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Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) Observation Log

This table contains the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) observation log of the extant and planned observations to be made by this satellite observatory. The Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) is a NASA Small Explorer Mission launched on April 28, 2003. GALEX has been performing the first Space Ultraviolet sky survey. Five imaging surveys in each of two bands (FUV: 1350-1750 Angstroms and NUV: 1750-2800 Angstroms) range from an all-sky survey (limiting mAB ~ 20 - 21) to an ultra-deep survey of 4 square degrees (limiting mAB ~ 26). Three spectroscopic grism surveys (spectral resolution R = 100 - 300) are underway with various depths (mAB ~ 20 - 25) and sky coverage (100 to 2 square degrees) over the 1350 - 2800 Angstroms spectral range. The instrument includes a 50-cm modified Ritchey-Chretien telescope, a dichroic beam splitter and astigmatism corrector, two large, sealed-tube microchannel plate detectors to simultaneously cover the two bands and the 1.2-degree field of view. A rotating wheel provides either imaging or grism spectroscopy with transmitting optics. The GALEX mission also includes an Associate Investigator program for additional observations and supporting data analysis which supports a wide variety of investigations made possible by the first UV sky survey. The HEASARC provides this table of GALEX observations as an assistance to the high-energy astrophysics community, e.g., to enable cross-correlations of GALEX with X-ray observations. The GALEX data are available via MAST at <a href="http://galex.stsci.edu/">http://galex.stsci.edu/</a>. More information about GALEX can be found at <a href="http://www.galex.caltech.edu/">http://www.galex.caltech.edu/</a> and <a href="https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/galex/">https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/galex/</a>. This table was first created in July 2010 using the input file <a href="http://sherpa.caltech.edu/gips/ref/galex_obs_status.csv">http://sherpa.caltech.edu/gips/ref/galex_obs_status.csv</a> obtained from the Caltech GALEX site. This table is updated within a week of the update of the original file. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

TES/Aura L2 Methane Nadir Special Observation V007

TL2CH4NS_7 is the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES)/Aura Level 2 Methane Nadir Special Observation Version 7 data product. TES was an instrument aboard NASA's Aura satellite and was launched from California on July 15, 2004. Data collection for TES is complete. TES Level 2 data contain retrieved species (or temperature) profiles at the observation targets and the estimated errors. The geolocation, quality, and other data (e.g., surface characteristics for nadir observations) were also provided. L2 modeled spectra were evaluated using radiative transfer modeling algorithms. The process, referred to as retrieval, compared observed spectra to the modeled spectra and iteratively updated the atmospheric parameters. L2 standard product files included information for one molecular species (or temperature) for an entire global survey or special observation run. A global survey consisted of a maximum of 16 consecutive orbits. Nadir observations, which point directly to the surface of the Earth, are different from limb observations, which are pointed at various off-nadir angles into the atmosphere. Nadir and limb observations were added to separate L2 files, and a single ancillary file was composed of data that are common to both nadir and limb files. A Nadir sequence within the TES Global Survey was a fixed number of observations within an orbit for a Global Survey. Prior to April 24, 2005, it consisted of two low resolution scans over the same ground locations. After April 24, 2005, Global Survey data consisted of three low resolution scans. The Nadir standard product consists of four files, where each file is composed of the Global Survey Nadir observations from one of four focal planes for a single orbit, i.e. 72 orbit sequences. The Global Survey Nadir observations only used a single set of filter mix. A Global Survey consisted of observations along 16 consecutive orbits at the start of a two day cycle, over which 4,608 retrievals were performed. Each observation was the input for retrievals of species Volume Mixing Ratios (VMRs), temperature profiles, surface temperature, and other data parameters with associated pressure levels, precision, total error, vertical resolution, total column density, and other diagnostic quantities. Each TES Level 2 standard product reported information in a swath format conforming to the HDF-EOS Aura File Format Guidelines. Each Swath object was bounded by the number of observations in a global survey and a predefined set of pressure levels, representing slices through the atmosphere. Each standard product could have had a variable number of observations depending upon the Global Survey configuration and whether averaging was employed. Also, missing or bad retrievals were not reported. Further, observations were occasionally scheduled on non-global survey days. In general they were measurements made for validation purposes or with highly focused science objectives. Those non-global survey measurements were referred to as “special observations.” A Limb sequence within the TES Global Survey was three high-resolution scans over the same limb locations. The Limb standard product consists of four files, where each file is composed of the Global Survey Limb observations from one of four focal planes for a single orbit, i.e. 72 orbit sequences. The Global Survey Limb observations used a repeating sequence of filter wheel positions. Special Observations could only be scheduled during the 9 or 10 orbit gaps in the Global Surveys, and were conducted in any of three basic modes: stare, transect, step-and-stare. The mode used depended on the science requirement. Each limb observation Limb 1, Limb 2 and Limb 3, were processed independently. Thus, each limb standard product consisted of three sets where each set consisted of 1,152 observations. For TES, the swath object represented one of these sets. Thus, each limb standard product consisted of three swath objects, one for each observation, Limb 1, Limb

Ground-Based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Observation Data (1-second sampling, sub-hourly files) from NASA CDDIS

This dataset consists of ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Observation Data (1-second sampling, sub-hourly files) from the NASA Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS). GNSS provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage. GNSS data sets from ground receivers at the CDDIS consist primarily of the data from the U.S. Global Positioning System (GPS) and the Russian GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (GLONASS). Since 2011, the CDDIS GNSS archive includes data from other GNSS (Europe’s Galileo, China’s Beidou, Japan’s Quasi-Zenith Satellite System/QZSS, the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System/IRNSS, and worldwide Satellite Based Augmentation Systems/SBASs), which are similar to the U.S. GPS in terms of the satellite constellation, orbits, and signal structure. The sub-hourly GNSS observation files (un-compacted) contain 15 minutes of GPS or multi-GNSS observation (1-second sampling) data in RINEX format from a global permanent network of ground-based receivers, one file per 15 minutes per site. More information about these data is available on the CDDIS website at https://cddis.nasa.gov/Data_and_Derived_Products/GNSS/high-rate_data.html.

Gridded Observational Sea Ice Thickness Products, Version 1

Fields of long-term mean spring ice thickness derived from ERS-1 (1993-2001) and CryoSat (2011 to 2013) radar altimeters, ICESat laser altimeter (2004 to 2009), Operation IceBridge airborne altimeter and snow radar (2009 to 2014), and submarine upward looking sonar (1986-) are provided on 100 km EASE grids. All satellite-derived ice thickness fields were regridded as needed from their original gridded format to 100-km EASE grids using a drop-in-the-bucket averaging. IceBridge and submarine thickness estimates within 70 km of a 100 km EASE grid box center were averaged to give a grid cell mean thickness.

TES/Aura L2 Carbonyl Sulfide Nadir Special Observation V007

TL2OCSNS_7 is the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES)/Aura Level 2 Atmospheric Temperatures Limb Version 7 data product. TES was an instrument aboard NASA's Aura satellite and was launched from California on July 15, 2004. Data collection for TES is complete. It consisted of information for one molecular species for an entire Global Survey or Special Observation. TES Level 2 data contained retrieved species (or temperature) profiles at the observation targets and the estimated errors. The geolocation, quality and other data (e.g., surface characteristics for nadir observations) were also provided. L2 modeled spectra were evaluated using radiative transfer modeling algorithms. The process, referred to as retrieval, compared observed spectra to the modeled spectra and iteratively updated the atmospheric parameters. L2 standard product files included information for one molecular species (or temperature) for an entire global survey or special observation run. A global survey consisted of a maximum of 16 consecutive orbits. Nadir and limb observations were in separate L2 files, and a single ancillary file was composed of data that are common to both nadir and limb files. A nadir sequence within the TES Global Survey was a fixed number of observations within an orbit for a Global Survey. Prior to April 24, 2005, it consisted of two low resolution scans over the same ground locations. After April 24, 2005, Global Survey data consisted of three low resolution scans. The Nadir standard product consists of four files, where each file is composed of the Global Survey Nadir observations from one of four focal planes for a single orbit, i.e. 72 orbit sequences. The Global Survey Nadir observations only used a single set of filter mix. A Global Survey consists of observations along 16 consecutive orbits at the start of a two day cycle, over which 3,200 retrievals were performed. Each observation was the input for retrievals of species volume mixing ratios (VMRs), temperature profiles, surface temperature and other data parameters with associated pressure levels, precision, total error, vertical resolution, total column density and other diagnostic quantities. Each TES Level 2 standard product reported information in a swath format conforming to the HDF-EOS Aura File Format Guidelines. Each Swath object wa bounded by the number of observations in a global survey and a predefined set of pressure levels representing slices through the atmosphere. Each standard product could have had a variable number of observations depending upon the Global Survey configuration and whether averaging is employed. Also, missing or bad retrievals were not reported. The organization of data within the Swath object was based on a superset of the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) pressure levels that was used to report concentrations of trace atmospheric gases. The reporting grid was the same pressure grid used for modeling. There were 67 reporting levels from 1211.53 hPa, which allowed for very high surface pressure conditions, to 0.1 hPa, about 65 km. In addition, the products reported values directly at the surface when possible or at the observed cloud top level. Thus in the Standard Product files each observation could potentially contain estimates for the concentration of a particular molecule at 67 different pressure levels within the atmosphere. However, for most retrieved profiles, the highest pressure levels were not observed due to a surface at lower pressure or cloud obscuration. For pressure levels corresponding to altitudes below the cloud top or surface, where measurements were not possible, a fill value was applied. To minimize the duplication of information between the individual species standard products, data fields common to each species (such as spacecraft coordinates, emissivity, and other data fields) have been collected into a separate standard product, termed the TES L2 Ancillary Data product (ESDT short name: TL2ANC). U

S-MODE Saildrone Level 1 Observations

This dataset contains a suite of Saildrone in-situ measurements (including but not limited to temperature, salinity, currents, biochemistry, and meteorology) taken during the Sub-Mesoscale Ocean Dynamics Experiment (S-MODE) conducted approximately 300 km offshore of San Francisco during a pilot campaign spanning two weeks in October 2021, and two intensive operating periods (IOPs) in Fall 2022 and Spring 2023. S-MODE aims to understand how ocean dynamics acting on short spatial scales influence the vertical exchange of physical and biological variables in the ocean. Saildrones are wind-and-solar-powered unmanned surface vehicles rigged with atmospheric and oceanic sensors that measure upper ocean horizontal velocities, near-surface temperature and salinity, Chlorophyll-a fluorescence, dissolved oxygen concentration, 5-m winds, air temperature, and surface radiation. Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) data samples are available in their raw 1 Hz sampling frequency as well as 5 minute averages, the latter available with navigation data. Other measurements are available as raw files (1Hz or 20 Hz where applicable), as well as 1 minute averages. L1 data are available as a zip file.

Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center's Earth as Art Image Gallery 2

The Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center manages this collection of forty-five new scenes developed for their aesthetic beauty, rather than for scientific value. The artists of this collection come from three sensors aboard satellites orbiting the Earth - Landsat 7, ASTER, and MODIS.

SnowEx20 Grand Mesa Intensive Observation Period Snow Pit Measurements V001

This data set contains snow pit observations from the SnowEx 2020 Grand Mesa Intensive Observation Period. Data were collected from 154 snow pits on Grand Mesa, Colorado between 27 January and 12 February 2020. The main parameters for this data set are snow temperature, snow depth, snow density, snow stratigraphy, snow grain size, liquid water content, and snow water equivalent. In addition to data files, this data set also contains site photos from each snow pit.

CGRO/BATSE Pulsar Observations

BATSE data are divided into four groups: trigger, daily, occultation, and pulsar. Each group has structured directories beneath it containing data ordered by an appropriate criterion. Typically, several files of data are necessary to form a complete set of data for a particular entity. The BATSE pulsar data are organized similarly to the OCCULTATION data set, with the difference being in the filename extensions: 'olc' files contain on-board folded light curves, whereas 'pll' files (available in the HEASARC anonymous FTP area, but not via this database table) contain pulsar low level data. This database table allows the user to select 'olc' files or GIFs created from these files for 8 out of the several dozen pulsars for which BATSE data are available. This database table was created by the HEASARC based on information supplied by the CGRO Project. The last update was in March 2003. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

Sentinel-3A OLCI Level-3M Global Mapped Earth-observation Reduced Resolution (ERR) Remote-Sensing Reflectance (RRS) - Near Real-time (NRT) Data, version R2022.0

The Ocean Biology DAAC produces near real-time (quicklook) products using the best-available combination of ancillary data from meteorological and ozone data. As such, the inputs and the calibration used are less than optimal. Quicklook products provide a snapshot of the data during a short time period within a single orbit.

Learning to Improve Earth Observation Flight Planning

This paper describes a method and system for integrating machine learning with planning and data visualization for the management of mobile sensors for Earth science investigations. Data mining identifies discrepancies between previous observations and predictions made by Earth science models. Locations of these discrepancies become interesting targets for future observations. Such targets become goals used by a flight planner to generate the observation activities. The cycle of observation, data analysis and planning is repeated continuously throughout a multi-week Earth science investigation.

X-Ray Observations of Compact Group Galaxies

This catalog presents the study of a sample of 15 compact groups (CGs) observed with Chandra/ACIS, Swift/UVOT and Spitzer/IRAC-MIPS for which archival data exist, allowing the authors to obtain SFRs, stellar masses, sSFRs and X-ray fluxes and luminosities for individual, off-nuclear point sources, which they summed to obtain total X-ray luminosities originating in off-nuclear point sources in a galaxy. Details on the Swift and Spitzer observations and data for systems in this sample can be found in Tzanavaris et al. (2010ApJ...716..556T) and Lenkic et al. (2016MNRAS.459.2948L). For Chandra/ACIS observations, see Tzanavaris et al. (2014ApJS..212....9T) and Desjardins et al. (2013ApJ...763..121D; 2014ApJ...790..132D). The authors obtained total galaxy X-ray luminosities, LX, originating from individually detected point sources in a sample of 47 galaxies in 15 compact groups of galaxies (CGs). For the great majority of the galaxies, they found that the detected point sources most likely are local to their associated galaxy, and are thus extragalactic X-ray binaries (XRBs) or nuclear active galactic nuclei (AGNs). For spiral and irregular galaxies, they found that, after accounting for AGNs and nuclear sources, most CG galaxies are either within the +/- 1 sigma scatter of the Mineo et al. LX-star formation rate (SFR) correlation or have higher LX than predicted by this correlation for their SFR. These "excesses" may be due to low metallicities and high interaction levels. For elliptical and S0 galaxies, after accounting for AGNs and nuclear sources, most CG galaxies were found to be consistent with the Boroson et al. LX-stellar mass correlation for low-mass XRBs, with larger scatter, likely due to residual effects such as AGN activity or hot gas. Assuming non-nuclear sources are low- or high-mass XRBs, the authors used appropriate XRB luminosity functions to estimate the probability that stochastic effects can lead to such extreme LX values. They found that, although stochastic effects do not in general appear to be important, for some galaxies there is a significant probability that high LX values can be observed due to strong XRB variability. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2019 based upon the <a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJ/817/95">CDS Catalog J/ApJ/817/95</a> file table3.dat This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

eROSITA Observations Master Catalog

This is the eROSITA Master Catalog which has been created from information supplied to the HEASARC by the <a href="https://erosita.mpe.mpg.de/edr/eROSITAObservations/">eROSITA-DE</a> team. This database table contains the list of observations made by the SRG eROSITA mission. Currently, the German eROSITA Consortium (eROSITA-DE) has made public the observations obtained during the Calibration and Performance Verification (Cal-PV) program for which it holds data exploitation rights. Over one hundred individual pointing and field scans were performed with eROSITA as a prime instrument between mid-September and mid-December 2019 form part of the Cal-PV program. For practical purposes, the eROSITA-DE team has divided the Cal-PV observations into four categories: <pre> Survey fields: These are scan observations of large, contiguous areas of the sky. Magellanic Clouds: These are observations around the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds. Galactic fields: These include observations with |Galactic latitude| < 17 deg. Extragalactic fields: These include observations with |Galactic latitude| > 17 deg. </pre> The HEASARC has created this database table, based on the observations from the shared public data, and added links to associated <a href="https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/db-perl/W3Browse/w3table.pl?MissionHelp=srg-erosita">eROSITA</a> catalogs and data products, where available. The HEASARC produced this database table based on information obtained from the eROSITA-DE website in July 2023. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

MAVEN (Multiple Instrument Ensemble) In-situ Observations, Data Product Bundle, Key Parameter (KP), 4 s Data

The MAVEN In-situ Calibrated Level 2, L2, Science Data Bundle contains selected fully calibrated Data from the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer, NGIMS, Instrument and the Particles and Fields Package together with Ephemeris Information. The Particle and Fields In-situ Instrument Data are from the Extreme Ultraviolet, EUV, Langmuir Probe and Waves, LPW, Antenna, Magnetometer, MAG, Solar Energetic Particles, SEP, SupraThermal And Thermal Ion Composition, STATIC, Solar Wind Electron Analyzer, SWEA, and Solar Wind Ion Analyzer, SWIA, Instruments. All of these Data are in Physical Units and are averaged and/or sampled at a uniform 4 s Cadence. These In-situ Data are derived directly from the Level 2 Data. The Ephemeris Data are derived by using SPICE Libraries and Kernels provided by MAVEN Navigation, NAV, Team and Lockheed-Martin.

IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer Observation Log

This table contains the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer observation log. The Institut de Radio Astronomie Millimetrique (IRAM) was founded in 1979 and is operated as a French-German-Spanish collaboration. Its partner institutes are the CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France), the MPG (Max Planck Gesellschaft, Germany), and the IGN (Instituto Geografico Nacional, Spain). The principal activity of IRAM is the study of cold matter (molecular gas and dust) in the solar system, in our Galaxy, and out to cosmological distances, in order to determine its composition, density, mass, temperature, and kinematics. IRAM operates two observatories at millimeter wavelengths which are open to the international astronomical community: the 30-m single-dish telescope on Pico Veleta (2850 m), Spain, and the six-antenna interferometer on the Plateau de Bure (2550 m) in France. Both sites are at high altitude to reduce the absorption by water vapor. The observatories are supported by the IRAM offices and laboratories in Granada and Grenoble. The observation log included here concerns the Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) and summarizes the observations made there between December 1, 1990, and March 31, 2017, inclusive. No observations were done by the PdBI during the periods 1999-Sep-30 to 2000-Dec-03 and 2006-Sep-25 to 2007-Jan-18 (installation of the new receiver), notice. The observation log for the 30-m telescope is available as the HEASARC database table <a href="/W3Browse/ground-based/iram30mlog.html">IRAM30MLOG</a>, and the observation log for NOEMA (the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array), the successor to the Plateau de Bure observatory, is available as the HEASARC database table <a href="/W3Browse/ground-based/iramnoelog.html">IRAMNOELOG</a>. For more information on IRAM, see <a href="http://www.iram-institute.org/">the IRAM home page</a>. This table was originally ingested by the HEASARC in November 2005. It is based on the CDS table B/iram/, files pdbi.dat and pdbi_pi.dat. It was last updated in July 2019, based on an updated version of these tables which were also obtained from the CDS. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center's Landsat State Mosaics Gallery

The Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center manages the this gallery of images of the 50 U.S. states plus Puerto Rico as derived by Landsat data.

Swift Simultaneous UV, Optical, and X-Ray Observed Quasar Catalog

The authors have compiled a catalog of optically selected quasars with simultaneous observations in UV/optical and X-ray bands by the Swift Gamma-ray Burst Explorer. Objects in this catalog are identified by matching the Swift pointings with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 5 (DR5) quasar catalog. The final catalog contains 843 objects, among which 637 have both Ultraviolet Optical Telescope (UVOT) and X-Ray Telescope (XRT) observations and 354 of which are detected by both instruments. The overall X-ray detection rate is ~ 60% which rises to ~ 85% among sources with at least 10 ks of XRT exposure time. The authors construct the time-averaged spectral energy distribution (SED) for each of the 354 quasars using UVOT photometric measurements and XRT spectra. From model fits to these SEDs, they find that the big blue bump contributes about ~ 0.3 dex to the quasar luminosity. The authors re-visit the alphaox - L2500A relation by selecting a clean sample with only Type 1 radio-quiet quasars; the dispersion of this relation is reduced by at least 15% compared with studies that use non-simultaneous UV/optical and X-ray data. They find only a weak correlation between Lbol/LEdd and alphaUV. They do not find significant correlations between alphax and alphaox, alphaox and alphaUV, and alphax and log L(0.3-10 keV). The correlations between alphaUV and alphax, alphaox and alphax, alphaox and alphaUV, Lbol/LEdd and alphax, and Lbol/LEdd and alphaox are stronger among low-redshift quasars, indicating that these correlations are likely driven by the changes of SED shape with accretion state. This quasar sample was compiled in the following steps: 1. Candidate objects for the catalog were selected as any SDSS DR5 quasar that lie within 20 arcminutes of the center of the Swift FOV in any pointing from launch through 2008 June. 2. XRT data were processed to obtain X-ray count rates, spectra, and spectral parameters. 3. UVOT data were processed to obtain UV and optical photometry. 4. UVOT photometry were supplemented with measurements at other wavelengths from published catalogs. 5. Quasar SEDs were constructed. 6. Additional parameters were calculated based on the SEDs of each quasar. The raw sample is constructed by matching 3.5 years Swift pointings and the SDSS DR5 quasar catalog and contains 1034 objects. This HEASARC version of this catalog contains all 1034 objects in the "raw" catalog. To select only the 843 objects in the "final" catalog, the user should specify catalog_flag = 1 in any searches of this table. This table was created by the HEASARC in August 2012 based on an electronic version of Table 8 from the reference paper which was obtained from the ApJS web site. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

Sentinel-3B OLCI Level-3M Global Mapped Earth-observation Reduced Resolution (ERR) Chlorophyll (CHL) - Near Real-time (NRT) Data, version R2022.0

Copernicus X-Ray Observations

Copernicus was the third satellite in the OAO program. It was launched the 21 august of 1972 and operated till 1981. The main instrument was an ultraviolet telescope with a spectrometer to measure interstellar absorption lines in the spectra of stellar objects. However it carried also an X-ray experiment provided by University College of London/MSSL consisted in 4 co-aligned experiments sensitive in the 1-10 keV energy range. This database accesses the raw FITS file containing data obtained from the UCL X-ray Experiment (UCLXE) package on board Copernicus. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

IUE (International Ultraviolet Explorer) Final Merged Observation Log

This IUE (International Ultraviolet Explorer) Observation Log contains a summary of all IUE Newly Extracted Spectra (INES), which resulted from a post-processing effort at VILSPA. It was constructed by using verified data from the IUE Final Archive Master Catalog. The observations cover the whole life of the IUE satellite, from March 1978 to September 1996. This online catalog was ingested by the HEASARC in August 2004 based on the machine-readable table VI/110/inescat.dat obtained from the CDS data center. In May 2020, the program_id values of "\" were changed by the HEASARC to nulls for improved database compatibility. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .