet 50/500 thresholds and are disproportionately impacted by human activities; plant, mammal, and amphibian populations had a <54% probability of reaching = 50 and a <9% probability of reaching = 500. Populations listed as being of conservation concern according to the IUCN Red List had a smaller median than unlisted populations, and this was consistent across all taxonomic groups. was reduced in areas with a greater Global Human Footprint, especially for amphibians, birds, and mammals, however relationships varied between taxa. We also highlight several considerations for future works, including the role that gene flow and subpopulation structure plays in the estimation of in wild populations, and the need for finer-scale taxonomic analyses. Our findings provide guidance for more specific thresholds based on <em>N<sub>e</sub></em> and help prioritize assessment of populations from taxa most at risk of failing to meet conservation thresholds.</p>
Effects of ecology on the sociality of coral dwelling gobies, genus Gobiodon
<p>We developed a framework to assess how ecological factors affected the sociality of animals, and we used coral dwelling gobies (genus Gobiodon) to model this framework. We identifed four categories of sociality to compare: form of sociality, degree of sociality, social plasticity, and hierarchy maintenance. We tested global and local ecological factors from climatic disturbances to habitat size, and assessed how they affected the different categories of sociality. We combined the findings of each category to determine to outlook of social maintenance in the taxa when considering the ecological factors tested. For coral dwelling gobies, we found that there is a very poor outlook for their social maintenance with respect to climatic disturbances.</p>
Experimental dataset for the effect of chilling on budburst
<p>We obtained available information from 23 experimental studies about chilling effects in budburst and established an experimental database of budburst date for 50 temperate and boreal species from 33 provenance origins (94 species-provenance combinations).</p>
Effect of psychoactive substances on cardiac and locomotory activity-Procambarus virginalis-DATA
<p>This Effect of psychoactive substances on cardiac and locomotory activity<em>-Procambarus virginalis</em></p> <p>The associated dataset investigates the impact of environmentally relevant levels of psychoactive compounds on the early developmental stages of marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis). The compounds analyzed include sertraline, methamphetamine, and a mixture of citalopram, oxazepam, sertraline, tramadol, venlafaxine, and methamphetamine, each at a concentration of 1 μg L-1. The dataset assesses cardiac and locomotory activity on day four and day eight of exposure, respectively.</p> <p>it is a condition of the CENAKVA RI financing provider to record accesses to open data. Data can be requested at the following email: <strong>dubova@frov.jcu.cz</strong></p> <p>or visit the CENAKVA RI website:<br>https://www.frov.jcu.cz/en/faculty/faculty-parts/south-bohemian-research-centre-for-aquaculture-and-biodiversity-of-hydrocenoses-cenakva/large-research-infrastructure-cenakva</p>
Influence of statistical size effects on the plastic deformation of coronary stents: Supporting data
<p>Data including UMATs and Abaqus input files related to the paper 'Influence of statistical size effects on the plastic deformation of coronary stents' <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.12.008" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2012.12.008</span></a></p>
Data set for "A Magnesium Binding Site And The Anomeric Effect Regulate The Abiotic Redox Chemistry Of Nicotinamide Nucleotides"
<p>Data associated with Sebastianelli L, Kaur H, Chen Z, Krishnamurthy R, Mansy SS (2024) A magnesium binding site and the anomeric effect regulate the abiotic redox chemistry of nicotinamide nucleotides. Chem Eur J. 30, e202400411. DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400411 [<a href="https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/chem.202400411">link</a>]</p>
CO co-feeding effect in CH3Cl coupling over ZSM-5 zeolite: pressure twists the plot
<p>Dataset supporting the article 'CO co-feeding effect in CH3Cl coupling over ZSM-5 zeolite: pressure twists the plot', by Z. Zhang, M. Vanni, X. Wu, P. Hemberger, A. Bodi, S. Mitchell, and J. Pérez-Ramírez.</p>
Figure 3 in High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
Figure 3: Temperature shift experiment from 18 °C to 30 °C. (A) After the temperature shift, the longitudinal growth of the propagules of equal length in three different tripartite communities was measured with ImageJ software and compared with the established model system for
Figure 2 in High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
Figure 2: Bioassay for morphogenetic activity performed at 18 °C. Using a tripartite community with Ulva mutabilis, the morphogenetic activity of the thallusin-releasing bacteria Maribacter sp. was complemented by one out of the four strains isolated from the surface of Ulva ohnoi. Under standard conditions, axenic gametes (A) were cultivated in the tissue culture flask with the tested bacteria alone (B–E), in the presence of Roseovarius sp. (G–J) or with Maribacter sp. MS6 (L–O) in comparison to the controls (F and K). Arrows with closed heads indicate protrusion formation due to the lack of thallusin released by Maribacter sp. Arrows with open heads indicate rhizoid formation in the presence of Maribacter sp. Magnification bar = 100 µm.
Figure 1 in High-temperature stress induces bacteria-specific adverse and reversible effects on Ulva (Chlorophyta) growth and its chemosphere in a reductionist model system
Figure 1: Workflow. Selected bacteria IH2, IH18, IH25, and G8 were collected from the surface of Ulva ohnoi, phenocopying the activity of Roseovarius sp. MS2 and forming a tripartite community with Maribacter sp. MS6 and the gametophyte of Ulva mutabilis (morphotype "slender"; strain FSU-UM5-1). Ulva mutabilis (25 mg dry weight) was cultivated with the two bacterial strains (OD620 = 0.001) under standard conditions (Wichard and Oertel 2010). Propagules of equal length were stressed by a temperature shift from 18 °C to 30 °C using continuous light (80 µmol photon m−2 s−1) to avoid chronobiological effects. Axenic cultures and tripartite communities were prepared according to Spoerner et al. (2012). exo-Metabolomics and multivariate analysis of the metabolite profiling of the supernatant (150 mL) of four tripartite communities were performed according to Alsufyani et al. (2017) and Ghaderiardakani et al. (2022). Drawings of Ulva were taken from Wichard (2023) under the terms of CC BY 4.0. Created with BioRender.com.
Data for: Solvent effects in hyperpolarization of 15N nuclei in [15N3]metronidazole and [15N3]nimorazole antibiotics via SABRE-SHEATH
<p>Raw 15N and 1H NMR spectra for the article which is under revision at the time posting this dataset.</p> <p>These results are also available as preprint at https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2024-6pg8b</p> <p>15N NMR spectra were acquired using SpinSolve Expert Software (Magritek)</p> <p>1H NMR spectra were acquired using TopSpin (Bruker)</p>
Data from: Effects of age, breeding strategy, population density, and number of neighbors on territory size and shape in Savannah Sparrows
<p>The size and shape of an animal's breeding territory are dynamic features influenced by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors and can have important implications for survival and reproduction. Quantitative studies of variation in these territory features can generate deeper insights into animal ecology and behavior. We explored the effect of age, breeding strategy, population density, and number of neighbors on the size and shape of breeding territories in an island population of Savannah Sparrows (<em>Passerculus sandwichensis</em>). Our dataset consisted of 407 breeding territories belonging to 225 males sampled over 11 years. We compared territory sizes to the age of the male territorial holder, the male's reproductive strategy (monogamy vs. polygyny), the number of birds in the study population (population density), and the number of immediate territorial neighbors (local density). We found substantial variation in territory size, with territories ranging over two orders of magnitude from 57 to 5727 m2 (0.0057 to 0.57 ha). Older males had larger territories, polygynous males had larger territories, territories were smaller in years with higher population density, and larger territories were associated with more immediate territorial neighbors. We also found substantial variation in territory shape, from near-circular to irregularly-shaped territories. Males with more neighbors had irregularly shaped territories, but the shape did not vary with male age, breeding strategy, or population density. For males that lived two years or longer, we found strong consistent individual differences in territory size across years, but weaker individual differences in territory shape, suggesting that size has high repeatability whereas shape has low repeatability. Our work provides evidence that songbird territories are highly dynamic and that their size and shape reflect both intrinsic factors (age and number of breeding partners) and extrinsic factors (population density and number of territorial neighbors).</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.