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8,729 results for “Ranges”
Tables and Data for "Synthesis of Satellite and Surface Measurements, Model Results, and FRAPPÉ Study Findings to Assess the Impacts of Oil and Gas Emissions Reductions on Maximum Ozone in the Denver Metro and Northern Front Range Region in Colorado"
<p>These are data sets and tables used in the paper "Synthesis of Satellite and Surface Measurements, Model Results, and FRAPPÉ Study Findings to Assess the Impacts of Oil and Gas Emissions Reductions on Maximum Ozone in the Denver Metro and Northern Front Range Region in Colorado" to be submitted to Earth and Space Science. The monitor site 2016 and 2017 counts files have gridded HYSPLIT back trajectory counts for the 4 highest ozone concentration days at each site, as described in the manuscript.</p>
Dataset for: The redlegged earth mite draft genome provides new insights into pesticide resistance evolution and demography in its invasive Australian range
<p>Data and analyses for Thia et al. "The redlegged earth mite draft genome provides new insights into pesticide resistance evolution and demography in its invasive Australian range" submitted to <em>Journal of Evolutionary Biology</em>.</p> <p>This repository comprises data and scripts used to replicate the analyses in this paper.</p> <p>The goals of this study were to: (1) assemble a draft reference genome for <em>Halotydeus destructor</em>; (2) perform a comparative analysis of acetylcholinesterase genes among different agricultural arthropod pests; (3) characterise the population genetic patterns among Australian <em>H. destructor</em> populations; and (4) perform demographic modelling to understand the evolutionary relationships between eastern and western populations of <em>H. destructor</em> in Australia.</p>
The turnover of plant-frugivore interactions along plant range expansion: consequences for natural colonisation processes
<p><span>Plant-animal mutualisms such as seed dispersal are key interactions for sustaining plant range shifts. Whether the organisation of interactions with seed dispersers is reconfigured along the expansion landscape template, and its effects accelerating or slowing colonisation, remain elusive. Here we analyse plant-frugivore interactions in a scenario of rapid population expansion of a Mediterranean juniper. We combined complex network analyses with intensive field surveys, sampling interactions between individual plants and frugivores by DNA-Barcoding and phototrapping over two seasons. We assess the role of intrinsic and extrinsic intraspecific variability in shaping interactions and we estimate the contribution of individual plants to seed rain. The whole interaction network was highly structured, with a distinct set of modules including individual plants and frugivore species arranged concordantly along the expansion gradient. The modular configuration found was partially shaped by individual neighbourhood context (density and fecundity) and phenotypic traits (cone size). Interaction reconfiguration resulted in a higher and uneven contribution to seed dispersal rain by individuals of the expansion boundaries, providing signals of the colonisation local-history. Our study provides novel insights into the key role of mutualistic interactions in colonisation scenarios by promoting fast plant expansion processes.</span></p>
ARTS Absorption Lookup Table for a Wide Range of Atmospheric Conditions
<p><strong>General description</strong></p> <p>This dataset provides an absorption lookup table for the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Simulator (ARTS). The data is stored in the ARTS XML data format.</p> <p>The dataset consists of the following files:</p> <ul> <li>abs_lookup.xml <em>Meta data describing the lookup table in ASCII format</em></li> <li>abs_lookup.xml.bin <em>The grids and absorption cross section in binary format</em></li> </ul> <p>The lookup table covers wavenumbers from 10 to 3,250 cm<sup>-1</sup>. It is valid for surface temperatures between 200 to 400 Kelvin and water vapor mixing ratios from 4e-5 up to 0.4.</p> <p>The spectral coverage in combination with the wide range of validity make the lookup table suitable to calculate radiative fluxes even in extreme climates.</p> <p>The dataset includes absorption cross-sections for the following species:</p> <ul> <li> CH4</li> <li> CO</li> <li> CO2</li> <li> H2O</li> <li> N2</li> <li> N2O</li> <li> O2</li> <li> O3</li> </ul> <p><strong>Usage with the radiative-convective equilibrium model konrad</strong></p> <p>The lookup table can be used by the ARTS radiation class provided by the radiative-convective equilibrium (RCE) model konrad. This allows the user to perform RCE simulations with line-by-line longwave radiation. The environment variable ``KONRAD_LOOKUP_TABLE`` is used to tell the model where the lookup table is located:</p> <pre><code class="language-bash">export KONRAD_LOOKUP_TABLE="path/to/abs_lookup.xml"</code></pre> <p> </p> <p><strong>References</strong><br> ARTS: <a href="https://radiativetransfer.org">radiativetransfer.org</a><br> konrad: <a href="https://github.com/atmtools/konrad">github.com/atmtools/konrad</a><br> </p>
Climate or diet? The importance of biotic interactions in determining species range size
<p><strong>Aim</strong>: Species geographical range sizes play a crucial role in determining species vulnerability to extinction. Although several mechanisms affect range sizes, the number of biotic interactions and species climatic tolerance are often thought to play discernible roles, defining two dimensions of the Hutchinsonian niche. Yet, the relative importance of the trophic and the climatic niche for determining species range sizes is largely unknown.<br><br><strong>Location</strong>: Central and Northern Europe<br><strong>Time period</strong>: Present<br><strong>Major taxa studied</strong>: Gall-inducing sawflies and their parasitoids<br><br><strong>Methods</strong>: We use data documenting the spatial distributions and biotic interactions of 96 herbivore species, and their 125 parasitoids, across Europe and analyse the relationship between species range size and the climatic and trophic dimensions of the niche. We then compare the observed relationships with null expectations based on species occupancy to understand whether the relationships observed are an inevitable consequence of species range size or if they contain information about the importance of each dimension of the niche on species range size.<br><br><strong>Results</strong>: We find that both niche dimensions are positively correlated with species range size, with larger ranges being associated with wider climatic tolerances and larger numbers of interactions. However, diet breadth appears to more strongly limit species range size. Species with larger ranges have more interactions locally and they are also able to interact with a larger diversity of species across sites (i.e. higher beta-diversity), resulting in a larger number of interactions at continental scales.<br><br><strong>Main conclusions</strong>: We show for the first time how different aspects of species diet niche are related to their range size. Our study offers new insight into the importance of biotic interactions in determining species spatial distributions, which is critical for improving understanding and predictions of species vulnerability to extinction under the current rates of global environmental change.</p>
Animations of Tropospheric Signatures Preceding and Following Sudden Stratospheric Warmings in Extended-Range Ensemble Forecasts
<p>Animations of Tropospheric Signatures Preceding and Following Sudden Stratospheric Warmings in Extended-Range Ensemble Forecasts</p>
Fig. 4 in Current and future suitable habitats of a range-restricted species group (Cyrtodactylus chauquangensis) in Vietnam
Fig. 4. The potential distribution of the C. chauquangensis species group under climate change scenarios.
Fig. 3 in Current and future suitable habitats of a range-restricted species group (Cyrtodactylus chauquangensis) in Vietnam
Fig. 3. The response curves of the top three highest contribution predictors for the C. chauquangensis species group model. The red line shows the mean response of 25 replicates in the Maxent model, and the blue band illustrates the standard deviation. A, Karst distance; B, Bio2 ‒ Mean diurnal range; C, Bio 14 ‒ Precipitation of Driest Month.
Fig. 2 in Current and future suitable habitats of a range-restricted species group (Cyrtodactylus chauquangensis) in Vietnam
Fig. 2. The potential distribution of the C. chauquangensis species group under present conditions generated by MaxEnt, A, Minimum training presence logistic threshold; B, 10 percentile training presence logistic threshold.
FIG. 2 in A range extension of Heterocladium flaccidum (Schimp.) A.J.E.Sm. to Africa and Asia and confirmation of its specific status
FIG. 2. — Bayesian tree from trnS-F analysis.Bayesian posterior probabilities and MP bootstrap support are shown at branches.
FIG. 1 in A range extension of Heterocladium flaccidum (Schimp.) A.J.E.Sm. to Africa and Asia and confirmation of its specific status
FIG. 1. — Bayesian tree from nrITS analysis. Bayesian posterior probabilities and MP bootstrap support are shown at branches.
Accompanying Data for the Manuscript "There's more to life than O2: Simulating the detectability of a range of molecules for ground-based high-resolution spectroscopy of transiting terrestrial exoplanets"
<p>This file contains results for all cases considered in the manuscript titled "There's more to life than O2: Simulating the detectability of a range of molecules for ground-based high-resolution spectroscopy of transiting terrestrial exoplanets"</p>
Data from: Reciprocal transplants reveal asymmetric local adaptation of Himalayan Rhododendron approaching elevational range limit
<p>As plant species expand their upper limit of distribution under current warming, some retain both traditional climate space and biotic environment while others encounter novel conditions. The latter is the case for <em>Rhododendron campanulatum</em>,a woody shrub that grows both above and below treeline at our study site in the Eastern Himalaya where a very conspicuous, stable treeline was defined by a nearly contiguous canopy of tall <em>Abies spectabilis</em> trees, many of them over a century old. Prior work showed that treeline had remained static in this region while<em> R. campanulatum</em> expanded its elevational range limit. We tested local adaptation of<em> R. campanulatum</em> by performing reciprocal transplants between the species' current elevational range limit (4023masl) and just above treeline (3876 masl). Contrary to expectation, the coldest temperatures of late winter and early-mid spring were experienced by plants at the lower elevation: <em>R. campanulatum</em> at species' limit (upper site) were covered by snow for a longer period (40 more days) and escaped the coldest temperatures suffered by conspecifics at treeline (lower site). The harsher spring conditions at treeline likely explains why leaves were smaller at treeline (15.3 cm<sup>2</sup>) than at species-limit (21.3 cm<sup>2</sup>). Contrary to results from equivalent studies in other regions, survival was reduced more by downslope than by upslope movement, again potentially due to extreme cold temperatures observed at treeline in spring. Upslope transplantation had no effect on mortality, but mortality of species-limit saplings transplanted downslope was three times higher than that of residents at both sites. A general expectation is that locals should survive better than foreign transplants, but survival of locals and immigrants at our species-limit site was identical. However, those species-limit saplings that survive the transplant to treeline grew faster than both locals at treeline and the transplants at species-limit. Overall, we found asymmetric adaptation: compared to treeline saplings, those at species-limit (147 m above treeline) were more tolerant of extremes in the growing season but less tolerant of extremes in winter and early-mid spring, displaying local adaptation in a more complex manner than simply home advantage, and complicating predictions about impacts of future regional climate change.</p>
Figs 5–7 in A new species of Poachelas from Maputaland, South Africa (Araneae: Corinnidae), with considerable range extension for Poachelas striatus
Figs 5–7. Poachelas refugus sp. n. paratype female: (5) eye region, anterior view; (6) epigyne, ventral view; (7) vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 8 in A new species of Poachelas from Maputaland, South Africa (Araneae: Corinnidae), with considerable range extension for Poachelas striatus
Fig. 8. Distribution of Poachelas refugus sp. n. (diamond) and published (open circles) and new (solid circles) records of P. striatus Haddad & Lyle, 2008 in South Africa. Shaded area indicates previously known distribution of P. striatus and broken line its new distribution.
Figs 1–4 in A new species of Poachelas from Maputaland, South Africa (Araneae: Corinnidae), with considerable range extension for Poachelas striatus
Figs 1–4. Digital microscope photographs of Poachelas refugus sp. n., holotype female: (1) dorsal habitus; (2) sternum, ventral, slightly lateral view, showing intercoxal sclerites (Is) and precoxal triangles (Pt); (3) anterior legs, prolateral view, indicating femoral (FeS), patellar (PaS), tibial (TiS), metatarsal (MtS), tarsal (TaS) spines and trichobothria (Tr); (4) femur (distal), patella and tibia (proximal) of leg I enlarged, prolateral view, showing spines (SP) and spinules (sp). Scale bars = 1.0 mm in Fig. 1, 0.5 mm in Figs 2–4.
Raw data to "Continuously varying critical exponents in long-range quantum spin ladders"
<p>This directory contains the data used to generate the numerical results in the work "Continuously varying critical exponents in long-range quantum spin ladders [1]".</p> <p>To get an overview of the organization of the directory and a description of the data we recommend the README.md file.</p> <p>[1]: P. Adelhardt and K. P. Schmidt, Continuously varying critical exponents in long-range quantum spin ladders, <a href="https://www.scipost.org/SciPostPhys.15.3.087">SciPost Phys. 15, 087 (2023)</a></p>
Figs 6–11 in Four new narrow-range endemic species of Gulella from Eastern Cape, South Africa (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)
Figs 6–11. Gulella dejae sp. n., holotype. 6, 7, apertural and lateral views of shell, length = 2.8 mm; 8, enlarged view of the aperture, bar = 0.3 mm; 9, umbilical region, bar = 0.3 mm; 10, detail of sculpture (start of last whorl), bar = 50 µm; 11, microsculpture on embryonic shell, bar = 40 µm.
Figs 1–5 in Four new narrow-range endemic species of Gulella from Eastern Cape, South Africa (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)
Figs 1–5. Gulella hamerae sp. n., holotype. 1, 2, apertural and lateral views of shell, length = 2.7 mm; 3, oblique view into aperture, bar = 0.25 mm; 4, detail of sculpture (start of last whorl), bar = 100 µm; 5, microsculpture on embryonic shell, bar = 100 µm.
Figs 18–23 in Four new narrow-range endemic species of Gulella from Eastern Cape, South Africa (Mollusca: Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)
Figs 18–23. Gulella newmani sp. n., holotype. 18, 19, apertural and lateral views of shell, length = 3.68 mm; 20, enlarged view of the aperture, bar = 0.5 mm; 21, umbilical region, bar = 0.25 mm; 22, detail of sculpture (first quarter of last whorl, bar = 75µm; 23, microsculpture on embryonic shell, partly eroded, bar = 30µm.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.