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399 results for “'okinawa'”
Fig. 7 in Two New Species of Ground Spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Okinawa Islands, Japan
Fig. 7. Distribution map of Cladothela bicolor Suzuki, sp. nov. (filled circle) and Micaria longimana Suzuki, sp. nov. (open triangle) in Okinawa Islands.
Fig. 1 in Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)
Fig. 1. Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174614), microphotographs of living nauplius at two different stages of development. A, B, nauplius in dorsal and lateral view, respectively; C, D, last-stage nauplius in ventral and lateral view, respectively. Live video of H. cristalabri sp. nov. can be seen here: https://youtu.be/SCskuhPTCXo and is also deposited at Figshare.com: https://doi.org/10.6084/ m9.figshare.20430807.
Fig. 3 in Two New Species of Ground Spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Okinawa Islands, Japan
Fig. 3. Genitalia of Cladothela bicolor Suzuki, sp. nov., holotype female from Sesoko Island (NSMT-Ar 22039: A, B) and paratype male from Okinawa Island (NSMT-Ar 22040: C–E). A, Epigyne, ventral view; B, internal genitalia, dorsal view; C, left palp, prolateral view; D, ditto, ventral view; E, ditto, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CD, copulatory ducts; CDH, copulatory duct height; CDW, copulatory duct width; CO, copulatory opening; Co, conductor; COI, copulatory openings interdistance; COW, copulatosy opening width; Em, embolus; EmL, embolus length; EmW embolus width; FD, fertilization duct; G, lateral gland; Sp, spermatheca; SpH, spermatheca height; spermatheca width; T, tegulum; To, triangular outgrowth. Arrow indicates a hook-like apophysis on retrolateral side of palpal femur. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
Fig. 2 in Two New Species of Ground Spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Okinawa Islands, Japan
Fig. 2. Cladothela bicolor Suzuki, sp. nov., holotype female from Sesoko Island (NSMT-Ar 22039: A, C, E–G, K–M) and paratype male from Okinawa Island (NSMT-Ar 22040: B, D, H–J, N–R). A, B, Eye region, dorsal view; C, D, mouthparts, ventral view; E, H, left chelicerae, posterior view; F, I, ditto, anterior view; G, J, ditto, ventral view; K, epigyne, ventral view; L, ditto, clarified view; M, internal genitalia, dorsal view; N, right palp, dorsal view; O, ditto, retrolateral view; P, left palp, retrolateral view; Q, ditto, ventral view; R, ditto, prolateral view. Arrows in K and L indicate pit-like structures on posterior margin and window-like regions on epigynal plate, respectively. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (O); 0.5 mm (A–D, N); 0.2 mm (E–M, P–R).
Fig. 3 in Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)
Fig. 3. Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174614), scanning electron micrographs of last-stage nauplius. A, B, habitus, dorsal and posteriodorsal view respectively; C, cephalic shield, slightly oblique frontal view, with 'primordial plates' differentiated by colors and abbreviations following Itô's (1987b, 1990) system (see Fig. 4); D–M, details of pores and setae of cephalic shield in A and C, indicated by dotted arrows; N, detail of spine-flanked notch in posterolateral margin of cephalic shield, indicated by dotted arrow (cf. Fig. 2E); O, two orderly spine-rows defining dorsal "keel" of trunk and contrasting with otherwise irregularly arranged spinules of transverse ridges. Abbreviations: C, crescentic plate; F-1–F-4, derivatives of primordial frontal plates 1–4; I-1, intercalary plate 1; O-1, occipital plate 1; P-1, derivatives of primordial polygonal plate 1; W, window; pores and setae numbered as described in text and Table 1.
Fig. 6 in Two New Species of Ground Spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Okinawa Islands, Japan
Fig. 6. Genitalia of Micaria longimana Suzuki, sp. nov., holotype male (NSMT-Ar 22042: A–C) and paratype female (NSMT-Ar 22043: F, H, I). A, Left palp, retrolateral view; B, ditto, prolateral view; C, ditto, ventral view; D, epigyne, clarified ventral view; E, internal genitalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: CD, copulatory ducts; CL, cymbial length; CO, copulatory opening; Em, embolus; FD, fertilization duct; MA, median apophysis; PBT, palpal bulb thickness; PTL, palpal tibial length; SD, sperm duct; Sp, spermatheca; TA, tibial apophysis, TO, tegular outgrowth. Arrow indicates a globular pocked on lateral side of copulatory openings. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B, D); 0.1 mm (C, F–I).
Fig. 1 in Two New Species of Ground Spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Okinawa Islands, Japan
Fig. 1. Cladothela bicolor Suzuki, sp. nov., holotype female from Sesoko Island (NSMT-Ar 22039: A, C, D) and paratype male from Okinawa Island (NSMT-Ar 22040: B, E, F). A, B, Habitus of living individuals; C, E, habitus, dorsal view; D, F, ditto, ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Fig. 5 in Two New Species of Ground Spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Okinawa Islands, Japan
Fig. 5. Genitalia of Micaria longimana Suzuki, sp. nov., holotype male (NSMT-Ar 22042: A–C) and paratype female (NSMT-Ar 22043: G, I, J); M. dives male (NSMT-Ar 22047: D–F) and female (NSMT-Ar 22047: H). A, D, Left palp, retrolateral view; B, E, ditto, prolateral view; C, F, ditto, ventral view; G, H, epigyne, ventral view; I, epigyne, clarified ventral view; J, internal genitalia, dorsal view. Abbreviations: AEM, anterior epigynal margin. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B, D, E); 0.1 mm (C, F–J).
Fig. 2 in Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)
Fig. 2. Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174614), scanning electron micrographs of last-stage nauplius. A, B, habitus, ventral and lateral views, respectively; C, D, cockscomb-like labral process, left (enlarged from B) and right-posterior views, respectively; E, detail of spine-flanked notch in posteriolateral margin of cephalic shield, indicated by dotted arrow (cf. Fig. 3N); F, G, successively enlarged details of pore in A on posterior face of labral base, indicated by dotted arrows; H, detail of pore in A indicated by dotted arrow; I–M, details of pores in B indicated by dotted arrows; N, same as E; O, detail of dorsocaudal spine in B, left lateral view; P, detail of region of furcal spines, slightly oblique ventral view. Abbreviations: invag, cuticular invagination; pores and setae numbered as described in text and Table 1.
Fig. 5 in Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)
Fig. 5. Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD-1174614), scanning electron micrographs of last-stage nauplius. A, naupliar appendages (first antennae, second antennae, and mandibles) and labrum with cockscomb-like process, ventral view; B, same, anterior view; C, left first antennae, outer side; D, right second antenna, inner side; E, F, left mandible, viewed from two different angles. Abbreviations: ba, basis; co, coxa; en, endopod; ex, exopod; invag, cuticular invagination. Arabic numerals 1–6, exopodal segments 1–6, numbered from proximal to distal.
Fig. 4 in Two New Species of Ground Spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Okinawa Islands, Japan
Fig. 4. Micaria longimana Suzuki, sp. nov., holotype male (NSMT-Ar 22042: A, C, D) and paratype female (NSMT-Ar 22043: B. E, F). A, B, Habitus of living individuals; C, E, habitus, dorsal view; D, F, habitus, ventral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
Fig. 4 in Two New Species of Lecithotrophic Nauplius y with Remarkable Labra from Okinawa, Japan, and a Family-Group Name for y-Larvae (Crustacea: Thecostraca: Facetotecta: Hansenocarididae fam. nov.)
Fig. 4. Comparison of cephalic shield plates of Hansenocaris furcifera Itô, 1989 and Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov., holotype (NHMD- 1174614). A–E, cephalic shields of last five naupliar instars [N1–N5 respectively according to Itô (1990)] of H. furcifera with color-zone indications (key at lower right) showing successive stages of subdivision of shield plates (facets) starting with 'primordial' plates in N1 (after Itô 1987a, 1990: figs 5E–F, 7, 8E, 10B; used with permission of the editor, Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory); F, last-stage nauplius of Hansenocaris cristalabri sp. nov. with presumed plate homologies to H. furcifera indicated by color-coding and alpha-numeric labels. Putatively homologous regions in C, E, and F marked by linked dotted ellipses.
Fig. 4 in First Specimen-based Japanese Records of the Barred Queenfish Scomberoides tala (Teleostei: Carangidae) from Miyazaki and Okinawa Prefectures, Southern Japan
Fig. 4. Photographs of Scomberoides tala (KPM-NI 71651; 433.0 mm FL) from Ishigaki-jima island, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan. A, Fresh specimen (lateral muscles posterior to pectoral-fin base and digestive organs removed) (KPM-NR 230420, photo by H. Wada); B, specimen immediately after capture (KPM-NR 225016, photo by K. Kameda).
Fig. 3 in First Specimen-based Japanese Records of the Barred Queenfish Scomberoides tala (Teleostei: Carangidae) from Miyazaki and Okinawa Prefectures, Southern Japan
Fig. 3. Scomberoides tala (KPM-NI 68403; 151.9 mm FL) collected from Kadogawa Bay, northern Miyazaki Prefecture, Kyushu, southern Japan. A, Fresh specimen (KPM-NR 230030); B, preserved specimen, immediately following fixation (KPM-NR 230031). Photos by Y. Ogata.
Fig. 1 in First Northwest Pacific Record of the Apogonid Fish, Pristiapogon taeniopterus (Actinopteri: Kurtiformes) from Minamidaito Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan
Fig. 1. Japanese specimen (fresh condition; A, B) and holotype (C) of Pristiapogon taeniopterus. A, B, FRLM 61029, 74.7 mm SL, Minamidaito Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan; C, BMNH 1855.12.26.478 (© The Trustees of The Natural History Museum, London), 138.4 mm SL, Mauritius. Scale bars: 10 mm.
Fig. 1 in Bathya brevicarpus gen. et sp. nov. (Amphipoda: Senticaudata: Calliopiidae), from hydrothermal vents, Okinawa Trough, North-west Pacific
Fig. 1. Bathya brevicarpus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (MBM 286556).
Fig. 2 in Bathya brevicarpus gen. et sp. nov. (Amphipoda: Senticaudata: Calliopiidae), from hydrothermal vents, Okinawa Trough, North-west Pacific
Fig. 2. Bathya brevicarpus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (MBM 286556).
Figure 11. - Fruits and galls produced by Epicephala species on Glochidionobovatum. A Fruit produced after pollination by Epicephalaobovatella (Tomogashima, Wakayama) B Gall induced on female flower by Epicephalacorruptrix (Takae, Okinawa) C Cross section of the gall induced by Epicephalacorruptrix. Arrow indicates the galled locule with feeding trace of Epicephala larva. Note that the irregularly developed ovules of the galled locule have merged indistinguishablly to septa. Scale bar 2 mm.
Figure 11. - Fruits and galls produced by Epicephala species on Glochidionobovatum. A Fruit produced after pollination by Epicephalaobovatella (Tomogashima, Wakayama) B Gall induced on female flower by Epicephalacorruptrix (Takae, Okinawa) C Cross section of the gall induced by Epicephalacorruptrix. Arrow indicates the galled locule with feeding trace of Epicephala larva. Note that the irregularly developed ovules of the galled locule have merged indistinguishablly to septa. Scale bar 2 mm.
Figure 1. - Representative specimens of the nine Epicephala species in Japan. Wing pattern of Epicephalaparasitica is sexually dimorphic, so specimens of both sexes are shown for this species. A Epicephalaanthophilia (Amami Island, Kagoshima, ♀, holotype) B Epicephalabipollenella (Henoko, Okinawa, ♀) C Epicephalalanceolatella (Cape Hedo, Okinawa, ♀, holotype) D Epicephalaperplexa (Cape Hedo, Okinawa, ♀, holotype) E Epicephalaobovatella (Tomogashima, Wakayama, ♂, paratype) F Epicephalacorruptrix (Takae, Okinawa, ♀, holotype) G Epicephalavitisidaea (Yona, Okinawa, ♀) H Epicephalaparasitica (Yonaguni Island, Okinawa, ♀, holotype) I Epicephalaparasitica (Hateruma Island, Okinawa, ♂) J Epicephalanudilingua (Watarase-yusuichi, Tochigi, ♀, holotype). Scale bar: 5 mm.
Figure 1. - Representative specimens of the nine Epicephala species in Japan. Wing pattern of Epicephalaparasitica is sexually dimorphic, so specimens of both sexes are shown for this species. A Epicephalaanthophilia (Amami Island, Kagoshima, ♀, holotype) B Epicephalabipollenella (Henoko, Okinawa, ♀) C Epicephalalanceolatella (Cape Hedo, Okinawa, ♀, holotype) D Epicephalaperplexa (Cape Hedo, Okinawa, ♀, holotype) E Epicephalaobovatella (Tomogashima, Wakayama, ♂, paratype) F Epicephalacorruptrix (Takae, Okinawa, ♀, holotype) G Epicephalavitisidaea (Yona, Okinawa, ♀) H Epicephalaparasitica (Yonaguni Island, Okinawa, ♀, holotype) I Epicephalaparasitica (Hateruma Island, Okinawa, ♂) J Epicephalanudilingua (Watarase-yusuichi, Tochigi, ♀, holotype). Scale bar: 5 mm.
The effects of light intensity and flow speed on biogeochemical variability within a fringing coral reef in Onna-son, Okinawa, Japan
<p>Global warming and ocean acidification are driving gradual declines in seawater dissolved oxygen concentrations and pH. Predicting how these changes will affect shallow, near-shore environments including coral reefs is challenging due to high natural variability on both spatial (10 m to km) and temporal (diel to seasonal) scales. To make predictions, it is first necessary to identify and quantify the drivers of this natural variability. While significant efforts have been devoted to characterising the influence from metabolic processes on coral reef seawater chemistry, less attention has been devoted to physical processes such as flow speed and light intensity. Here, we measured seawater flow, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) at three reef habitats (reef flat, lagoon, and outflow channel) in a fringing coral reef system in Okinawa, Japan for a duration of 3 weeks in October of 2019. During the study, circulation was primarily wave-driven with mean flow speeds ranging from 14-26 cm/s. Flow direction became increasingly consistent at higher flow speeds, which traced visual patterns in the benthos observed from satellite imagery. Multiple linear regression models of daytime changes in pH and DO versus daily mean flow speed and PAR described 25-74% of the observed variability across all sites while at night, flow speed alone accounted for 35-69% of the observed variability. The results demonstrate that flow speed, trajectory, and PAR play important and variable roles in controlling biogeochemical variability within coral reefs and need to be considered in assessing their vulnerability to global climate change.</p>
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