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FIGURE 4 in Indocalamus chongzhouensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new synonym of I. emeiensis: evidence from morphology and complete chloroplast genome data
FIGURE 4. Micromophology of leaf abaxial epidermis under SEM. A–D. Indocalamus chongzhouensis (Chongzhou, Sichuan, China); E–H. I. emeiensis (E'mei, Sichuan, China). Abbreviations: ep, elongated papillae; sp, short papillae; mi, microhairs; sb, silica bodies; pr, prickles. (Scale bars = 5 μm [B, D, F & H]; 10 μm [C & G]; 50 μm [A & E]).
FIGURE 3 in Indocalamus chongzhouensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new synonym of I. emeiensis: evidence from morphology and complete chloroplast genome data
FIGURE 3. Morphological comparison between Indocalamus chongzhouensis (A–F) and I. emeiensis (G–L). A and G. Part of young culm, showing white-powdery and hirsute infranodal region; B and H. Culm sheath; C and I. Sheath auricle and oral setae; D and J. Branching node; E and K. Longitudinal section of branching node; F and L. part of ultimate leafy branch, showing leaf sheath, auricles, and oral setae. (Scale bars=1 cm).
FIGURE 1. Indocalamus chongzhouensis. A in Indocalamus chongzhouensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new synonym of I. emeiensis: evidence from morphology and complete chloroplast genome data
FIGURE 1. Indocalamus chongzhouensis. A. Syntype (Yi 03014, SIFS); B. Culm sheath; C. Leaf sheath, auricles and oral setae; D. Sheath auricles, oral setae and the base of sheath blade; E. Culm sheath, sheath auricle and oral setae. (Scale bars=1 cm).
FIGURE 6. Indocalamus emeiensis. A and B in Indocalamus chongzhouensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new synonym of I. emeiensis: evidence from morphology and complete chloroplast genome data
FIGURE 6. Indocalamus emeiensis. A and B. Habitat and habit; C and D. Rhizome and new shoot; E. Apex of new shoot, showing sheath auricle, oral setae and ligule; F. Infranodal region of young culm; G–J. Culm sheath; K. Part of ultimate leafy branch, showing leaf auricle and oral setae; L. Branching node; M. Longitudinal section of branching node. (Scale bars=1 m [A & B]; 1 cm [C–M]).
FIGURE 5 in Indocalamus chongzhouensis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae), a new synonym of I. emeiensis: evidence from morphology and complete chloroplast genome data
FIGURE 5. Phylogeny of Arundinarieae inferred from maximum likelihood (ML) analysis based on complete chloroplast genomes of 44 representative bamboos. Colored branches indicate 11 accepted lineages of Arundinarieae (I–XI). Numbers associated with branches indicate the bootstrap value and the posterior probability, respectively. Asterisks indicate 100% bootstrap support or 1.0 posterior probability. Hyphens indicate the bootstrap support or the posterior probability lower than 50% or 0.5.
FIGURE 14. Chloeia viridis Schmarda, 1861, restricted. A. Complete live specimen from Florida, dorsal view. B in Revision of Chloeia Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 from tropical American seas (Annelida, Amphinomidae)
FIGURE 14. Chloeia viridis Schmarda, 1861, restricted. A. Complete live specimen from Florida, dorsal view. B. Another specimen from Florida (USNM 4532), anterior end, dorsal view (LL: lateral (plicated basal) lobes, MA: median antenna, ML: median (plicate) lobe, PA: paired antennae). C. Illustration from Schmarda (1861). D. Specimen from Colombia (UMML 22.913), pigmentation pattern from median segments. E. Specimen from Puerto Rico (USNM 15919), neurochaeta from first chaetiger. F, G. Same, neurochaetae from median chaetigers. H, I. Same, notochaetae from median chaetigers. Scale bars: B, 1 mm; D, 2 mm; E, F, 20 μm; G, 50 μm; H, I, 10 μm (Photo A: Eric Vaandering).
FIGURE 18. Apertochrysa abdominalis with all crossveins completely black, a in The Apertochrysa prasina group (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), with a key to the European species
FIGURE 18. Apertochrysa abdominalis with all crossveins completely black, a double row of black spots per segment on parts of the abdomen, and black dorsal spots on a brown band on the prothorax (female from Halle, Germany).
FIGURE 3. New dictyopteran tegmina from the Benxi Formation, western Beijing. A, A nearly complete specimen NIGP180001. B in New dictyopteran fossils from the Pennsylvanian of West Beijing, China
FIGURE 3. New dictyopteran tegmina from the Benxi Formation, western Beijing. A, A nearly complete specimen NIGP180001. B, An incomplete specimen, part, NIGP180002a. C, Counterpart, NIGP180002b. D, An incomplete specimen (NIGP180003), probably same species of B and C. E, A fragment, part, NIGP180004a. F, Counterpart (NIGP180004b) of E. G, A fragment, NIGP180005. H, A fragment, NIGP180006. Scale bars = 5 mm in A–D, 2 mm in E–H.
CESM2 ocean model complete grid information
<p>All CESM2 ocean grid coordinates and scalar constants</p>
Data from: A parapatric propensity for breeding precludes the completion of speciation in common teal (Anas crecca, sensu lato)
Speciation is a process in which genetic drift and selection cause divergence over tSpeciation is a process in which genetic drift and selection cause divergence over time. However, there is no rule dictating the time required for speciation, and even low levels of gene flow hinder divergence, so that taxa may be poised at the threshold of speciation for long periods of evolutionary time. We sequenced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and eight nuclear introns (nuDNA) to estimate genomic levels of differentiation and gene flow between the Eurasian common teal (Anas crecca crecca) and the North American green-winged teal (A. c. carolinensis). These ducks come into contact in Beringia (northeastern Asia and northwestern North America) and have likely done so, perhaps cyclically, since the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition, ~2.6 Ma, when they apparently began diverging. They have diagnosable differences in male plumage and are 6.9% divergent in the mtDNA control region, with only 1 of 58 crecca and 2 of 86 carolinensis having haplotypes grouping with the other. Two nuclear loci were likewise strongly structured between these teal (ΦST > 0.35), but six loci were undifferentiated or only weakly structured (ΦST = 0.0–0.06). Gene flow between crecca and carolinensis was ~1 individual per generation in both directions in mtDNA, but was asymmetrical in nuDNA, with ~1 and ~20 individuals per generation immigrating into crecca and carolinensis, respectively. This study illustrates that species delimitation using a single marker oversimplifies the complexity of the speciation process, and it suggests that even with divergent selection, moderate levels of gene flow may stall the speciation process short of completion.
The first complete mitochondrial genome in the family Attevidae (Atteva aurea) of the order Lepidoptera
<p><strong>Figure 1. </strong>Four tandem repeat units found between <em>trnG</em> and <em>trnA </em>with various copy numbers (A1–A4, B1–B3, C1–C12, and D1–D2). The nucleotide position is indicated at each end of the sequence in relation to the mitochondrial genome of <em>Atteva aurea</em>.</p> <p><strong>Figure 2</strong>. Linear arrangement of<strong> </strong>the mitochondrial genome of <em>A. aurea</em>. Gene sizes are not drawn to scale. Non-underlined and underlined gene names indicate forward and reverse transcriptional directions, respectively. Translocated genes are indicated by lines with arrows.</p> <p><strong>Table 1</strong>.<strong> </strong>Summary of <em>Atteva aurea </em>mitochondrial genome.</p> <p><strong>Supplementary material 1. </strong>List of primers used to amplify and sequence the <em>Atteva aurea</em> mitochondrial genome.</p>
Complete NMR data set for Quinidine, Nicotine and m-Xylene
<p>NMR Data set for Quinidine, Nicotine and m-Xylene at 500 MHz, 80MHz and 43 MHz</p>
An example dataset for Multi-modal brain tumor data completion based on reconstruction consistency loss
<p>This is part of inputs and corresponding prediction results of the method, which is proposed in "Multi-modal brain tumor data completion based on reconstruction consistency loss" . This dataset can be only used for paper review, please do not share, thanks. The struction of this dataset is as follows:</p> <p>1.There are three folders, where pred_data stores the network image outputs. test_data stores the input images. trained model include the trained model by our network.</p> <p>2.The serial number is in a one-to-one correspondence.</p> <p>3.If you want to use the trained model, please download brats18 dataset and preprocess your dataset, which can refer to <a href="https://github.com/zhangshuang317/RAGAN/">https://github.com/zhangshuang317/RAGAN/</a>.</p>
Recent population differentiation in the habitat specialist Glossy Antshrike (Aves: Thamnophilidae) across Amazonian seasonally flooded forests: Complete matrix
<p>We assessed population structure and the spatio-temporal pattern of diversification in the Glossy Antshrike <i>Sakesphorus luctuosus</i> (Aves, Thamnophilidae) to understand the processes shaping the evolutionary history of Amazonian floodplains and address unresolved taxonomic controversies surrounding its species limits. By targeting ultraconserved elements (UCEs) from 32 specimens of <i>S. luctuosus</i>, we identified independent lineages and estimated their differentiation, divergence times and migration rates. We also estimated current and past demographic histories for each recovered lineage. We found evidence confirming that <i>S. luctuosus</i> consists of a single species, comprising at least four populations, with some highly admixed individuals and overall similar levels of migration between populations. We confirmed the differentiation of the Araguaia River basin population (<i>S. l.</i> <i>araguayae</i>), and gathered circumstantial evidence indicating that the taxon <i>S. hagmanni</i> may represent a highly introgressed population between 3 distinct phylogroups of <i>S. luctuosus</i>. Divergence time estimates between populations seem to be recent, occurring during the last 183 kya. Signs of population expansions were detected for populations attributed to subspecies <i>S. l. luctuosus</i>, but the <i>S. l. araguayae </i>population had probably maintained its effective size through time. Our results support<b> </b>that <i>S. luctuosus</i> has had a complex population history, resulting from a high dependence on southeastern "clear-water" habitats and their availability through time. Spatial and demographic expansions towards the western "white water" flooded forests might still be ongoing. Our study reinforces the view that isolation due to absence of suitable habitat has been an important driver of population differentiation within Amazonian flooded forests, but also that differences between <i>várzeas</i> ("white water" floodplains, mostly in southwestern Amazonia) and <i>igapós</i> ("clear- water" floodplains, especially located in the east) should be further explored as powerful drivers of micro-evolution.</p>
Subspecies and Distribution. M.o.ochreataOgilby,1841—SESulawesi,throughtheentireSEpeninsula,extendingtotheNofthelakesregion;intheE,theborderbetweenthissubspeciesandtheTonkeanMacaque(M.tonkeana)istheLaRiver,whileintheWitextendsalongthecoast,acrosstheKaraenaRiverinitslowercourse,butnotreachingintouplandsfurtherinland. M. o. brunnescens Matschie, 1901 — Muna and Buton Is, and possibly the neighboring islet of Pulau Labuan Blanda, off the coast of Sulawesi; it may no longer occur on Muna because it is almost completely deforested. in Cercopithecidae
Subspecies and Distribution. M.o.ochreataOgilby,1841—SESulawesi,throughtheentireSEpeninsula,extendingtotheNofthelakesregion;intheE,theborderbetweenthissubspeciesandtheTonkeanMacaque(M.tonkeana)istheLaRiver,whileintheWitextendsalongthecoast,acrosstheKaraenaRiverinitslowercourse,butnotreachingintouplandsfurtherinland. M. o. brunnescens Matschie, 1901 — Muna and Buton Is, and possibly the neighboring islet of Pulau Labuan Blanda, off the coast of Sulawesi; it may no longer occur on Muna because it is almost completely deforested.
Nesokia is sister to Bandicota and are nested in Rattus phylogenetically, making Rat- tus paraphyletic. Tarsomys, Limnomys, and Diplothrix are also phylogenetically in Rat- tus, and the clade is in need of focused re- vision at the generic level. Nesokia bunnui was originally described as a separate ge-nus, Erythronesokia, because it is morphologically very distinctive from N. indica. Type specimen was destroyed during the Iraq War, and a neotype was recently designated to replace it. Monotypic. Distribution. Tigris and Euphrates river valleys, SE Iraq. Descriptive notes. Head—body 230-260 mm, tail 205-270 mm, ear 18-21 mm, hindfoot 49-58 mm; weight 519 g. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is larger than the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat (N. indica). Pelage is soft and woolly, interspersed with harsher coarse hair and long black hairs near mid-back. Dorsum is fawn to ocherous red, washed with purple or chestnuton darker individuals. Hairs are basally slate-gray and distally rufous, occasionally with whitish or black tips. Muzzle is drab. Sides arefawn, with gray edge toward venter. Venteris whitish, extending onto cheeks where the same pattern from gray to fawn to dorsal pelage occurs. Feet are large and robust, being light brown and well-furred dorsally. Claws are amber on forefeet and dull brown on hindfeet; pollux is extremely small. Ears are moderately long and brownish, with no hair internally. Tail is ¢.82-104% of head-body length and deep brownish drab, interspersed with visible white hair. Skull is large and robust, similarly to the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat. Habitat. Marsh and swamp land. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is terrestrial, although it isfound in swampy and marshy areas and is probably amphibious. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Longtailed Bandicoot Rat is apparently rare and is known from very few specimens. Marsh and swamp habitats in which it is found were completely destroyed during the Iraq War by draining, war damage, and agricultural expansion. In recent years, flooding from Tigris and Euphrates rivers and high snow fall and melt haveresulted in partial restoration ofits native habitat, although restoration is not a complete. Populations are now probably highly fragmented. Bibliography. Al-Ansari et al. (2012), Al-Robaae & Felten (1990), Khajuria (1981), Krystufek et al. (2017), Musser & Carleton (2005), Richardson & Hussain (2006), Stuart (2008). in Muridae
Nesokia is sister to Bandicota and are nested in Rattus phylogenetically, making Rat- tus paraphyletic. Tarsomys, Limnomys, and Diplothrix are also phylogenetically in Rat- tus, and the clade is in need of focused re- vision at the generic level. Nesokia bunnui was originally described as a separate ge-nus, Erythronesokia, because it is morphologically very distinctive from N. indica. Type specimen was destroyed during the Iraq War, and a neotype was recently designated to replace it. Monotypic. Distribution. Tigris and Euphrates river valleys, SE Iraq. Descriptive notes. Head—body 230-260 mm, tail 205-270 mm, ear 18-21 mm, hindfoot 49-58 mm; weight 519 g. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is larger than the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat (N. indica). Pelage is soft and woolly, interspersed with harsher coarse hair and long black hairs near mid-back. Dorsum is fawn to ocherous red, washed with purple or chestnuton darker individuals. Hairs are basally slate-gray and distally rufous, occasionally with whitish or black tips. Muzzle is drab. Sides arefawn, with gray edge toward venter. Venteris whitish, extending onto cheeks where the same pattern from gray to fawn to dorsal pelage occurs. Feet are large and robust, being light brown and well-furred dorsally. Claws are amber on forefeet and dull brown on hindfeet; pollux is extremely small. Ears are moderately long and brownish, with no hair internally. Tail is ¢.82-104% of head-body length and deep brownish drab, interspersed with visible white hair. Skull is large and robust, similarly to the Short-tailed Bandicoot Rat. Habitat. Marsh and swamp land. Food and Feeding. No information. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. The Long-tailed Bandicoot Rat is terrestrial, although it isfound in swampy and marshy areas and is probably amphibious. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Longtailed Bandicoot Rat is apparently rare and is known from very few specimens. Marsh and swamp habitats in which it is found were completely destroyed during the Iraq War by draining, war damage, and agricultural expansion. In recent years, flooding from Tigris and Euphrates rivers and high snow fall and melt haveresulted in partial restoration ofits native habitat, although restoration is not a complete. Populations are now probably highly fragmented. Bibliography. Al-Ansari et al. (2012), Al-Robaae & Felten (1990), Khajuria (1981), Krystufek et al. (2017), Musser & Carleton (2005), Richardson & Hussain (2006), Stuart (2008).
FIGURE 7 in The complete mitochondrial genome of Thereuopoda clunifera (Chilopoda: Scutigeridae) and phylogenetic implications within Chilopoda
FIGURE 7. Nucleotide-based phylogenetic tree of 25 Myriapoda species with one Merostomata species as an outgroup. Numbers at nodes represent the posterior probability for the Bayesian analysis and bootstrap values for Maximum Likelihood analysis. "-" indicates this clade not supported by ML analysis.
FIGURE 4 in The complete mitochondrial genome of Thereuopoda clunifera (Chilopoda: Scutigeridae) and phylogenetic implications within Chilopoda
FIGURE 4. Evolutionary rates of PCGs among T. clunifera and other 8 species of Chilopoda. Ka: nonsynonymous substitution rate; Ks: synonymous substitution rate. Box and whisker plots represented the value of Ka/Ks for each PCGEvolutionary rates of PCGs among T. clunifera and other 8 species of Chilopoda. Ka: nonsynonymous substitution rate; Ks: synonymous substitution rate. Box and whisker plots represented the value of Ka/Ks for each PCG.
FIGURE 1. Cestrum lozadai. A. Branch with inflorescence and leaves. B. Complete flower. C. Calyx and pistil. D. Corolla and androecium. E in Cestrum lozadai (Solanaceae), a new species from the state of Guerrero, Mexico
FIGURE 1. Cestrum lozadai. A. Branch with inflorescence and leaves. B. Complete flower. C. Calyx and pistil. D. Corolla and androecium. E. Hairy knee-like appendages of the filaments and retrorse trichomes, inner part of the corolla tube. F. Fruits (A, de Santiago et al. 1431, FCME; B F, Lozada et al. 2755, FCME). Illustration by Ramiro Cruz Durán.
Complete mitochondrial genome of the forensically important carrion beetle, Necrodes nigricornis (Coleoptera: Silphidae)
<p>To enrich the genomic data pools of the family Silphidae for subsequent mitogenome-based large-scale phylogenetic study and development of a diverse type of molecular marker (e.g., species identification by restriction fragment length polymorphism and loop-mediated isothermal amplification), which have considerable forensic importance, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of the <em>N. nigricornis</em> for the first time. This sequence was analyzed for mitogenome characteristics, along with a brief comparison to other familial species, and used for phylogenetic analysis within the family Silphidae.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.