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Fig. 7 in On two partially known species of the genus Gammarus Leach 1813/14 (Fam. Gammaridae) from Asia Minor (Turkey) (Contribution to the Knowledge of the Amphipoda 304)

Fig. 7. Gammarus werneri (S. Karaman 1934), Iznik (Istanbul Kapu), Turkey, female 7.0 mm: A= antenna 2; B= pereopod 3; C= pereopod 4; D= urosome with uropods 1-2.

Fig. 4 in On two partially known species of the genus Gammarus Leach 1813/14 (Fam. Gammaridae) from Asia Minor (Turkey) (Contribution to the Knowledge of the Amphipoda 304)

Fig. 4. Gammarus werneri (S. Karaman 1934), Iznik (Istanbul Kapu), Turkey, male 8.0 mm: A= head; B= ventroposterior corner of urosomal segment 1 near basis of uropod 1 peduncle; C= urosomal segments 1 -3, lateral view; Holotype, Iznik, male: D= antenna 1; E= mandibular palpus, outer face [A= A-setae; B= B-setae; D= marginal Dsetae; F= distal E-setae]; F= antenna 2; G= gnathopod 1 propodus, outer face; H= gnathopod 2 propodus, outer face; I= telson.

Fig. 2 in On two partially known species of the genus Gammarus Leach 1813/14 (Fam. Gammaridae) from Asia Minor (Turkey) (Contribution to the Knowledge of the Amphipoda 304)

Fig. 2. Gammarus werneri (S. Karaman 1934), Iznik (Istanbul Kapu), Turkey, male 8.0 mm: A-B= gnathopod 1; C-D= gnathopod 2; E= distal corner of gnathopod 2 propodus, inner face; F= uropod 3.

Fig. 3 in On two partially known species of the genus Gammarus Leach 1813/14 (Fam. Gammaridae) from Asia Minor (Turkey) (Contribution to the Knowledge of the Amphipoda 304)

Fig. 3. Gammarus werneri (S. Karaman 1934), Iznik (Istanbul Kapu), Turkey, male 8.0 mm: A= epimeral plates 1 -3; B= dorsoposterior margin of metasomal segments 1-3; C= pereopod 5; D= pereopod 6; E= pereopod 7; F= dactylus of pereopod 7.

Fig. 1 in On two partially known species of the genus Gammarus Leach 1813/14 (Fam. Gammaridae) from Asia Minor (Turkey) (Contribution to the Knowledge of the Amphipoda 304)

Fig. 1. Gammarus werneri (S. Karaman 1934), Iznik (Istanbul Kapu), Turkey, male 8.0 mm: A-B= antenna 1; C-D= left and right antenna 2; E= pereopod 3; F= pereopod 4; G= telson.

Fig. 5 in On two partially known species of the genus Gammarus Leach 1813/14 (Fam. Gammaridae) from Asia Minor (Turkey) (Contribution to the Knowledge of the Amphipoda 304)

Fig. 5. Gammarus werneri (S. Karaman 1934), Iznik (Istanbul Kapu), Turkey, Holotype, male: A= pereopod 7; B= uropod 3 (contour only, entire figure see S. Karaman 1934, fig. 3b]; C= second uropod 3 on the same slide. Female 7.0 mm, Iznik (Istanbul Kapu), Turkey: D= antenna 1; E= epimeral plates with metasomal segments 1-3; F= telson.

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FIG. 1 in Virescentia asiatica sp. nov. (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta), a new freshwater red alga from East Asia

FIG. 1. — Sampling locations for the two Virescentia asiatica sp. nov. specimens collected in Taiwan and reported in this study. The two sampling sites are denoted by red dots.

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FIG. 3 in Virescentia asiatica sp. nov. (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta), a new freshwater red alga from East Asia

FIG. 3. — Morphological features of Virescentia asiatica sp. nov.: A, in situ gross morphology with diminutive holdfast (arrow). Arrowheads indicate the curvature of the branch; B, habit of the thalli with diminutive holdfast (arrow). Arrowheads indicate the curvature of the branch; C, contiguous barrel-shaped whorls formed by primary fascicles at nodes on the branch; D, branch showing whorls with hemispherical carposporophyte (arrow) at nodes and abundant secondary fascicles covering the entire internode; E, spherical spermatangia (arrow) at the tips of the fascicle cells; F, young straight carpogonial branch (double arrowhead) with carpogonium and unstalked (arrowhead) trichogyne (arrow); G, straight mature carpogonial branch with carpogonium (double arrowhead), cylindrical and stalked (arrowhead) trichogyne (arrow); H, compact and dense involucral branch;I, compact involucral branch with carpogonium and clavate trichogyne (arrow); J, carpogonial branch with trichogyne (arrow) arising from the basal periaxial cells of primary fascicle; K, four hemispherical carposporophyte at nodes; L, obovoidal carposporangia (arrows) at the tips of the gonimoblast filaments; M, close-up view of obovoidal carposporangia (arrows) at the tips of the gonimoblast filaments (arrowheads). Scale bars: A, 5 mm; B, 1 mm; C, 200 μm; D, K, 300 μm; E, F, M, 40 μm; G-I, 20 μm; J, L, 80 μm.

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FIG. 2 in Virescentia asiatica sp. nov. (Batrachospermales, Rhodophyta), a new freshwater red alga from East Asia

FIG. 2. — Maximum likelihood (ML) tree of Virescentia (Sirodot) Necchi, D.C.Agostinho & M.L.Vis inferred from the concatenation of rbcL + COI-5P (left panel), and results of ABGD species delimitation analysis based on rbcL (left side of right panel) and COI-5P (right side of right panel). Sequences produced from this study are highlighted in bold. Nodal support presented as percentage bootstrap from ML and as posterior probabilities from Bayesian Inference (BI), respectively. Abbreviations: ABGD, Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery; ND, not determined.

Figure 6 in Turtle shell bone and osteoderm histology of Mesozoic and Cenozoic stem-trionychian Adocidae and Nanhsiungchelyidae (Cryptodira: Adocusia) from Central Asia, Mongolia, and North America

Figure 6. Bone histology of Trionychidae indet. (ZIN PH 11/101). Images (a), (b), (f), and (g) are in polarised light, images (c) and (e) in normal transmitted light, and image (d) in polarised light applying a lambda compensator. (a) Composite overview image assembled from several images and transferred on a black background. Note distally tapering of the internal cortex. (b) Close-up of cancellous bone and internal cortex, the latter being composed of parallel-fibred bone tissue. (c, d) Close-up of distal end of the specimen. The cancellous bone is subsequently substituted by a loose meshwork of longitudinal coarse fibre bundles. (e, f) Close-up of the proximal part of external cortex, showing a thick, more external zone of predominantly parallel trending interwoven structural fibres (mirroring parallel-fibred bone tissue arrangement), overlying a thin plywood-like system of the more internal zone. Note oblique coarser Sharpey's fibres extending over the plies. (g) Close-up of a more distally situated part the external cortex, where the individual plies of the more internal zone have increased to about twice the thickness seen in the more proximal part of the cortex. The interwoven structural fibre bundles of the more external zone show a more homogeneous distribution instead of dominance of horizontally arranged fibre bundles. Abbreviations: CB, cancellous bone; EC, erosion cavity; ECO; external cortex; EZ, more external zone; GM, growth mark; ICO, internal cortex; IZ, more internal zone, ISF, interwoven structural fibre bundles; lsFB, longitudinally sectioned fibre bundle; PC, primary vascular canal; PFB, parallel-fibred bone; ShF, Sharpey's fibres.

Figure 4 in Turtle shell bone and osteoderm histology of Mesozoic and Cenozoic stem-trionychian Adocidae and Nanhsiungchelyidae (Cryptodira: Adocusia) from Central Asia, Mongolia, and North America

Figure 4. Shell bone histology of Basilemys sp. from North America. Image (a) is in normal transmitted light, and images (b–f) are in polarised light. (a, b) Section of the external cortex of the peripheral YPM 9703 showing characteristic spindle-shaped organisation of growth marks and the "pock-mark" sculpturing pattern of the bone surface. Note "lateral" shift between successive layers causing phasedelayed "saddle and valley" ornamentation pattern. (c) Close-up of the trabecular meshwork of interior cancellous bone of YPM 9703. Note interstitial primary bone matrix in trabecular nodes. (d) Close-up of the internal cortex of the peripheral shell fragment FM P27371. Parallel-fibred bone is vascularised by scattered primary osteons and simple vascular canals. (e) Close-up of the apical external cortex of the spiked osteoderm TMP 80.08.296, showing the external "pock-mark" sculpturing pattern and the spindle-shaped arrangement of bone tissue. (f) Close-up of the internal and lateral cortex of TMP 80.08.296. Note regular arrangement of transversely and longitudinally sectioned interwoven structural fibre bundles. Abbreviations: CB, cancellous bone; ISF, interwoven structural fibre bundles; LB, lamellar bone; lsFB, longitudinally sectioned fibre bundle; PC, primary vascular canal; PO, primary osteon, PFB, parallel-fibred bone; SO, secondary osteon; trFB, transversely sectioned fibre bundle.

Figure 3 in Turtle shell bone and osteoderm histology of Mesozoic and Cenozoic stem-trionychian Adocidae and Nanhsiungchelyidae (Cryptodira: Adocusia) from Central Asia, Mongolia, and North America

Figure 3. Bone histology of Nanhsiungchelyidae from Central Asia and Mongolia. Images (a) and (e) are in normal transmitted light, images (c) and (f) in polarised light, and (b) and (d) in polarised light applying a lambda compensator. (a, b) Close-up of external cortex of ZIN PH 38/80 (Nanhsiungchelyidae indet.). The more external zone shows growth marks, representing resorption lines in the cortical tissue. The more internal zone shows interwoven structural fibre bundles, vascularised by primary osteons and simple vascular canals. Note scattered secondary osteons. (c, d) Close-up of the external cortex of PIN 3458 (Hanbogdemys orientalis). Note presence of fibres extending perpendicular to the bone surface and subparallel growth marks in the external-most layers. Isolated primary vascular canals open up to the bone surface as small foramina. Note succession of resorption lines in the cortex. (e, f) Close-up of the interior cancellous bone and internal cortex of PIN 3458 (Hanbogdemys orientalis). The cortical parallel-fibred bone tissue is increasingly invaded by erosion cavities, only in parts lined with centripetally deposited secondary lamellar bone. Abbreviations: EC, erosion cavity; GM, growth mark; ISF, interwoven structural fibre bundles; OP, ornamentation pattern; PC, primary vascular canal; PFB, parallel-fibred bone; RL, resorption line; SO, secondary osteon; TR, trabecular bone.

Figure 5 in Turtle shell bone and osteoderm histology of Mesozoic and Cenozoic stem-trionychian Adocidae and Nanhsiungchelyidae (Cryptodira: Adocusia) from Central Asia, Mongolia, and North America

Figure 5. Bone histology of Trionychidae indet. (ZIN PH 3/75). Images (a) and (e) are in normal transmitted light, images (b) and (f) in polarised light, and (c) and (d) in polarised light applying a lambda compensator. (a–c) Close-up of the external cortex showing the plywoodlike system below the external ornamentation pattern. Note internal organisation of plies into fibre bundle quadrangles (see Scheyer et al., 2007), visible as alternating light and dark bundles (b) or yellow-orange and blue-violet bundles (c). Internal to the ply system the bone is coarsely cancellous. (d) Close up of the plywood-like system showing the longitudinally trending plies separating the plies, which show the alternating longitudinally sectioned (yellow-orange) and cross-sectioned (blue-violet) fibre bundle quadrangles. (e) Interior cancellous bone showing predominantly remodelled trabeculae and horizontally oblong intertrabecular cavities. (f) Close-up of the internal cortex showing lamellar zonal bone grading into parallel-fibred bone. Abbreviations: CCB, coarse cancellous bone; FBQ, fibre bundle quadrangles; ISF, interwoven structural fibre bundles; LSO, longitudinally sectioned secondary osteon; LZB-PFB, lamellar zonal bone-parallel-fibred bone; OP, ornamentation pattern; PC, primary vascular canal; PFB, parallel-fibred bone; ShF, Sharpey's fibres; TR, trabecular bone.

Figure 2 in Turtle shell bone and osteoderm histology of Mesozoic and Cenozoic stem-trionychian Adocidae and Nanhsiungchelyidae (Cryptodira: Adocusia) from Central Asia, Mongolia, and North America

Figure 2. Bone histology of Adocidae from Central Asia and Mongolia. Images (a), (c), and (e) are in normal transmitted light, images (b), (d), and (f) in polarised light. (a) Close-up of the external cortex of ZIN PH 84/87 ("Ferganemys" itemirensis). Growth marks are visible in the more external zone, whereas the more internal zone is dominated by an extensive reticular vascularisation pattern. (b) Close-up of the external cortex of ZIN PH 2/116 (Shachemys sp., xiphiplastron: external bone surface is in lower part of image). The more external zone shows highly birefringent growth marks, whereas the more internal zone is increasingly remodelled by secondary osteons. (c) Close-up of the external cortex of ZIN PH 92 (Adocus dzhurtasensis). Note absence of the more external zone. (d) Interior coarse cancellous bone of ZIN PH 593/64 (Adocus foveatus). (e) Close-up of the interior trabecular bone of ZIN PH 2/91 (Adocus sp.). (f) Close-up of the internal cortex of ZIN PH 37/86 ("Ferganemys" itermirensis, plastron fragment) showing parallel-fibred bone grading into lamellar bone. Note the light and dark extinction pattern of the tissue. Abbreviations: EC, erosion cavities; GM, growth mark; ISF, interwoven structural fibre bundles; PFBLZB, parallel-fibred bone-lamellar zonal bone; PC, primary vascular canal; RVP, reticular vascularisation pattern; SO, secondary osteon; TR, trabecular bone.

Figure 1 in Turtle shell bone and osteoderm histology of Mesozoic and Cenozoic stem-trionychian Adocidae and Nanhsiungchelyidae (Cryptodira: Adocusia) from Central Asia, Mongolia, and North America

Figure 1. Shell bone histology of Adocus sp. from North America. Image (a) is in normal transmitted light, and images (b–d) are in polarised light. Close-up of the interwoven structural fibre bundles of external cortex of the peripheral UCMP V87101/150201. (a, b) Note presence of growth marks and perpendicular fibre bundles in the more external zone. The more internal zone shows fine-fibred homogeneous structure of the ISF. (c) Close-up of interior trabecular and coarse cancellous bone of the costal UCMP V87101/150200. (d) Close-up of parallel-fibred bone of internal cortex of the costal UCMP V87101/150200. The bone tissue is vascularised by few scattered primary vascular canals only. Abbreviations: EC, erosion cavities; GM, growth mark; ISF, interwoven structural fibre bundles; LB, lamellar bone; PC, primary vascular canal; PFB, parallel-fibred bone; SO, secondary osteon.

Fig. 18 in Crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the Seas of East and Southeast Asia Collected by the RV Hakuhō Maru (KH-72-1 Cruise) 3. Sahul Shelf

Fig. 18.ɹA–B: Pilumnus rotundus Borradaile, $ (NSMT-Cr 30760; CB 10.6×CL 7.5 mm) from sta. 29. C: Pilumnus semilanatus Miers, $ (NSMT-Cr 30761; CB 14.7×CL 11.1 mm) from sta. 29. D: Pilumnus minutus (De Haan), Ə (NSMT-Cr 30755; CB 8.9×CL 6.1 mm) from sta. 29. E–F: Pilumnus longicornis Hilgendorf, Ə (NSMT-Cr 30754; CB 11.2×CL 8.6 mm) from sta. 29.

Fig. 16 in Crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the Seas of East and Southeast Asia Collected by the RV Hakuhō Maru (KH-72-1 Cruise) 3. Sahul Shelf

Fig. 16.ɹA–C: Glabropilumnus seminudus (Miers), $ (NSMT-Cr 30749; CB 17.8×CL 12.1 mm) from sta. 29. D–E: Cryptocoeloma haswelli Rathbun, Ə (NSMT-Cr 30747; CB 7.0×CL 5.0 mm) from sta. 29. F: Serenolumnus kasijani (Serène), ovig. $ (NSMT-Cr.30763; CB 6.4×CL 4.7 mm) from sta. 32.

Fig. 17 in Crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the Seas of East and Southeast Asia Collected by the RV Hakuhō Maru (KH-72-1 Cruise) 3. Sahul Shelf

Fig. 17.ɹLatopilumnus tuberculosus (Garth and Kim) from sta. 29. A–C: Ə (NSMT-Cr 30780; CB 4.8× CL 3.3 mm). D: $(NSMT-Cr 30781; CB 4.8×CL 3.2 mm).

Fig. 15 in Crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the Seas of East and Southeast Asia Collected by the RV Hakuhō Maru (KH-72-1 Cruise) 3. Sahul Shelf

Fig. 15.ɹA–C: Camptoplax coppingeri Miers, Ə (NSMT-Cr 30745; CB 5.7×CL 4.5 mm) from sta. 29. D–E: Bathypilumnus pugilator (A. Milne-Edwards), Ə (NSMT-Cr 30743; CB 7.9×CL 5.9 mm) from sta. 29.

Fig. 14 in Crabs (Crustacea, Decapoda) from the Seas of East and Southeast Asia Collected by the RV Hakuhō Maru (KH-72-1 Cruise) 3. Sahul Shelf

Fig. 14.ɹA–C: Thalamita intermedia Miers, Ə (NSMT-Cr 30737; CB 12.7×CL 8.6 mm) from sta. 29. Dorsal view (A), right anterolateral teeth (B), and front-orbital margin (C). D–F: Thalamita sima H. Milne Edwards, Ə (NSMT-Cr 30738; CB 20.2×CL 14.0 mm)from sta. 30. Dorsal view (D), frontal margin (E), and both chelae (F).